JAPANESE CRUISER SENDAI

was a ''Sendai''-class light cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy.It was named after the Sendai River in southern Kyūshū.

Contents

Background

Service Career

Early career

Invasions of Southeast Asia

Battle of Midway

Solomon Islands campaigns

List of Captains (partial)

References

Books

External links

Notes

See also

Background

''Sendai'' was the lead ship of the three vessels completed in her class of light cruisers, and like other vessels of her class, she was intended for use as the flagship of a destroyer flotilla.

Service Career

Early career

''Sendai'' was completed at the Mitsubishi Nagasaki shipyards on 29 April 1924. Immediately on completion, it was assigned to Yangtze River patrol in China. It played an important role in the Battle of Shanghai in the opening stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War, and later covered the landings of Japanese forces in southern China.

Invasions of Southeast Asia

On 20 November 1941, ''Sendai'' became flagship of DesRon 3 under Rear Admiral Shintaro Hashimoto.
At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, ''Sendai'' was engaged in escorting transports carrying Lieutenant General Tomoyuki Yamashita and the Japanese 25th Army to invade Malaya. At 2345 on 7 December 1941, ''Sendai'' and her destroyer squadron (''Ayanami'', ''Isonami'', ''Shikinami'', and ''Uranami'') commenced a bombardment of Kota Bharu, Malaya. They were attacked by seven RAAF Hudson bombers, which sank one of the transports and damaged two others.
On 9 December 1941, Japanese submarine ''I-65'' reported sighting of Royal Navy Force Z (the Royal Navy battleship ''HMS Prince of Wales'', battlecruiser ''HMS Repulse'' and supporting destroyers). The report was received by ''Sendai'', which relayed the message to Vice Admiral Jisaburo Ozawa aboard his flagship, ''Chokai''. However, the reception was poor and the message took another 90 minutes to decode. Moreover, ''I-65s'' report was incorrect about the heading of Force Z. The following day, Force Z was overwhelmed by torpedo bombers of the 22nd Air Flotilla from Indochina.
On 19 December 1941, off Kota Bahru in the South China Sea, Royal Netherlands Navy submarine ''O-20'' sighted Sendai escorting the second Malaya Convoy's 39 transports. At 1115, the Sendai's floatplane, a Kawanishi E7K2 "Alf", spotted and bombed the ''O-20'', which was also attacked by ''Ayanami'' and ''Yugiri'' with depth charges. That night ''O-20'' surfaced to recharge its batteries, and a flame from her engines' exhaust gave her away; she was sunk by ''Uranami''.
''Sendai'' made three more troop convoy escort runs to Malay at the end of December 1941 and in January 1942. On the fourth run, 10 January 1942 ''USS Seadragon'' spotted the convoy and fired two torpedoes at the last transport, but both missed. On the fifth run, on 26 January, ''Sendai'' and her convoy were attacked by the ''HMS Thanet'' and ''HMAS Vampire'' about 80 miles north of Singapore in the Battle off Endau. The torpedoes from the Allied vessels missed, and ''Shirayuki'' and ''Sendai'' returned fire with their 4-inch guns. ''Thanet'' was sunk, while ''Vampire'' was undamaged and escaped to Singapore.
From February through March, ''Sendai'' was assigned to cover Japanese landings in Sumatra, and in sweeping the sea lanes and the Strait of Malacca for British and Dutch vessels escaping from Singapore. At the end of March, ''Sendai'' covered the landing of one battalion of the IJA's 18th Infantry Division at Port Blair, Andaman Islands. At the end of April, ''Sendai'' returned to Sasebo for repairs.

Battle of Midway

On 29 May 1942, ''Sendai'' departed with the Main Body of the Combined Fleet for Midway. The Main Body remained 600 miles behind Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo's First Carrier Striking Force and thus did not engage American forces. Sendai returned to Kure on 14 June 1942 without having seen combat.

Solomon Islands campaigns

On 15 July 1942 DesRon 3 was reassigned to the Southwest Force to cover operations in Burma and raids in the Indian Ocean, arriving at Mergui, Burma 31 July. However, with American landings on Guadalcanal, the planned Indian Ocean operations were cancelled and ''Sendai'' was sent to Makassar, Davao and Truk instead, to escort troop convoys to Rabaul, New Britain and Shortland, Bougainville. On 8 September, ''Sendai'' shelled Tulagi and on 12 September ''Sendai'' (with destroyers ''Shikinami'', ''Fubuki'' and ''Suzukaze'') bombarded Henderson Field, Guadalcanal. ''Sendai'' remained active in Solomon Island operations through November 1942, participating in both the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal (where it remained as distant cover) and the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal (where it was attacked by the ''USS Washington'''s 16-inch main guns, but it escaped undamaged).
On 25 February 1943 ''Sendai'' was reassigned to the Eighth Fleet at Rabaul under Vice Admiral Gunichi Mikawa and remained on patrol around Rabaul through April. Returning to Sasebo in May, ''Sendai'' was repaired and modified. Her No.5 5.5-inch gun mount was removed and two triple 25-mm AA gun mounts and Type 21 radar were installed. Repairs were completed 25 June 1943 and ''Sendai'' returned to Truk on 5 July. On 7 July Rear Admiral Baron Matsuji Ijuin assumed command of DesRon 3. During the next three months, ''Sendai'' operated out of Rabaul covering reinforcement convoys to Buin and Shortland.
On 18 July 1943 off Kolombangara the group was attacked by Guadalcanal-based Marine Grumman TBM Avenger torpedo-bombers, and two days later by North American B-25 Mitchell bombers but was not damaged; it also escaped damage after being bombed by a Consolidated B-24 Liberator on 1 November 1943.
The following day, 2 November 1943, at the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, the Japanese fleet attempting to reinforce Bougainville was intercepted by Task Force 39 with the light cruisers ''USS Cleveland'', ''USS Columbia'', ''USS Montpelier'' and ''USS Denver'' and destroyers ''USS Stanly'', ''USS Charles Ausburne'', ''USS Claxton'', ''USS Dyson'', ''USS Converse'', ''USS Foote'', ''USS Spence'' and ''USS Thatcher''. The Japanese force included ''Myoko'' and ''Haguro'', ''Sendai'' and ''Agano'' with destroyers ''Shigure'', ''Samidare'' and ''Shiratsuyu'', ''Naganami'', ''Wakatsuki'' and the ''Hatsukaze'' and ''Amagiri'', ''Yunagi'', ''Uzuki'' and ''Fuzuki''.
''Shigure'' spotted the American destroyers at 7,500 yards, turned hard starboard and launched eight torpedoes. ''Sendai'' also turned hard starboard, but bore down on ''Shigure'', barely avoiding a collision. All four Allied cruisers took ''Sendai'' under radar directed 6-inch fire. They hit her with their first salvo and more thereafter, setting her afire. ''Sendai'' sank the following morning at . Captain Shoji and 184 crewmen went down with the ship, but 236 other crewmen were rescued by destroyers.
On 3 November 1943, Admiral Ijuin and 75 more survivors from ''Sendai'' were rescued by Japanese submarine ''RO-104''.
''Sendai'' was removed from the Navy List 5 January 1944.

List of Captains (partial)

★ Captain (Vice Admiral, posthumously) Shimazaki Toshio – 15 July 1940

★ Captain (later Rear Admiral) Morishita Nobuei – 25 April 1942

★ Captain (Rear Admiral, posthumously) Shoji Kiichiro – 20 May 1943

References

Books

★ Warship Losses of World War Two, , David, Brown, Naval Institute Press, 1990, ISBN 1-55750-914-X

★ Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II, , Andrieu, D'Albas, Devin-Adair Pub, 1965, ISBN 0-8159-5302-X

★ A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945, , Paul S., Dull, Naval Institute Press, 1978, ISBN 0-87021-097-1

★ Kaigun : Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941, , David, Evans, Naval Institute Press, 1979, ISBN 0-87021-192-7

★ The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945, , Stephen, Howarth, Atheneum, 1983, ISBN 0-68911-402-8

★ Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945, , Hansgeorg, Jentsura, Naval Institute Press, 1976, ISBN 0-87021-893-X

★ Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War, , Eric, Lacroix, Naval Institute Press, 1997, ISBN 0-87021-311-3

★ Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia, , M.J., Whitley, Naval Institute Press, 1995, ISBN 1-55750-141-6

External links

★ Imperial Japanese Navy Page (Combinedfleet.com) tabular record: CombinedFleet.com: ''Sendai'' history

Notes

1. Lacroix, ''Japanese Cruisers'', p. 794.

See also

★ List of World War II ships