LIST OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS

UN refugee camp in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.

UN peacekeeping missions, dark blue = current, light blue = former

This is a 'list of UN peacekeeping missions' since the United Nations was founded in 1945, with the dates of deployment, the name of the related conflict, and the name of the UN operation. ''Peacekeeping'', as defined by the United Nations, is a way to help countries torn by conflict create conditions for sustainable peace. UN peacekeepers—soldiers and military officers, civilian police officers and civilian personnel from many countries—monitor and observe peace processes that emerge in post-conflict situations and assist ex-combatants in implementing the peace agreements they have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development. All operations must include the resolution of conflicts through the use of force to be considered valid under the charter of the United Nations.
IDP camp in Sudan resulting from the Darfur conflict.

The Charter of the United Nations gives the Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations. Most of these operations are established and implemented by the United Nations itself with troops serving under UN operational command. In other cases, where direct UN involvement is not considered appropriate or feasible, the Council authorizes regional organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, the Economic Community of West African States or coalitions of willing countries to implement certain peacekeeping or peace enforcement functions.
In modern times, peacekeeping operations have evolved into many different functions, including diplomatic relations with other countries, international bodies of justice (such as the International Criminal Court), and eliminating problems such as landmines that can lead to new incidents of fighting.

Contents
Completed missions
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Middle East
Current deployment
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Middle East
See also
References

Completed missions


Africa

'Dates of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1960–1964United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC)CongoCongo Crisis[1]
1988–1991United Nations Angola Verification Mission I (UNAVEM I)AngolaAngolan Civil War[2]
1989–1990United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG)NamibiaNamibian War of Independence[3]
1991–1995United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II)AngolaAngolan Civil War[4]
1992–1994United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ)MozambiqueMozambican Civil War[5]
1992–1993United Nations Operation in Somalia I (UNOSOM I)SomaliaSomali Civil War[6]
1993–1997United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)LiberiaFirst Liberian Civil War[7]
1993–1994United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)RwandaRwandan genocide[8]
Uganda
1993–1996United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)RwandaRwandan genocide[9]
1993–1995United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II)SomaliaSomali Civil War[10]
1994United Nations Aouzou Strip Observer Group (UNASOG)ChadAouzou Strip dispute[11]
Libya
1995–1997United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVEM III)AngolaAngolan Civil War[12]
1997–1999United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA)AngolaAngolan Civil War[13]
1998–1999United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone (UNOMSIL)Sierra LeoneSierra Leone civil war[14]
1998–2000United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA)Central African RepublicCentral African Republic mutinies[15]
1999–2005United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)Sierra LeoneSierra Leone civil war[16]
2004–2006United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB)BurundiBurundi Civil War[17]

Americas

'Dates of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1965–1966Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic (DOMREP)Dominican RepublicOperation Power Pack[18]
1989–1992United Nations Observer Group in Central America (ONUCA)[#endnote_CA 1]Central AmericaNicaraguan Civil War[19]
1991–1995United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)El SalvadorEl Salvador Civil War[20]
1993–1996United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)Haiti1991 coup and military rule in Haiti[21]
1996–1997United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (UNSMIH)Haiti[22]
1997United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA)GuatemalaGuatemalan Civil War[23]
1997United Nations Transition Mission in Haiti (UNTMIH)HaitiTraining of the Haitian National Police[24]
1997–2000United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti (MIPONUH)HaitiTraining of the Haitian National Police[25]

1  Shown are the flags of the five countries in which ONUCA operated. They are in this order (sorted alphabetically): Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.
Asia

'Dates of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1962–1963United Nations Security Force in West New Guinea (UNSF)[#endnote_WP 1]West New GuineaIndonesian takeover of West New Guinea[26]
1965–1966United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM)IndiaIndo-Pakistani War of 1965[27]
Pakistan
1988–1990United Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan (UNGOMAP)AfghanistanSoviet invasion of Afghanistan[28]
Pakistan
1991–1992United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC)CambodiaVietnamese Occupation of Cambodia[29]
1992–1993United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)CambodiaVietnamese Occupation of Cambodia[30]
1994–2000United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT)TajikistanTajikistan Civil War[31]
1999United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET)[#endnote_ET 2]East TimorIndonesian invasion and occupation[32]
1999–2002The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET)[#endnote_ET 2]East TimorIndonesian invasion and occupation[33]
2002–2005 United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET)East TimorIndonesian invasion and occupation[34]

1  The first flag shown is that of the West Papua (West New Guinea), the country that had been arranged to succeed the Dutch colony. However, the Netherlands, whose flag is the second shown, was later forced to hand over the territory to Indonesia, whose flag is last.
2  Shown are the flags of the newly independent East Timor and its former occupier, Indonesia (in that order).
Europe

'Dates of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1992–1995United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)[#endnote_Yugo 1]Former YugoslaviaYugoslav wars[35]
1994–1996United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation (UNCRO)CroatiaCroatian War[36]
1995–2002United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH)Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnian War[37]
1995–1999United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP)Republic of MacedoniaAftermath of the Yugoslav wars[38]
1996–1998United Nations Transitional Authority in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (UNTAES)CroatiaCroatian War[39]
1996–2002United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP)[#endnote_Prev 2]Prevlaka PeninsulaPrevlaka territorial dispute[40]
1998United Nations Civilian Police Support Group (UNPSG)CroatiaCroatian War[41]

1  This mission operated within the current successor states to the Former Yugoslavia of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). The flags are shown in this order.
2  Prevlaka Peninsula was claimed by both Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and the flags are shown in this order. Upon resolution, all parties accepted Croatia's claim to the territory.
Middle East

'Dates of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1956–1967First United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I)
EgyptSuez Crisis, Six-Day War[42]
Israel
1958United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL)LebanonLebanon crisis of 1958[43]
1962–1964United Nations Yemen Observation Mission (UNYOM)YemenYemen Civil War (See also Yemen Arab Republic)[44]
1973–1979Second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II)
EgyptYom Kippur War[45]
Israel
1988–1991United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group (UNIIMOG)IranIran-Iraq War[46]
Iraq
1991–2003United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)IraqGulf War[47]
Kuwait

Current deployment


Africa

'Start of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1991United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)Western SaharaMoroccan occupation of Western Sahara[48]
1999United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)Democratic Republic of CongoSecond Congo War[49]
2000United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE)EritreaEritrean-Ethiopian War[50]
Ethiopia
2003United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)LiberiaSecond Liberian Civil War[51]
2004United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI)Côte d'IvoireCivil war in Côte d'Ivoire[52]
2005United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)SudanSecond Sudanese Civil War[53]
2007United Nations/African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID)SudanDarfur ConflictN/A

Americas

'Start of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
2004United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)Haiti2004 Haiti rebellion[54]

Asia

'Start of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1949United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)IndiaIndo-Pakistani Wars[55]
Pakistan
2006United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)East Timor2006 East Timor crisis[56]

Europe

'Start of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1964United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)[#endnote_Cyp 1]CyprusCyprus dispute[57]
1993United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)GeorgiaAbkhazian War[58]
1999United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)[#endnote_Kos 2]KosovoKosovo War[59]

1  The United Nations and all foreign governments but Turkey recognise the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus, whose flag is shown first, over the whole island of Cyprus. The second flag is that of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a ''de facto'' state, by virtue of controlling the northern third of the island, which is recognized only by Turkey and the Organization of the Islamic Conference.
2  There is no official flag of Kosovo. The top flag is the flag of Albania, favoured by the ethnic Albanian-dominated provisional institutions and the majority of Kosovo Albanians. The bottom flag is the flag of Serbia, used by Republic of Serbia which retains formal sovereignty pending the outcome of Final Status discussions. For more see Kosovo.
Middle East

'Start of operation' 'Name of Operation' 'Location' 'Conflict' 'Website'
1948United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
[#endnote_ME 1]		Middle East(Monitors the various ceasefires and assists UNDOF and UNIFIL)[60]
1974United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)[#endnote_GH 2]Golan HeightsAgreed withdrawal by Syrian and Israeli forces following the Yom Kippur War.[61]
1978United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)LebanonIsraeli invasion of Lebanon and 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict[62]

1  There is no officially recognized flag of the entire region of the Middle East. Shown is a map of the Middle East.
2  Various regions of the Golan Heights have been claimed by Israel, Lebanon, and Syria; all three flags are shown, in alphabetical order.

See also



★ List of countries where UN peacekeepers are currently deployed

★ Timeline of UN peacekeeping missions

References


:''See individual mission websites with their listing.''

★ UN peacekeeping website

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