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:''For the other uses, see Latin (disambiguation).''
The 'Latins' were an ancient Italic people who migrated to central Italy, (Latium Vetus - Old Latium), in the 2nd millennium B.C., maybe from the Adriatic East Coast and Balkanic Area, perhaps from pressures by Illyrian peoples. Although they lived in independent city-states, the Latins had a common language (Latin), common religious beliefs and a close sense of kinship, expressed in the myth that they were all descendants of Latinus, the father-in-law of Aeneas. Latinus was worshipped as Jupiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus (Monte Cavo) during an annual festival that was attended by all Latins, including Rome, one of the Latin states. The Latin cities extended common right to residence and trade to one another. Rome's territorial ambitions united the rest of the Latins against it in 341 BC, but the final victory was on Rome's side in 338 BC. Consequently some of the Latin states were incorporated within the Roman state, and their inhabitants were given full Roman citizenship. Others became Roman allies and enjoyed certain privileges.
Gradually, with the spread of Roman power throughout Italy and Western Europe, 'Latin' ceased to be an ethnic term and became a legal category.
In the Middle ages "Latin" frequently meant something associated with Roman Catholic Church, for example "Latin rite". Latin Empire was established in the territory of the former Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade with support of the church.
In modern times the term "Latin" is most commonly applied as an adjective to people of Italian, French, Portuguese, Romanian or Spanish descent because their languages descend from Latin.
In the United States Latin, Hispanic, and Latino (the Italian, Spanish and Portuguese form of Latin) are often used as synonyms in referring to people from Latin America (the parts of America where Latin-derived languages are spoken, and where most of the population has some (mixed or pure), Latin-European ancestry). As a shortening of the term 'Latin America', "Latin" refers to an inhabitant of Latin America and not specifically to someone of Latin-European ancestry. In this sense, the term is used as an equivalent to terms like European, African, Asian, and Middle Eastern, which makes any woman from Latin America a "Latina" or in the case of man a "Latino", even if their ancestry is non-European.
Most commonly in Europe, as a noun, the term “Latin” is applied to people from countries where Romance languages are spoken and so Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, French people and Romanian people are popularly called "Latins" by other Europeans because of their distinctive Roman roots. In America, this trend is not continued, as the French-speaking province of Quebec, French Guyana, the French Caribbean and Haiti are not popularly considered to be part of Latin America, although technically they should be. In the Byzantine Empire, "Latins" was a synonym to "Westerners", referring to all people of the Roman Catholic faith. Today the Byzantine cultural successors (Greece, Cyprus) also use "Latins" as a term for "Roman Catholics" in order to distinguish them from a member of the Greek Church.
★ Latin Right
★ Latin league
★ Latin War
★ Distinguishing the terms:Latins and Romans
The 'Latins' were an ancient Italic people who migrated to central Italy, (Latium Vetus - Old Latium), in the 2nd millennium B.C., maybe from the Adriatic East Coast and Balkanic Area, perhaps from pressures by Illyrian peoples. Although they lived in independent city-states, the Latins had a common language (Latin), common religious beliefs and a close sense of kinship, expressed in the myth that they were all descendants of Latinus, the father-in-law of Aeneas. Latinus was worshipped as Jupiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus (Monte Cavo) during an annual festival that was attended by all Latins, including Rome, one of the Latin states. The Latin cities extended common right to residence and trade to one another. Rome's territorial ambitions united the rest of the Latins against it in 341 BC, but the final victory was on Rome's side in 338 BC. Consequently some of the Latin states were incorporated within the Roman state, and their inhabitants were given full Roman citizenship. Others became Roman allies and enjoyed certain privileges.
Gradually, with the spread of Roman power throughout Italy and Western Europe, 'Latin' ceased to be an ethnic term and became a legal category.
| Contents |
| Medieval usage |
| Modern uses |
| Who is a Latin? |
| See also |
| External links |
Medieval usage
In the Middle ages "Latin" frequently meant something associated with Roman Catholic Church, for example "Latin rite". Latin Empire was established in the territory of the former Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade with support of the church.
Modern uses
In modern times the term "Latin" is most commonly applied as an adjective to people of Italian, French, Portuguese, Romanian or Spanish descent because their languages descend from Latin.
In the United States Latin, Hispanic, and Latino (the Italian, Spanish and Portuguese form of Latin) are often used as synonyms in referring to people from Latin America (the parts of America where Latin-derived languages are spoken, and where most of the population has some (mixed or pure), Latin-European ancestry). As a shortening of the term 'Latin America', "Latin" refers to an inhabitant of Latin America and not specifically to someone of Latin-European ancestry. In this sense, the term is used as an equivalent to terms like European, African, Asian, and Middle Eastern, which makes any woman from Latin America a "Latina" or in the case of man a "Latino", even if their ancestry is non-European.
Who is a Latin?
Most commonly in Europe, as a noun, the term “Latin” is applied to people from countries where Romance languages are spoken and so Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, French people and Romanian people are popularly called "Latins" by other Europeans because of their distinctive Roman roots. In America, this trend is not continued, as the French-speaking province of Quebec, French Guyana, the French Caribbean and Haiti are not popularly considered to be part of Latin America, although technically they should be. In the Byzantine Empire, "Latins" was a synonym to "Westerners", referring to all people of the Roman Catholic faith. Today the Byzantine cultural successors (Greece, Cyprus) also use "Latins" as a term for "Roman Catholics" in order to distinguish them from a member of the Greek Church.
See also
★ Latin Right
★ Latin league
★ Latin War
External links
★ Distinguishing the terms:Latins and Romans
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