LIST OF MARTIAN CANALS

The Martian canals were named, by Schiaparelli and others, after real and legendary rivers of various places on Earth or the mythological underworld. Some of those names are listed below, with the regions that the canals were thought to connect.

Contents

A

B-D

E-F

G-H

I-M

N-O

P-R

S-X

A

Name	Pronunciation	Location	Source of name
'Acalandrus'	ˌæ.kə.ˈlæn.dɹəs		From a stream in Lucania, Italy, now called ''Calandro''.
'Acampsis'	ə.ˈkæmp.sɪs		From a river in Pontus that flowed into the Black Sea.
'Acesines'	æ.səˈsaɪ.niz		From a Sicilian river, now called ''Cantara''; also the name of Chenab, one of the rivers of the Punjab.
'Achana'	ˈæ.kə.nə		From a river in northern Arabia.
'Achates'	ə.ˈkeɪ.tiz		From a Sicilian river now called the ''Drillo'', in which agates were found.
'Acheloüs'	ˌæ.kəˈloʊ.əs		From Achelous, a river in western Greece.
'Acheron'	ˈæ.kə.ɹɑn		From ''Acheron'', both a real river in Epirus and a mythical river of Hades.
'Acis'	ˈeɪ.sɪs		From a Sicilian river now called ''Fiume di Iaci''.
'Aeacus'	ˈi.ə.kəs	N to S: runs through Cebrenia to the junction of ''Styx'' and ''Boreas'' canals.
'Aeolus'	ˈi.ə.ləs		From Aeolus, keeper of the winds in Greek mythology.
'Aesis'	ˈi.sɪs		From an Italian river, now called ''Fiumesino''.
'Aethiops'	ˈi.θi.ɑps		Means "the Ethiopian".
'Agathodaemon'	ˌæ.gə.θəˈdi.mən	N to S: connects ''Tithonius Lacus'' to ''Aonius Sinus'', opposite ''Protei Regio''; just W of ''Aurea Cherso''.	Means "good spirit".
'Alcyonius'	ˌæl.siˈoʊ.ni.əs
'Alpheus'	ælˈfi.əs	Runs N.S through ''Hellas''.	From the river ''Alpheios'' in the Peloponnesus of Greece.
'Ambrosia'	æmˈbɹoʊ.ʒə	S to N: connects ''Solis Lacus'' with ''Bosphorus Gemmatus'', running through ''Thaumasia''.	From ''ambrosia'', the legendary food of the gods.
'Amenthes'	əˈmɛn.θiz
'Amphrysus'	æmˈfɹaɪ.səs		From a Thessalian river, now called ''Armiro''.
'Amystis'	əˈmɪs.tɪs		From a river of India.
'Anapus'	əˈneɪ.pəs		From an Acarnanian or Sicilian river.
'Anian'	ˈeɪ.ni.ən	After the ''Strait of Anián'', a mythical water passage in the American northwest.
'Antaeus'	ænˈti.əs	NW to SE: from the junction of ''Cerberus'' and ''Eunostos'' canals to the ''Atlantis'' region.	From ''Antaeus'', son of Earth, a gigantic opponent of Heracles.
'Anubis'	əˈnju.bɪs		From the Egyptian god ''Anubis''.
'Apis'	ˈeɪ.pɪs		From the Egyptian god ''Apis''.
'Araxes'	əˈɹæk.siz	E to W: connects ''Phoenicis Lacus'' with the E end of ''Mare Sirenum''.	From ''Araxes'', a river in eastern Anatolia.
'Argaeus'	ɑɹˈdʒi.əs	Flows S from pole to junction of ''Pyramus'' and ''Pierius'' canals.
'Arges'	ˈɑɹ.dʒiz
'Arnon'	ˈɑɹ.nən	N to S: connects ''Arethusa Lacus'' to ''Ismenius Lacus''.	From the small river ''Arnon'' now in the Kingdom of Jordan.
'Aroeris'		NE to SW: from "Copais Palus" to ''Ismenius Lacus''.
'Arosis'	ˈæ.ɹə.sɪs
'Arsanias'	ɑɹˈseɪ.ni.əs		From an Armenian river.
'Artanes'	ˈɑɹ.tə.niz
'Ascanius'	æsˈkeɪ.ni.əs		From the Trojan ''Ascanius'', son of ''Aeneas''.
'Asclepius'	æsˈkli.pi.əs		From the Greek deity of healing ''Asclepius''.
'Asopus'	əˈsoʊ.pəs
'Astaboras'	æsˈtæ.bo.ɹəs	E to W: connects ''Syrtis Major'' to ''Ismenius Lacus''.	From a name for the Atbarah river, a branch of the upper Nile.
'Astapus'	ˈæs.tə.pəs		From a name for the Blue Nile river.
'Astusapes'	æsˈtju.sə.piz		From a name for the White Nile river.
'Atax'	ˈeɪ.tæks
'Athesis'	ˈæ.θə.sɪs		From the river Adige in Venezia.
'Athyr'	ˈeɪ.θɚ		From a form of the name of the Egyptian goddess ''Hathor''.
'Avernus'	əˈvɝ.nəs	NE to SW: connects ''Ammonii Fons'' to the E end of ''Mare Cimmerium'' via ''Aquae Apollinaris''.	From Avernus, a river of Hades.
'Avus'	ˈeɪ.vəs
'Axius'	ˈæk.si.əs
'Axon'	ˈæk.sɑn

B-D

'Bactrus'	ˈbæk.tɹəs		From a river of Bactria.
'Baetis'	ˈbi.tɪs		From the classical name of the Guadalquivir river.
'Bathys'	ˈbeɪ.θɪs		From
'Bautis'	ˈbɔ.tɪs
'Belus'	ˈbi.ləs
'Boreas'	ˈbo.ɹi.əs	E to W: connects ''Propontis'' to ''Anian'' canal.	From ''Boreas'', the Greek name for the North Wind.
'Boreosyrtis'	ˌbo.ɹi.əˈsɝ.tɪs	E to W in curve between ''Utopia'' and ''Dioscuria''.
'Brontes'	ˈbɹɑn.tiz
'Cadmus'	ˈkæd.məs		From the Greek hero Cadmus.
'Caicus'
'Callirrhoë'	kəˈlɪ.ɹoʊ.i		Means "flowing beautifully".
'Cambyses'
'Cantabras'
'Carpis'	ˈkɑɹ.pɪs
'Casius'	ˈkeɪ.ʒəs	NW to SE: connects ''Copaïs Palus'' to ''Nodus Alcyonius''.
'Casuentus'	ˌkæ.ʒjuˈen.təs
'Catarrhactes'	ˌkæ.taˈɹæk.tiz
'Caÿster'	keɪˈɪs.tɚ		–
'Cedron'	ˈsi.dɹən	NW to SE; connects the ''Jaxartes'' canal to ''Arethusa Lacus''.	From the ''Brook of Cedron'' near Jerusalem.
'Centrites'
'Cephissus'	siˈfɪ.səs		From any of several rivers in Greece called ''Cephissus''.
'Ceraunius'	səˈrɔ.ni.əs	A broad canal, or pair of canals, running N.S from ''Tharsis'' down to between ''Tempe'' and ''Arcadia''.
'Cerberus'	ˈsɝ.bə.ɹəs	NE to SW: connects ''Trivium Charontis'' to the W end of ''Mare Cimmerium''.	From the name of the dog ''Cerberus'' that guards the gates of Hades.
'Cestrus'	ˈsɛs.tɹəs
'Chaboras'
'Chretes'	ˈkɹi.tiz
'Choaspes'	koʊˈæs.piz		From ''Choaspes'', a river of Susiana.
'Chrysas'	ˈkɹaɪ.səs
'Chrysorrhoas'	kɹɘˈsɑ.ɹoʊ.əs	N to S: connects ''Lunae Lacus'' to ''Tithonius Lacus''.	Means "flowing with gold".
'Cinyphus'
'Clitumnus'	klaɪˈtʌm.nəs
'Clodianus'	ˌkloʊ.diˈeɪ.nəs
'Cocytus'	kɵˈsaɪ.təs		Named for ''Cocytus'', a mythical river of Hades.
'Cophen'	ˈkoʊ.fən
'Coprates'
'Corax'	ˈko.ɹæks
'Cyaneus'	saɪˈeɪ.ni.əs
'Cyclops'	ˈsaɪ.klɑps	Southern continuation of ''Galaxias'' canal, running from the junction of ''Cerberus'' and ''Eunostos'' to ''Mare Cimmerium''.	Named for the one.eyed monster ''Cyclops'' of Greek myth.
'Cydnus'	ˈsɪd.nəs
'Cyrus'	ˈsaɪ.ɹəs
'Daemon'	ˈdi.mən
'Daix'
'Daradax'
'Dardanus'	ˈdaɹ.də.nəs	E to W: connects ''Niliacus Lacus'' to ''Ceraunius'' canal.
'Dargamenes'
'Deuteronilus'	ˌdju.tə.ɹəˈnaɪ.ləs	E to W: connects ''Ismenius Lacus'' to ''Niliacus Lacus'' via ''Dirce Fons''.	Means 'Second Nile'.
'Digentia'	daɪˈdʒɛn.ʃə
'Dosaron'
'Drahonus'

E-F

'Elison'
'Eosphoros'	iˈɑs.fə.rɑs	NW to SE: connects ''Phoenicis Lacus'' to ''Solis Lacus''.	Means "bringer of dawn".
'Erannoboas'	ˌɛ.ɹəˈnɑ.boʊ.əs		A river of India.
'Erebus'	ˈɛ.ɹə.bəs		From ''Erebus'', a name for the Underworld.
'Erigone'	ɪˈɹɪ.gə.ni
'Erinaeus'	ˌɛ.ɹɪˈni.əs
'Erinnys'	ɪˈɹɪ.nɪs	E to W: connects the W end of ''Mare Sirenum'' to ''Titanum Sinus'' in ''Memnonia''.	From the mythical ''Erinyes''.
'Erymanthus'	ˌɛ.ɹɪˈmæn.θəs
'Eulaeus'	jʊˈli.əs
'Eumenides'	jʊˈmɛ.nə.diz	NW to SE: the SE continuation of ''Orcus'' canal, from ''Nodus Gordii'' to ''Phoenicis Lacus''.	From another name for the ''Erinyes''.
'Eunostos'	jʊˈnɑs.tɑs
'Euphrates'	jʊˈfɹeɪ.tiz	N to S: connects ''Sinus Sabaeus'' to ''Ismenius Lacus''.	From the river ''Euphrates'' in Mesopotamia, one of the four rivers of the Garden of Eden.
'Euripus'	jʊˈɹaɪ.pəs	SE to NW, connects ''Mare Tyrrhenum'' and ''Mare Hadriaticum'', running through ''Ausonia''.	After the strait between Euboea and Boeotia.
'Eurotas'	jʊˈɹoʊ.təs
'Eurymedon'	jʊˈɹɪ.mə.dɑn
'Eurypus'	ˈjʊ.ɹɪ.pəs
'Evenus'	ɪˈvi.nəs		aka ''Euenus'' [ jəˈwi.nəs ]
'Feuos'	ˈfju.ɑs		aka ''Fevos'' [ ˈfi.vɑs ]
'Fortunae'	fɔɹˈtju.ni		Means "of Fortune".

G-H

'Gaesus'	ˈdʒi.səs
'Galaesus'	gəˈli.səs
'Galaxias'	gəˈlæk.si.əs	N to S: from ''Anian'' to the junction of ''Cerberus'' and ''Eunostos'' S of ''Elysium''.
'Ganges'	ˈgæn.dʒiz	N to S: connects ''Lunae Lacus'' to ''Aurorae Sinus''.	From the ''Ganges'', a river of India.
'Ganymede'	ˈgæn.ə.mid		From Ganymede, the cupbearer of Zeus.
'Garrhuenus'
'Gehon'	ˈdʒi.ən	N to S: connects ''Mare Acidalium'' to the W end of ''Sinus Sabaeus''.	From ''Gihon'', one of the four rivers of Eden. Also spelled 'Gihon' [ ˈdʒaɪ.ən ] .
'Gigas'	ˈdʒaɪ.gəs	NE to SW: connects ''Ascraeus Lacus'' to ''Titanum Sinus'' via ''Lucus Maricae''.	From the mythical monsters called ''Gigantes''.
'Glaucus'	ˈglɔ.kəs
'Gorgon'	ˈgɔɹ.gən	Connects ''Mare Sirenum'' and the ''Eumenides'' canal near ''Nodus Gordii''.	From the mythical monster ''Gorgon''.
'Gyes'	ˈdʒaɪ.iz
'Gyndes'	ˈdʒɪn.diz		From a river flowing into the Tigris.
'Hades'	ˈheɪ.diz	N to S: connects ''Trivium Charontis'' and ''Propontis''.	From the Greek name for the Underworld and its ruling deity, ''Hades''.
'Halys'	heɪ.lɪs
'Harpasus'
'Hebe'	ˈhi.bi
'Hebrus'	ˈhi.bɹəs
'Heliconius'	ˌhɛ.lɪˈkoʊ.ni.əs	E to W: connects ''Sithonius Lacus'' to ''Copaïs Palus''.
'Helisson'	hɘˈlɪs.sɑn
'Hephaestus'	hɘˈfɛs.təs		From the god ''Hephaestus''.
'Heratemis'
'Hiddekel'	ˈhɪ.də.kəl	NE to SW: connects ''Ismenius Lacus'' to ''Fastigium Aryn'' at the western end of ''Sinus Sabaeus''.	From the Hebrew name for the ''Tigris'', a river of Mesopotamia and one of the four rivers of Eden.
'Hipparis'
'Hippus'	ˈhɪ.pəs
'Hyblaeus'	hɪbˈli.əs	NE to SW: connects ''Anian'' canal to ''Hephaestus'' canal.
'Hyctanis'
'Hydaspes'	haɪˈdæs.piz		From the Greek name for the ''Jhelum'' river of India.
'Hydraotes'	ˌhaɪ.dɹeɪˈoʊ.tiz	SE to NW; connects ''Margaritifer Sinus'' to ''Lunae Lacus''.	After the Greek name for the ''Ravi'' river of India.
'Hydriacus'
'Hylias'
'Hyllus'	ˈhɪ.ləs
'Hyphasis'
'Hypsas'	ˈhɪp.səs
'Hyscus'	ˈhɪs.kəs

I-M

'Idalius'	aɪˈdeɪ.li.əs
'Ilissus'	ɪˈlɪ.səs
'Indus'	ˈɪn.dəs	N to S: connects ''Niliacus Lacus'' to ''Margaritifer Sinus''.	From the ''Indus'', a river of India.
'Iris'	ˈaɪ.ɹɪs	N to S: connects ''Phoenicis Lacus'' to ''Ceraunius'' canal.	Named for the goddess of the rainbow ''Iris''.
'Isis'	ˈaɪ.sɪs		From the Egyptian goddess ''Isis''.
'Issedon'	ˈɪ.sɪ.dɑn
'Jamuna'	ˈdʒæ.mju.nə	N to S; connects ''Niliacus Lacus'' to ''Aurorae Sinus''.	From the ''Yamuna'' or ''Jumna'', a river of India.
'Jaxartes'	dʒækˈsɑɹ.tiz		From an old name for the Syr Darya, a river of Transoxiana.
'Jordanis'	dʒɔɹˈdeɪ.nɪs		From the river ''Jordan'' in the Holy Land.
'Kison'	ˈkaɪ.sɑn
'Labotas'
'Laestrygon'	lɛsˈtɹaɪ.gɑn	N to S: connects ''Trivium Charontis'' to ''Mare Cimmerium''.
'Leontes'	liˈɑn.tiz
'Lethes'	ˈli.θiz	N to S: connects ''Hephaestus'' canal to ''Syrtis Minor''.	From ''Lethe'', a mythical river of Hades.
'Liris'	ˈlaɪ.ɹɪs
'Maeander'	miˈæn.dɚ
'Magon'	ˈmeɪ.gɑn
'Malva'	ˈmæl.və
'Margus'	ˈmɑɹ.gəs
'Medus'	ˈmi.dəs
'Medusa'	mɪˈdju.sə		From the mythical monster ''Medusa''.
'Mogrus'	ˈmoʊ.gɹəs

N-O

'Nectar'	ˈnɛk.tɚ	Runs E from ''Solis Lacus'' to ''Nectaris Fons'' (near ''Protei Regio'') .	From ''nectar'', the legendary drink of the gods.
'Neda'	ˈni.də		A river of the Peloponnesus.
'Nepenthes'	nɪˈpɛn.θiz	NE to SW: from junction of ''Thoth'' and ''Triton'' canals to ''Syrtis Major'' via ''Lacus Moeris''.
'Nereides'	nɪˈɹi.ə.diz		From the nymphs called Nereids.
'Nestus'	ˈnɛs.təs		A river of Thrace.
'Neudrus'	ˈnju.dɹəs		A river of India.
'Nilokeras'	nɪˈlɑ.kə.ɹəs	E to W: connects ''Niliacus Lacus'' with ''Lunae Lacus''.	Means "horn of the Nile".
'Nilosyrtis'	ˌnɪ.ləˈsɝ.tɪs	A broad canal.like feature, running N from the tip of ''Syrtis Major'' to ''Coloë Palus''.
'Nilus'	ˈnaɪ.ləs		From the ''Nile'', the river of Egypt.
'Nymphaeus'	nɪmˈfi.əs		A river of Armenia.
'Oceanus'	ɵˈsi.ə.nəs		From ''Oceanus'', a mythical river surrounding the world and the Titan who shared its name.
'Ochus'	ˈoʊ.kəs		A river of Bactriana.
'Opharus'	ˈɑ.fə.rəs		A river of Sarmatia.
'Orcus'	ˈɔɹ.kəs	NW to SE: connects ''Trivium Charontis'' to ''Nodus Gordii'', where it turns into ''Eumenides'' canal.	From ''Orcus'', a synonym of Hades.
'Orontes'	ɵˈɹɑn.tiz	E to SW: connects ''Serbonis Palus'' to ''Sabaeus Sinus''.	From the ''Orontes'', a river of Syria.
'Orosines'
'Oxus'	ˈɑk.səs	NE to SW: connects the ''Deuteronilus'' and the ''Indus'' canals.	From an old name for the Amu Darya, a river of Central Asia.

P-R

'Pactolus'	pækˈtoʊ.ləs		From the river ''Pactolus'' in Anatolia.
'Padargus'	pəˈdɑɹ.gəs
'Palamnus'	pəˈlæm.nəs
'Parcae'	ˈpɑɹ.si
'Peneus'	piˈni.əs	Runs E.W through ''Hellas''.	From the ''Peneios'' river in the Peloponnesus of Greece.
'Permessus'	pɝˈmɛ.səs
'Pierius'	paɪˈɪ.ɹi.əs	E to W: connects ''Copaïs Palus'' and ''Arethusa Lacus''.
'Phasis'	ˈfeɪ.sɪs	N to S: connects ''Phoenicis Lacus'' and ''Aonius Sinus''.
'Phison'	ˈfaɪ.sən	N to S: connects ''Coloë Palus'' to ''Sinus Sabaeus''.	From ''Pishon'', one of the four rivers of Eden.
'Phlegethon'	ˈflɛ.dʒə.θɑn		From the ''Phlegethon'', a mythical river of Hades.
'Protonilus'	ˌpɹoʊ.təˈnaɪ.ləs	E to W: connects ''Coloë Palus'' and ''Ismenius Lacus''.	Means "first Nile".
'Psychrus'	ˈsaɪ.kɹəs
'Pyramus'	ˈpɪ.ɹə.məs	S from pole via ''Copaïs Palus'' to junction of ''Boreosyrtis'' and ''Cadmus'' canals.
'Pyriphlegethon'	ˌpaɪ.ɹɪˈflɛ.dʒə.θɑn	NW to SE: connecting ''Propontis'' and ''Lacus Phoenicis''.	From ''Pyriphlegethon'' ("fiery ''Phlegethon''") , a mythical river of Hades.
'Python'	ˈpaɪ.θɑn		From the monster ''Python'' which Apollo killed.
'Rha'	ˈɹeɪ		From a classical name for the river ''Volga''.
'Rhyndacus'	ˈɹɪn.də.kəs		From the name of a river in Anatolia.

S-X

'Scamander'	skəˈmæn.dɚ	S to N from ''Mare Chronium'' to ''Mare Cimmerium'', between ''Electris'' and ''Eridania''.	From the river Scamander in the Troad.
'Sesamus'	ˈsɛ.sə.məs		From a Paphlagonian river.
'Simoïs'	ˈsɪ.moʊ.ɪs	S to N from ''Mare Chronium'' to ''Mare Cimmerium'' between ''Phaëthontis'' and ''Electris''.	From the river Simoïs in the Troad.
'Sirenius'	saɪˈɹi.ni.əs	N to S: connects the ''Tanais'' canal near ''Nerigos'' with the E end of ''Mare Sirenum''.	Means "of the Sirens.
'Siris'	ˈsaɪ.ɹɪs		From an Italian river in Lucania.
'Sitacus'	ˈsɪ.tə.kəs	NE to SW: connects ''Coloë Palus'' to ''Fastigium Aryn''.	From the name of a river in Persis.
'Steropes'	ˈstɛ.ɹə.piz		From the name of a Cyclops.
'Styx'	ˈstɪks		From the mythical river ''Styx'' in Hades.
'Surius'	ˈsu.ri.əs		From a river of Colchis.
'Tanaïs'	ˈtæ.neɪ.ɪs		From ''Tanais'', an old name for the river ''Don'' in Sarmatia.
'Tantalus'	ˈtæn.tə.ləs		From ''Tantalus'', a mythical king imprisoned in Hades.
'Tartarus'	ˈtɑɹ.tə.ɹəs	N to S: connects ''Trivium Charontis'' to ''Titanum Sinus''.	From ''Tartarus'', a name for the Underworld.
'Tedanius'	tɪˈdeɪ.ni.əs		From an Illyrian river.
'Thermodon'	ˈθɝ.mə.dɑn
'Thoth'	ˈθɑθ		From the name of the Egyptian god ''Thoth''.
'Thyanis'	ˈθaɪ.ə.nɪs		Possibly an error for Thyamus, the name of a river of Epirus.
'Titan'	ˈtaɪ.tən		From the ''Titans'', the relatives and opponents of the gods.
'Tithonius'	tɪˈθoʊ.ni.əs
'Triton'	ˈtɹaɪ.tən	NW to SE: connects ''Nepenthes'' canal to the W end of ''Mare Cimmerium''.	From the sea.deity ''Triton''
'Tyndis'	ˈtɪn.dɪs
'Typhon'	ˈtaɪ.fɑn	E to W: connects ''Deltoton Sinus'' to ''Sirbonis Palus''.
'Typhonius'	taɪˈfoʊ.ni.əs
'Ulysses'	jʊˈlɪ.siz		From ''Ulysses'', the Roman name for Odysseus.
'Uranius'	jʊˈɹeɪ.ni.əs	E to W: connects ''Lunae Lacus'' to ''Ascraeus Lacus''.
'Xanthus'	ˈzæn.θəs	N to S: connects ''Mare Tyrrhenum'' to ''Promethei Sinus'', between ''Eridania'' and ''Ausonia''.	Means "yellow".
'Xenius'	ˈzi.ni.əs	NE to SW: connects ''Arethusa Lacus'' to ''Dirce Fons''.