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Karl III Philip
'Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine' (b.
Neuburg,
November 4,
1661 – d.
Mannheim,
December 31,
1742) was a ruler from the house of
Wittelsbach. He was
Elector Palatine, Count of
Palatinate-Neuburg, and
Duke of Jülich and
Berg from
1716 to
1742.
Biography
Born in
Neuburg an der Donau, Karl Philip was the seventh of 17 children of
Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine and
Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt.
He succeeded his brother
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine on his death in
1716. He moved the Palatinate's capital from
Heidelberg to the new city of
Mannheim in
1720. Upon his death in 1742, the Palatinate-Neuburg line became extinct, and the
Palatinate (including Neuburg, Jülich and Berg) was inherited by the
Palatinate-Sulzbach line of the
Wittelsbach family.
While in Mannheim, Karl III Philip, and later his nephew, put together what was commonly regarded as the finest orchestra in all of Europe. Under the leadership of musicians such as
Johann Stamitz and
Carlo Grua, the orchestra of the Kapelle was lauded by such musicians such as
Leopold and
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Marriages
Ludovica Carolina Radivilia, the illustration from ''Icones familiae ducalis Radvilianae''.
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Teresa Lubomirska.
Karl Philipp married three times:
★ In
Berlin on
August 10,
1688 he married firstly with
Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł, dowager princess of Brandenburg and a wealthy heiress in Lituania. They had four children:
#Leopoldine Eleonore Josephine (b. Brieg,
27 December 1689 - d.
8 March 1693).
#Maria Anna (b.
7 December 1690 - d.
1692).
#
Elisabeth Auguste Sophie (b. Brieg,
17 March 1693 - d. Mannheim,
30 January 1728), married on
1717 to his kinsman, the Palatine Count Johann Karl of Sulzbach.
#a son (b. and d. Brieg,
22 March 1695).
★ In
Kraków on
December 15,
1701 he married secondly with
Teresa Lubomirska, heiress of
Ostrog. They had two daughters:
#Theophila Elisabeth Franziska Felicitas (b.
13 November 1703 - d.
31 January 1705).
#Anna Elisabeth Theophila (b. Innsbruck,
9 June 1709 - d. Innsbruck,
10 February 1712).
★ In
1728 he married for thirdly with
Marie Violante Theresia of Thurn-Taxis. This union was childless.
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