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EspañolJIMMY SMITH (MUSICIAN)
:''This article refers to Jimmy Smith the jazz musician. For the Jacksonville Jaguars' wide receiver see Jimmy Smith (football).''
'Jimmy Smith', nicknamed "The Incredible Jimmy Smith", (December 8, 1925 – February 8, 2005) was a jazz musician whose Hammond B-3 electric organ performances helped to popularize this instrument.
Born 'James Oscar Smith' in Norristown, Pennsylvania, U.S.. Smith was influenced by both gospel and blues. He first achieved prominence in the 1950s when his recordings became popular on jukeboxes. In the sixties and seventies he helped create the jazz style known as 'soul jazz'.
While the electric organ was used in jazz by Fats Waller and Count Basie, Smith's virtuoso improvisation technique on the Hammond helped to popularize the electric organ as a jazz and blues instrument. For ballads, he played walking bass lines on the bass foot pedals. For uptempo tunes, he would play the bass line on the lower manual and use the pedals for emphasis on the attack of certain notes, which helped to emulate the attack and sound of a string bass.
His solos were characterised by percussive chords mixed with very fast melodic improvisation with the right hand. Smith used a drawbar registration in which the drawbars were pulled out so that the drawbar gradations would read-from the lowest to the highest harmonics-as "868000000" or "888000000" on the lower manual. Smith used the lower manual for the bass line and to perform accompaniment (also called "comping") chords. He used a similar registration on the upper manual, which he used for soloing, but with the addition of other harmonics during the attack of the note (using the Hammond's "percussion" circuit).
Smith was a prolific recording artist, recording with the Blue Note label beginning in 1956. His early albums with Blue Note, included ''Home Cookin' '', ''The Sermon!'', ''The Champ'', ''House Party'', ''Midnight Special'', ''Prayer Meetin' '', and ''Back at the Chicken Shack''.
Smith signed to Verve Records label in 1963. Smith's albums with Verve include: The Cat, ''The Boss'', ''Root Down'', ''Peter & The Wolf'', ''Any Number Can Win'', ''Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?'', ''The Incredible...'', ''Bashin'', ''Got My Mojo Workin'', ''Christmas Cookin'', and ''Organ Grinder Swing''. While he was signed to Verve, he began collaborating with guitarist Wes Montgomery, with whom he recorded two albums: ''The Dynamic Duo with Wes Montgomery'' and ''Further Adventures Of Jimmy and Wes''.
Smith recorded with a full orchestra and worked with arrangers and conductors such as Lalo Schifrin, Claus Ogerman, and Oliver Nelson. He also worked in small groups such as organ trios that featured jazz musicians such as Kenny Burrell, Donald "Duck" Bailey, Grady Tate, Lee Morgan, Lou Donaldson, Tina Brooks, Jackie McLean and Stanley Turrentine.
Smith had a career revival in the 1980s and 1990s, again recording for Blue Note and Verve, as well as for the Milestone label. Smith also recorded with other artists including: ''Love And Peace: A Tribute To Horace Silver'' with Dee Dee Bridgewater (1995) and ''Blue Bash!'' with Kenny Burrell (1963).
Smith influenced many other jazz organists. More recently, Smith influenced bands such as the Beastie Boys, who sampled the bassline from "Root Down (and Get It)" from ''Root Down''—and saluted Smith in the lyrics—for their own hit "Root Down," Medeski, Martin & Wood, and The Hayden-Eckert Ensemble. The Acid Jazz movement also reflects Smith's organ style. In 1999 and 2000 Smith recorded two albums-''The Champ'' and ''Incredible!''- with his protégé, Joey DeFrancesco, a then 28-year-old organist. Smith and DeFrancesco both played on the collaborative album ''Legacy'' released in 2005 shortly before Smith's death.
★ Hammond organ
★ Organ trio
★ Jimmy Smith at the Hard Bop Home Page
★ Jimmy Smith on Verve Records
★ Jimmy Smith on Blue Note Records
★ a comprehensive discography
'Jimmy Smith', nicknamed "The Incredible Jimmy Smith", (December 8, 1925 – February 8, 2005) was a jazz musician whose Hammond B-3 electric organ performances helped to popularize this instrument.
Born 'James Oscar Smith' in Norristown, Pennsylvania, U.S.. Smith was influenced by both gospel and blues. He first achieved prominence in the 1950s when his recordings became popular on jukeboxes. In the sixties and seventies he helped create the jazz style known as 'soul jazz'.
| Contents |
| Musical Style |
| Recordings |
| Influence |
| See also |
| External links |
Musical Style
While the electric organ was used in jazz by Fats Waller and Count Basie, Smith's virtuoso improvisation technique on the Hammond helped to popularize the electric organ as a jazz and blues instrument. For ballads, he played walking bass lines on the bass foot pedals. For uptempo tunes, he would play the bass line on the lower manual and use the pedals for emphasis on the attack of certain notes, which helped to emulate the attack and sound of a string bass.
His solos were characterised by percussive chords mixed with very fast melodic improvisation with the right hand. Smith used a drawbar registration in which the drawbars were pulled out so that the drawbar gradations would read-from the lowest to the highest harmonics-as "868000000" or "888000000" on the lower manual. Smith used the lower manual for the bass line and to perform accompaniment (also called "comping") chords. He used a similar registration on the upper manual, which he used for soloing, but with the addition of other harmonics during the attack of the note (using the Hammond's "percussion" circuit).
Recordings
Smith was a prolific recording artist, recording with the Blue Note label beginning in 1956. His early albums with Blue Note, included ''Home Cookin' '', ''The Sermon!'', ''The Champ'', ''House Party'', ''Midnight Special'', ''Prayer Meetin' '', and ''Back at the Chicken Shack''.
Smith signed to Verve Records label in 1963. Smith's albums with Verve include: The Cat, ''The Boss'', ''Root Down'', ''Peter & The Wolf'', ''Any Number Can Win'', ''Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?'', ''The Incredible...'', ''Bashin'', ''Got My Mojo Workin'', ''Christmas Cookin'', and ''Organ Grinder Swing''. While he was signed to Verve, he began collaborating with guitarist Wes Montgomery, with whom he recorded two albums: ''The Dynamic Duo with Wes Montgomery'' and ''Further Adventures Of Jimmy and Wes''.
Smith recorded with a full orchestra and worked with arrangers and conductors such as Lalo Schifrin, Claus Ogerman, and Oliver Nelson. He also worked in small groups such as organ trios that featured jazz musicians such as Kenny Burrell, Donald "Duck" Bailey, Grady Tate, Lee Morgan, Lou Donaldson, Tina Brooks, Jackie McLean and Stanley Turrentine.
Smith had a career revival in the 1980s and 1990s, again recording for Blue Note and Verve, as well as for the Milestone label. Smith also recorded with other artists including: ''Love And Peace: A Tribute To Horace Silver'' with Dee Dee Bridgewater (1995) and ''Blue Bash!'' with Kenny Burrell (1963).
Influence
Smith influenced many other jazz organists. More recently, Smith influenced bands such as the Beastie Boys, who sampled the bassline from "Root Down (and Get It)" from ''Root Down''—and saluted Smith in the lyrics—for their own hit "Root Down," Medeski, Martin & Wood, and The Hayden-Eckert Ensemble. The Acid Jazz movement also reflects Smith's organ style. In 1999 and 2000 Smith recorded two albums-''The Champ'' and ''Incredible!''- with his protégé, Joey DeFrancesco, a then 28-year-old organist. Smith and DeFrancesco both played on the collaborative album ''Legacy'' released in 2005 shortly before Smith's death.
See also
★ Hammond organ
★ Organ trio
External links
★ Jimmy Smith at the Hard Bop Home Page
★ Jimmy Smith on Verve Records
★ Jimmy Smith on Blue Note Records
★ a comprehensive discography
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