LIST OF ASTRONOMERS

'Famous astronomers and astrophysicists' include:
__NOTOC__

Contents

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Y

Z

Others

Other scientists whose work had an impact on astronomy and astrophysics

Instrument makers, illustrators, etc.

References

See also

A

★ Marc Aaronson (USA, 1950 – 1987)

★ George Ogden Abell (USA, 1927 – 1983)

★ Antonio Abetti (Italy, 1846 – 1928)

★ Giorgio Abetti (Italy, 1882 – 1982)

★ Charles Greeley Abbot (USA, 1872 – 1973)

★ Charles Hitchcock Adams (USA, 1868 – 1951)

★ John Couch Adams (UK, 1819 – 1892)

★ Walter Sydney Adams (USA, 1876 – 1956)

★ Saul Adelman (USA, 1944 – )

★ Petrus Alphonsi (Spain) (Jewish Spanish) (1062-1110)

★ Agrippa (Greek, ''unknown'' ca. 92)

★ Paul Oswald Ahnert (Germany, 1897 – 1989)

★ Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs (Germany, 1912 – 1954)

★ George Biddell Airy, (England, 1801 – 1892)

★ Robert Aitken, (USA, 1864 – 1951)

★ Al Battani (Iraq, 850 – 929)

★ Albategnius ''(see Al-Batani)''

★ Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Russia, 1891 – 1952)

★ Albumasar (Persia 787 - 886)

★ George Alcock (UK, 1913 – 2000)

★ Harold Alden (USA, 1890 – 1964)

★ Hannes Alfvén (Sweden, 1908 – 1995)

★ Lawrence H. Aller (USA, 1913 – 2003)

★ Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi, (Persia, 903 – 986)

★ Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian, (Armenia, 1912 – 1996)

★ John August Anderson, (USA, 1876 – 1959)

★ Andronicus of Cyrrhus, (Greek, ''unknown'' ca. 100 BC)

★ Anders Jonas Ångström (Sweden, 1814 – 1874)

★ Eugène Michel Antoniadi (Greece, France, 1870 – 1944)

★ Petrus Apianus (Germany, 1495 – 1557)

★ François Arago (France, 1786 – 1853)

★ Sylvain Arend (Belgium, 1902 – 1992)

★ Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander (Germany, 1799 – 1875)

★ Aristarchus of Samos (Greek, circa 310 BC – circa 230 BC)

★ Christoph Arnold (Germany, 1650 – 1695)

★ Halton Christian Arp (USA, 1927 –)

★ Svante Arrhenius (Sweden, 1859 – 1927)

★ Arzachel (Muslim from Spain), (1028 – 1087)

★ Goryu Asada (Japan, 1734 –1799)

★ Giuseppe Asclepi (Italy, 1706 – 1776)

★ Joseph Ashbrook (USA, April 4 1918 – August 4 1980)

★ Arthur Auwers (Germany, 1838 – 1915)

★ Adrien Auzout (France, 1622 – 1691)

★ Aryabhata (India, 476)

B

★ Walter Baade (Germany, 1893 – 1960)

★ Harold D. Babcock (USA, 1882 – 1968)

★ Horace W. Babcock (USA, 1912 – 2003)

★ Oskar Backlund (Sweden, 1846 – 1916)

★ John N. Bahcall (USA, 1934 – 2005)

★ Benjamin Baillaud (France, 1848 – 1934)

★ Jean Sylvain Bailly (France, 1736 – 1793)

★ Francis Baily (UK, 1774 – 1844)

★ John Bainbridge (UK, 1582 – 1643)

★ John E. Baldwin (UK, 1934 – )

★ Sallie Baliunas (USA, 1953 – )

★ Zoltán Balog (Hungary,USA, 1972 – )

★ Benjamin Banneker (USA, 1731 – 1806)

★ Edward Emerson Barnard (USA, 1857 – 1923)

★ Johann Bayer (Germany, 1572 – 1625)

★ Antonín Bečvář (Slovakia, 1901 – 1965)

★ Wilhelm Beer (Germany, 1797 – 1850)

★ Sergei Ivanovich Belyavsky (Russia, 1883 – 1953)

★ Charles L. Bennett (USA, 1956- present)

★ Jocelyn Bell Burnell (Ireland, 1943 – )

★ Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (Germany, 1784 – 1846)

★ Wilhelm Freiherr von Biela (Austria, 1782 – 1856)

★ Ludwig Biermann (Germany, 1907 – 1986)

★ Wolf Bickel (Germany, [born] – [died])

★ Guillaume Bigourdan (France, 1851 – 1932)

★ Biruni (Persia 973 - 1048)

★ Adriaan Blaauw (Netherlands, 1914 – )

★ Nathaniel Bliss (UK, 1700 – 1764)

★ Johann Elert Bode (Germany, 1747 – 1826)

★ Alfred Bohrmann (Germany, 1904 – 2000)

★ Bart Bok (Netherlands, 1906 – 1983)

★ Charles Thomas Bolton (USA, 1943 – )

★ John Gatenby Bolton (UK, Australia, 1922 – 1993)

★ William Cranch Bond (USA, 1789 – 1859)

★ Alphonse Borrelly (France, 1842 – 1926)

★ Rudjer Boscovich (Dalmatia, 1711 – 1787)

★ Lewis Boss (USA, 1846 – 1912)

★ Alexis Bouvard (France, 1767 – 1843)

★ Rychard Bouwens (USA, 1972 – )

★ Edward (Ted) L. G. Bowell (USA, 1943 – )

★ Ira Sprague Bowen (USA, 1898 – 1973)

★ Louis Boyer (France)

★ Ronald N. Bracewell (Australia, USA, 1921 – )

★ James Bradley (England, 1693 – 1762)

★ Tycho Brahe (Denmark, 1546 – 1601)

★ John Alfred Brashear (USA, 1840 – 1920)

★ William Robert Brooks (USA, 1844 – 1922)

★ Theodor Brorsen (Denmark, 1819 – 1895)

★ Dirk Brouwer (Netherlands–USA, 1902 – 1966)

★ Ernest William Brown (UK, 1866 – 1938)

★ Michael (Mike) E. Brown (USA, 1965 – )

★ Hermann Alexander Brück (Germany, 1905 – 2000)

★ Ismael Bullialdus (France, 1605 – 1694)

★ James Steven Bullock (USA, 1972 – )

★ Margaret Burbidge (UK, 1919 – )

★ Robert Burnham, Jr. (USA, 1931 – 1993)

★ Sherburne Wesley Burnham (1838 – 1921)

★ Schelte J. Bus (USA)

C

★ William Wallace Campbell (USA, 1862 – 1938)

★ Annie Jump Cannon (USA, 1863 – 1941)

★ Luigi Carnera (Italy, 1875 – 1962)

★ Edwin Francis Carpenter (USA, 1898 – 1963)

★ James Carpenter (UK, 1840 – 1899)

★ Richard Christopher Carrington (UK, 1826 – 1875)

★ Sir John Carroll (UK, 1899 – 1974)

★ César-François Cassini de Thury (France, 1714 – 1784)

★ Dominique, comte de Cassini (France, 1748 – 1845)

★ Giovanni Domenico Cassini a.k.a. Jean-Dominique Cassini (France, 1625 – 1712)

★ Jacques Cassini (France, 1677 – 1756)

★ Bonaventura Cavalieri (Italy, 1598 – 1647)

★ Anders Celsius, (1701 – 1744)

★ Vincenzo Cerulli, (Italy, 1859 – 1927)

★ Jean Chacornac (France, 1823 – 1873)

★ James Challis (UK, 1803 – 1882)

★ Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (India, USA, 1910 – 1995)

★ Carl Charlier (Sweden, 1862 – 1934)

★ Auguste Charlois (France, 1864 – 1910)

★ Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Russia?, Ukraine)

★ Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (Russia, Ukraine, 1931 – )

★ James Christy (USA, 1938 – )

★ Edwin Foster Coddington (USA, 1870 – 1950)

★ Jérôme Eugène Coggia (France, 1849 – 1919)

★ Josep Comas Solá (Spain)

★ Andrew Ainslie Common (UK, 1841 – 1903)

★ Guy Consolmagno (USA, 1952 – )

★ E. J. Cooper (Ireland, 1798 – 1863)

★ Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 – 1543)

★ Corsono Carsono (Spain)

★ Pablo Cottenot (France)

★ Heather Couper (UK, 1949 – )

★ Arthur Edwin Covington (Canada, 1914 – 2001)

★ Philip Herbert Cowell (UK, 1870 – 1949)

★ Thomas George Cowling (UK, 1906 – 1990)

★ Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin (UK, 1865 – 1939)

★ Heber Doust Curtis (USA, 1872 – 1942)

D

★ Jacques Eugène d'Allonville (France, 1671 – 1732)

★ Andre Louis Danjon (France, 1890 – 1967)

★ Heinrich d'Arrest (Germany, 1822 – 1875)

★ George Howard Darwin (UK, 1845 – 1912)

★ Roger Davies (UK, 1954- )

★ William Rutter Dawes (UK, 1799 – 1868)

★ Bernard Dawson (Argentina, 1890 – 1960)

★ Leo de Ball (Germany, Austria, 1853 – 1916)

★ Henri Debehogne (Belgium)

★ Annibale de Gasparis (Italy, 1819 – 1892)

★ Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (France, 1749 – 1822)

★ Charles-Eugène Delaunay (France, 1816 – 1872)

★ Eugène Joseph Delporte (Belgium, 1882 – 1955)

★ Audrey Delsanti

★ William Frederick Denning (UK, 1848 – 1931)

★ Alíz Derekas (Hungary, 1977 – )

★ Willem de Sitter (Netherlands, 1872 – 1934)

★ Henri-Alexandre Deslandres (France, 1853 – 1948)

★ Alexander Nikolaevich Deutsch (Russia)

★ Gérard de Vaucouleurs (France, USA, 1918 – 1995)

★ Tim de Zeeuw (Netherlands, 1956 – )

★ Robert Dicke (USA, 1916 – 1997)

★ Terence Dickinson, (Canada), astronomer and author

★ Thomas Digges (England, 1546 – 1595)

★ Herbert Dingle (USA, 1890 – 1978)

★ Andrea Di Paola (Italy)

★ Ewine van Dishoeck (Netherlands, 1955 – )

★ John Lowry Dobson (1915 – )

★ Franjo Dominko, (Slovenia, 1903 – 1987)

★ Giovanni Battista Donati, (Italy, 1826 – 1873)

★ Frank Drake (USA, 1930 – )

★ Henry Draper (USA, 1837 – 1882)

★ John Dreyer (Ireland, 1852 – 1926)

★ Alexander D. Dubyago (Russia), 1903 – 1959)

★ Dmitrij I. Dubyago (Russia), 1850 – 1918)

★ Jean C. B. Dufay (France, 1896 – 1967)

★ Raymond Smith Dugan (USA, 1878 – 1940)

★ Frank Watson Dyson (UK, 1868 – 1939)

E

★ Arthur Eddington (England, 1882 – 1944)

★ Frank K. Edmondson, (USA), (born 1912)

★ Olin J. Eggen (USA, 1919 – 1998)

★ Eise Eisinga (Netherlands, 1744 – 1828)

★ Eric Elst (Belgium)

★ Johann Franz Encke (Germany, 1791 – 1865)

★ Eratosthenes (Alexandria, 276 BC – 194 BC)

★ Emil Ernst (Ph.D. Germany)

★ Ernest Esclangon, (France, 1876 – 1954)

★ Larry W. Esposito (USA)

★ Eudoxus (Cnidus, circa 408 BC – circa 347 BC)

F

★ David Fabricius (Netherlands, 1564 – 1617)

★ Sandra M. Faber (USA, 1945-)

★ Johannes Fabricius (Netherlands, 1587 – 1615)

★ Hervé Faye (1814 – 1902)

★ Charles Fehrenbach (France, 1914 – )

★ Farghani (Persia, d. after 861)

★ James Ferguson (USA, 1797 – 1867)

★ Erwin Finlay-Freundlich (1885 – 1964)

★ Axel Firsoff (UK, 1910 – 1981)

★ J. Richard Fisher

★ Camille Flammarion (France, 1842 – 1925)

★ Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (France, 1867 – 1962)

★ John Flamsteed, (England, 1646 – 1719)

★ Honoré Flaugergues (France, 1755 – 1835)

★ Williamina Fleming (USA, 1857 – 1911)

★ Wilhelm Julius Foerster (Germany, 1832 – 1921)

★ Alfred Fowler (UK, 1868 – 1940)

★ William Alfred Fowler (USA, 1911 – 1995)

★ Philip Fox (USA, 1878 – 1944)

★ Herbert Friedman (USA, 1916 – 2000 )

★ Dirk D. Frimout, (Belgium, 1941 – ), engineer and cosmonaut

★ Edwin Brant Frost (USA, 1866 – 1935)

G

★ Bryan Gaensler (Australia)

★ Gan De (China, fl. 4th century BC)

★ Galileo Galilei (Italy, 1564 – 1642)

★ Julio Garavito Armero

★ Gautama Siddha (China, fl. 8th century AD)

★ Johann Gottfried Galle (Germany, 1812 – 1910)

★ George Gamow (Russia, USA, 1904 – 1968)

★ Carl Friedrich Gauss (Germany, 1777 – 1855)

★ Tom Gehrels (Netherlands, USA, 1925 – )

★ Andrea Ghez (USA)

★ Riccardo Giacconi (Italy, 1931 – )

★ Michel Giacobini (France, 1873 – 1938)

★ Henry Lee Giclas (USA)

★ David Gill (UK, 1843 – 1914)

★ Thomas Gold (USA, 1920 – 2004)

★ Leo Goldberg (USA, 1913 – 1987)

★ Peter Goldreich (USA, 1939 – )

★ Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (Germany, 1802 – 1866)

★ Paul Goldsmith (USA, 1948 – )

★ François Gonnessiat (France, 1856 – 1934)

★ John Goodricke (UK, 1764 – 1786)

★ Abu Sa'id Gorgani (Persia, 9th century)

★ Paul Götz (Germany)

★ Benjamin Apthorp Gould (USA, 1824 – 1896)

★ Andrew Graham (Ireland, 1815 – 1907)

★ Charles Green (England, 1735 – 1771)

★ Jesse Greenstein (USA, 1909 – 2002)

★ Jay U. Gunter, (United States, 1911 - 1994)

★ Bengt Gustafsson, (Sweden, 1943 – )

★ Guo Shoujing (China, 1231 – 1316)

★ Alan Harvey Guth (USA, 1947 – )

H

★ Yusuke Hagihara (Japan, 1897 –1979)

★ George Ellery Hale (USA, 1868 – 1938)

★ Asaph Hall (USA, 1829 – 1907)

★ Edmond Halley (England, 1656 – 1742)

★ Peter Andreas Hansen (December 8, 1795 – March 28 1874)

★ Abulfazl Harawi (Persia, 10th century)

★ Karl Ludwig Harding (Germany, 1765 – 1834)

★ Thomas Hariot (UK, 1560 – 1621)

★ Guillermo Haro (Mexico, 1913 – 1988)

★ Robert G. Harrington (USA)

★ Robert Sutton Harrington (USA, 1942 – 1993)

★ Edward Robert Harrison (UK/USA, 1917 – )

★ William Kenneth Hartmann (USA, 1939 – )

★ Stephen Hawking (UK, 1942 – )

★ Will Hay (UK, 1888 - 1949)

★ John Frederick Heard (Canada, 1907 - 1976)

★ Otto Hermann Leopold Heckmann (Germany, 1901 – 1983)

★ Joseph Helffrich (Germany, 1872 - ?)

★ Eleanor Helin (USA)

★ Maximilian Hell (Austria-Hungary, 1720 – 1792)

★ Karl Ludwig Hencke (Germany, 1793 – 1866)

★ Thomas Henderson (Scotland, 1798 – 1844)

★ Paul Henry (France, 1848 – 1905)

★ Prosper Henry (France, 1849 – 1903)

★ Abraham bar Hiyya (Spanish jewish), (1070-1136)

★ George Howard Herbig (USA, 1920 – )

★ Caroline Herschel (UK, 1750 – 1848)

★ John Herschel (UK, 1792 – 1871)

★ William Herschel (UK, 1738 – 1822)

★ Ejnar Hertzsprung (Denmark, 1873 – 1967)

★ Johannes Hevelius (1611 – 1687)

★ Antony Hewish (UK, 1924 – )

★ George William Hill (USA, 1838 – 1914)

★ John Russell Hind (UK, 1823 – 1895)

★ Frederick Hinkle (UK, – )

★ Hipparchus (Nicaea, circa 190 BC – 120 BC)

★ Kiyotsugu Hirayama (Japan, 1874 – 1943)

★ Shin Hirayama (Japan, 1868 – 1945)

★ Gustave-Adolphe Hirn (France, 1815 – 1890)

★ Cuno Hoffmeister (Germany, 1892 – 1968)

★ Dorrit Hoffleit (USA, 1907 – )

★ Helen Sawyer Hogg (Canada, 1905 – 1993)

★ Minoru Honda (Japan, 1917 –1990)

★ Jeremiah Horrocks (UK, c1619 – 1641)

★ Fred Hoyle (UK, 1915 – 2001)

★ Edwin Powell Hubble (USA, 1889 – 1953)

★ William Huggins (UK, 1824 – 1910)

★ Russell Alan Hulse (USA, 1950 – )

★ Milton Lasell Humason (USA, 1891 – 1972)

★ Christiaan Huygens (Netherlands, 1629 – 1695)

★ Josef Allen Hynek (USA, 1910 – 1986)

I

★ I Sin (China, 683 – 727)

★ Icko Iben, Jr. (1931 – )

★ Kaoru Ikeya (Japan)

★ Nokidi Iamsure (Japan, 1947 – )

★ Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes (Scotland, South Africa, 1861 – 1933)

★ Leah Hassett (USA, 1475, – 1547

J

★ Cyril V. Jackson (South Africa)

★ Karl Guthe Jansky (USA, 1905 – 1950)

★ Pierre Jules César Janssen (France, 1824 – 1907)

★ James Jeans (UK,1877 – 1946)

★ Benjamin Jekhowsky (Russia, France, Algeria, 1881 – ?)

★ Louise Freeland Jenkins (USA, 1888 – 1970)

★ David Jewitt

★ Jiao Bingzhen (China, 1689 – 1726)

★ Alfred Harrison Joy (USA, 1882 – 1973)

K

★ Franz Kaiser (Germany, 1891 – 1962)

★ Jacobus Kapteyn (Netherlands, 1851 – 1922)

★ Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (Ukraine)

★ Ghiyath al-Kashi (Persia, 1380 - 1429)

★ James Edward Keeler (USA, 1857 – 1900)

★ Muraoka Kenji, (Japan, 1955 – )

★ Johannes Kepler (Germany, 1571 – 1630)

★ Omar Khayyám (Persia, 1048 – 1131)

★ Al-Khujandi (Persia, 10th century)

★ Khwarizmi, (Persia, 780 – 850)

★ Kidinnu (Babylon, 4th century BC ; d. 330 BC?)

★ Hisashi Kimura (Japan, 1870 –1943)

★ Daniel Kirkwood (1814 – 1895)

★ Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Klinkerfues (Germany, 1827 – 1884)

★ Viktor Knorre (Russia, 1840 – 1919)

★ Takao Kobayashi (Japan)

★ Luboš Kohoutek (1935 – )

★ Yuri B. Kolesnik (Russia, 1942 – )

★ Zdeněk Kopal (Czech Republic, UK, USA, 1914 – 1993)

★ August Kopff (Germany, 1882 – 1960)

★ Korado Korlević (Croatia)

★ Savvas Michael Koushiappas (Cyprus, 1972 – )

★ Charles T. Kowal (USA, 1940 – )

★ Robert Kraft

★ Ľubor Kresák (Slovakia, 1927 – 1994)

★ Gerard Kuiper (Netherlands, USA, 1905 – 1973)

★ Yoshio Kushida (Japan, 1957 – )

L

★ Nicolas Louis de Lacaille (France, 1713 – 1762)

★ Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist (Sweden)

★ Joseph-Louis Lagrange (France, 1736 – 1813)

★ Jérôme Lalande (France, 1732 – 1807)

★ Johann Heinrich Lambert (France, Germany, 1728 – 1777)

★ Samuel Pierpont Langley (USA, 1834 – 1906)

★ Pierre-Simon Laplace (France, 1749 – 1827)

★ William Lassell (UK, 1799 – 1880)

★ A. Laurent (France)

★ Henrietta Swan Leavitt (USA, 1868 – 1921)

★ Typhoon Lee (USA and Taiwan)

★ Guillaume Le Gentil (France, 1725 – 1792)

★ Georges Lemaître (Belgium, 1894 – 1966)

★ Pierre Lemonnier (France, 1715 – 1799)

★ Armin Leuschner (Germany, 1868 – 1953)

★ Urbain Le Verrier (France, 1811 – 1877)

★ David Levy (USA)

★ Li Fan (China, fl. 1st century AD)

★ Bertil Lindblad (Sweden, 1895 – 1965)

★ Adolph Friedrich Lindemann (Germany/UK, 1846 – 1927)

★ Chris Lintott (United Kingdom, 1980 – )

★ Joseph Johann Littrow (Austria, 1781 – 1840)

★ Karl L. Littrow (Austria, 1811 – 1877)

★ Liu Xin (China, fl. 1st century AD)

★ Joseph Lockyer (UK, 1836 – 1920)

★ Maurice Loewy (Austria/France, 1833 – 1907)

★ Christian Sørensen Longomontanus (Denmark, 1562 – 1647)

★ Percival Lowell (USA, 1855 – 1916)

★ Àngel López (Spain)

★ Álvaro López-García (Spain)

★ John William Lubbock (UK, 1803 – 1865)

★ Knut Lundmark (Sweden, 1889 – 1958)

★ Robert Luther (Germany, 1822 – 1900)

★ Lupitus of Barcelona (Spain)

★ Jane Luu (South Vietnam, USA 1965 – )

★ Willem Luyten (Dutch East Indies, Netherlands, 1899 – 1994)

★ Donald Lynden-Bell (UK, 1935 – )

★ Bernard Lyot (France, 1897 – 1952)

M

★ Ma Yize (China, 910 – 1005)

★ Adriaan van Maanen (USA, 1884 – 1946)

★ George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 – 1764)

★ Geoff Marcy (UK, USA, 1954 – )

★ Simon Marius (Germany, 1573 – 1624)

★ Brian Marsden (USA, 1937 – )

★ Albert Marth (Germany, 1828 – 1897)

★ Nevil Maskelyne (UK, 1732 – 1811)

★ Charles Mason (UK, USA, 1730 – 1787)

★ Janet Akyüz Mattei (Turkey/USA, 1943 – 2004)

★ Edward Walter Maunder (UK, 1851 – 1928)

★ Pierre Louis Maupertuis (France, 1698 – 1759)

★ Alain Maury (France)

★ Brian May (UK, 1947 – ) astronomer and musician

★ Cornell Mayer (USA, 1922 – 2005)

★ Tobias Mayer (Germany, 1723 – 1762)

★ Christopher McKee (USA, 1942 – )

★ Robert S. McMillan (USA)

★ William H. McCrea (UK, 1904 – 1999)

★ Bruce A. McIntosh (Canada, 1929 – )

★ Pierre Méchain (France, 1744 – 1804)

★ Thebe Medupe (South Africa)

★ Karen Jean Meech (USA)

★ Aden Baker Meinel (USA, 1922 – )

★ Fulvio Melia (USA, 1956 – )

★ Philibert Jacques Melotte (UK, 1880 – 1961)

★ Paul Willard Merrill (USA, 1887 – 1961)

★ Charles Messier (France, 1730 – 1817)

★ Joel Hastings Metcalf (USA, 1866 – 1925)

★ Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos (USA, 1947 – 1997)

★ John Michell (UK, 1724 – 1793)

★ Elia Millosevich (Italy, 1848 – 1919)

★ Dan Milosavljevic

★ Edward Arthur Milne (UK, 1896 – 1950)

★ Rudolph Minkowski (Germany, 1895 – 1976)

★ Marcel Gilles Jozef Minnaert (Belgium, Netherlands, 1893 – 1970)

★ Maria Mitchell (USA, 1818 – 1889)

★ August Ferdinand Möbius (Germany, 1790 – 1868)

★ Johan Maurits Mohr (Netherlands, 1716 – 1775)

★ Samuel Molyneux (UK, 1689 – 1728 astronomer and politician)

★ Geminiano Montanari (Italy, 1633 – 1687)

★ Patrick Moore (UK, 1923 – )

★ William Wilson Morgan (USA, 1906 – 1994)

★ Amédée Mouchez (France, 1821 – 1892)

★ Antonín Mrkos (Czech Republic, 1918 – 1996)

★ Jean Mueller (USA, 1950 – )

★ Johannes Müller (Germany, 1436 – 1476)

★ bin Musa, Ahmad, (Persia, 805 - 873)

★ bin Musa, Hasan, (Persia, 810 - 873)

★ bin Musa, Muhammad, (Persia, (800 - 873)

★ Nils Mustelin (Finland, 1931 – 2004)

N

★ Naburimannu (Babylonia, sometime between 6th century BC and 2nd century BC)

★ Ahmad Nahavandi (Persia, 7th-8th century)

★ Syuichi Nakano (Japan)

★ Naubakht (Persia, d. 776)

★ Al-fadl ibn Naubakht (Persia, 8th century)

★ Ignace Naudts (Belgium, 20C) amateur astronomer

★ Gerry Neugebauer (Germany, USA, 1932 – )

★ Otto Neugebauer (Germany, USA, 1899 – 1990)

★ Grigoriy Nikolaevich Neujmin (Russia, 1886 – 1946)

★ Simon Newcomb (USA, 1835 – 1909)

★ Isaac Newton (UK, 1643 – 1727)

★ Seth Barnes Nicholson (USA, 1891 – 1963)

★ Albertus Antonie Nijland (Netherlands, 1868 – 1936)

★ Peter Nilson (Sweden, 1937 – 1998)

★ Houei Nojiri (Japan, 1885 – 1977) astronomer and essayist

★ Jaime Nomen (Spain)

O

★ Tarmo Oja (Sweden)

★ Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers (Germany, 1758 – 1840)

★ Gerard O'Neill (USA,1927 – 1992)

★ Jan Hendrik Oort (Netherlands, 1900 – 1992)

★ Pieter Oosterhoff (Netherlands, 1904 – 1978)

★ Friedrich Wilhelm Opelt (Germany, 1794 – 1863)

★ Ernst Öpik (Estonia, Ireland, 1893 – 1985)

★ José Luis Ortiz Moreno (Spain)

★ Donald Edward Osterbrock, USA, 1924 – )

★ Liisi Oterma (Finland, 1915 – 2001)

★ Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (Netherlands, 1827 – 1906)

P

★ Rafael Pacheco (Spain)

★ Bohdan Paczynski, (Poland, 1940 – 2007)

★ Ľudmila Pajdušáková (Slovakia, 1916 – 1979)

★ Johann Palisa, (Austria, 1848 – 1925)

★ Johann Palitzsch, (Germany, 1723 – 1788)

★ Anton Pannekoek (Netherlands, 1873 – 1960)

★ Eugene Parker (USA, 1927 – )

★ George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield (UK, c. 1697 – 1764)

★ William Parsons, Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 – 1867)

★ André Patry (France, 1902 – 1960)

★ Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (UK, USA, 1900 – 1979)

★ James Peebles (Canada, USA, 1935 – )

★ Leslie Copus Peltier (USA, 1900 – 1980)

★ Roger Penrose (UK, 1931 – )

★ Arno Penzias (Germany, 1933 – )

★ Charles Dillon Perrine (USA, Argentina, 1867 – 1951)

★ Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin (France, 1845 – 1904)

★ Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (Germany, USA, 1813 – 1890)

★ George Henry Peters (USA, 1863 – 1947)

★ Erik V. Petersen (Denmark, 1911 – )

★ Giuseppe Piazzi (Italy, 1746 – 1826)

★ Edward Charles Pickering (USA, 1846 – 1919)

★ William Henry Pickering (USA, 1858 – 1938)

★ Maynard Pittendreigh (USA, 1954 – )

★ Philip Plait (USA)

★ Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana (Italy, 1781 – 1864)

★ Petrus Plancius (Netherlands, 1552 – 1622)

★ John Stanley Plaskett (Canada, 1865 – 1941)

★ Norman Robert Pogson, (UK, 1829 – 1891)

★ Christian Pollas, (France)

★ John Pond (England, 1767 – 1836)

★ Jean-Louis Pons (France, 1761 – 1831)

★ Vladimír Porubčan (Slovakia, 1940 – )

★ Charles Pritchard (UK, 1808 – 1893)

★ Richard Proctor (England, 1837 – 1888)

★ Ptolemy of Alexandria (Roman Egypt, circa 85 – 165)

★ Pierre Puiseux (France, 1855 – 1928)

★ Georg Purbach (Germany, 1423 – 1461)

★ Pythagoras of Samos, circa 580 BC – 500 BC)

Q

★ Adolphe Quetelet (Belgium, 1796 – 1874)

R

★ Radhagobinda Chandra

★ David Lincoln Rabinowitz (USA, 1960 – )

★ Samuel Ramsden (UK)

★ Pavla Ranzinger (Slovenia)

★ Grote Reber (USA, 1911 – 2002)

★ Martin Rees (UK, 1942 – )

★ Regiomontanus (Johannes Müller) (Germany, 1436 – 1476)

★ Erasmus Reinhold (Prussia, Germany, 1511 – 1553)

★ Karl Reinmuth (Germany, 1892 – 1979)

★ Giovanni Battista Riccioli (Italy, 1598 – 1671)

★ Jean Richer (France, 1630 – 1696)

★ Fernand Rigaux (Belgium)

★ David Rittenhouse (USA, 1732 – 1796)

★ Arjen Roelofs (Netherlands, 1754 – 1824)

★ Elizabeth Roemer (USA, 1929 – )

★ Jim Rolff (United States , 1983 – )

★ Ole Christensen Rømer (Denmark, 1644 – 1710)

★ Otto A. Rosenberger (Germany, 1800 – 1890)

★ Lord Rosse (Ireland, 1800 – 1867)

★ Bruno Rossi (Italy, 1905 – 1993)

★ Vera Rubin (USA, 1928 – )

★ Henry Norris Russell (USA, 1877 – 1957)

★ Martin Ryle (UK, 1918 – 1984)

S

★ Sir Edward Sabine (Ireland, 1788 – 1883)

★ Carl Edward Sagan (USA, 1934 – 1996)

★ Edwin Ernest Salpeter (Austria, Australia, USA, 1924 – )

★ Allan Rex Sandage (USA, 1926 – )

★ Wallace Leslie William Sargent (UK, USA, 1935 – m. to Anneila Sargent)

★ Anneila Sargent (UK, USA, 1942 – m. to Wallace Leslie William Sargent)

★ Alexandre Schaumasse (France, 1882 – 1958)

★ Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (Italy, 1835 – 1910)

★ Frank Schlesinger (USA, 1871 – 1943)

★ Bernhard Schmidt (Estonia, Sweden, Germany, 1879 – 1935)

★ Maarten Schmidt (Netherlands, 1929 – )

★ Johann Hieronymus Schröter (Germany, 1745 – 1816)

★ Lipót Schulhof (Hungary, 1847 – 1921)

★ Heinrich Christian Schumacher (Germany, 1780 – 1850)

★ Hans-Emil Schuster (Germany, 1934 – )

★ Samuel Heinrich Schwabe (Germany, 1789 – 1875)

★ Karl Schwarzschild (Germany, 1873 – 1916)

★ Martin Schwarzschild (Germany, USA, 1912 – 1997)

★ Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann (Germany, 1870 – 1964)

★ Ruby Payne Scott (Australia, 1912 – 1981)

★ James Vernon Scotti (USA, 1960 – )

★ Frederick Hanley Seares (USA, 1873 – 1964)

★ George Mary Searle (USA, 1839 – 1918)

★ Angelo Secchi (Italy, 1818 – 1878)

★ Waltraut Seitter (Germany)

★ Tsutomu Seki (Japan, 1930 – )

★ Carl Keenan Seyfert (USA, 1911 – 1960)

★ Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Russia, 1892 – 1956)

★ Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn (Russia, 1894 – 1956)

★ Harlow Shapley (USA, 1885 – 1972)

★ Richard Sheepshanks (UK, 1794 – 1855)

★ Shen Kuo, China, 1031 – 1035

★ Shi Shen (China, fl. 4th century BC)

★ Qutb eddin Shirazi (Persia, 1236 – 1311)

★ Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Russia, 1916 – 1985)

★ Willebrord Snel van Royen (Snellius) (Netherlands, 1580 – 1626)

★ Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (USA, 1929 – )

★ Eugene Merle Shoemaker (USA, 1928 – 1997)

★ Charlotte Moore Sitterly (USA, 1898 – 1990)

★ Brian A. Skiff (USA)

★ John Francis Skjellerup (Australia, South Africa, 1875 – 1952)

★ Charles D. Slaughter (USA)

★ Vesto Melvin Slipher (USA, 1875 – 1969)

★ Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Russia, 1918 – )

★ William Henry Smyth (UK, 1788 – 1865)

★ Nina A. Solovaya (Russia, 1940 – )

★ Mary Fairfax Somerville (UK, 1780 – 1872)

★ Sir James South (UK, (1785 – 1867)

★ Sir Harold Spencer Jones (UK, 1890 – 1960)

★ Lyman Spitzer (USA, 1914 – 1997)

★ Friederich Wilhelm Gustav Spörer (Germany, 1822 – 1895)

★ Link Starbureiy, (USA)

★ Anton Staus (Germany, 1872 – 1955)

★ Joel Stebbins, (USA, 1878 – 1966)

★ Johan Stein, (Netherlands, 1871 – 1951)

★ Karl August von Steinheil, (Germany, 1801 – 1870)

★ Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan, (France, 1837 – 1923)

★ David J. Stevenson, (New Zealand, 1948 – )

★ Edward James Stone, (1831 – 1897)

★ F.J.M. Stratton (UK, 1881 – 1960)

★ Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren, (Denmark, 1908 – 1987)

★ Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (von) Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 – 1864)

★ Karl Hermann Struve (Russia, Germany, 1854 – 1920)

★ Gustav Wilhelm Ludwig Struve (Russia, 1858 – 1920)

★ Otto Struve (Russia, USA, 1897 – 1963)

★ Otto Wilhelm (von) Struve (Russia, 1819 – 1905)

★ Su Song (China, 1020 – 1101)

★ Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi (Persia, 903 – 986)

★ Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Uzbekistan Russia Germany, 1943 – )

★ Lewis A. Swift (USA, 1820 – 1913)

★ Frédéric Sy (France)

T

★ Atsushi Takahashi (Japan)

★ Gonzalo Tancredi (Uruguay, 1963 – )

★ Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (USA, 1941 – )

★ Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel, (Germany, 1821 – 1889)

★ Thabit ibn Qurra (Iraq, 826 – 901)

★ Thorvald Nicolai Thiele (Denmark, 1838 – 1910)

★ Norman G. Thomas (USA)

★ John Thome ((USA, Argentina, 1843 – 1908)

★ Kip Stephen Thorne (USA, 1940 – )

★ Friedrich Tietjen (Germany, 1834 – 1895)

★ Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (USA, 1941 – 1981)

★ François Félix Tisserand (France, 1845 – 1896)

★ Johann Daniel Titius (Germany, 1729 – 1796)

★ Clyde W. Tombaugh (USA, 1906 – 1997)

★ Richard Tousey (USA, 1908 – 1997)

★ Virginia Trimble (USA)

★ Chad Trujillo (USA, 1973 – )

★ Robert Julius Trumpler (USA, 1886 – 1956)

★ R. Brent Tully (USA)

★ Herbert Hall Turner (England, 1861 – 1930)

★ Nasir al-Din Tusi (Persia, 1201 – 1274)

★ Horace Parnell Tuttle (USA, 1839 – 1923)

U

★ Ulugh Beg (Persia, 1394 – 1449)

★ Antonio de Ulloa (Spain), (1716-1795)

★ Albrecht Unsöld (Germany, 1905 – 1995)

★ Mu’ayyad al-Din al-’Urdi (worked in Maragha observatory, Persia d. 1266}

V

★ Yrjö Väisälä (Finland, 1891 – 1971)

★ Benjamin Valz (France, 1787 – 1867)

★ James Van Allen (USA, 1914 – 2006)

★ George Van Biesbroeck (Belgium, USA, 1880 – 1974)

★ Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst (Netherlands, 1918 – 2000)

★ Peter van de Kamp (USA, 1901 – 1995)

★ Sidney van den Bergh (Canada, 1929 – )

★ Martin van den Hove (Netherlands, 1605 – 1639)

★ Hendricus Gerardus van de Sande Bakhuyzen (Netherlands, 1838 – 1923)

★ Hendrik Van Gent (Netherlands, South Africa, (1900 – March 29, 1947)

★ Cornelis Johannes van Houten (Netherlands, 1920 – August 24 2002)

★ Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld (Netherlands)

★ Pieter Johannes van Rhijn (Netherlands, 1886 – August 24 1960)

★ Zdeňka Vávrová (Czech Republic or Slovakia)

★ Philippe Véron (France, 1939 – )

★ Frank Washington Very (USA, 1852 – 1927)

★ Yvon Villarceau (France, 1813 – 1883)

★ Julie Vinter Hansen (Denmark), 1890 – 1960)

★ Hermann Carl Vogel (Germany, 1841 – 1907)

★ Joseph von Fraunhofer (Germany, 1787 – 1826)

★ Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Germany, Russia, 1793 – 1864)

★ Otto Wilhelm von Struve (Russia, 1819 – 1905)

★ Karl von Weizsäcker (Germany, 1912 – 2007)

★ Alexander N. Vyssotsky (Russia USA, 1888 – 1973 )

★ Emma Vyssotsky (USA, 1894 – 1975)

W

★ Arno Arthur Wachmann (Germany, 1902 – 1990)

★ Abul Wáfa (Persia, 940 – 997-8)

★ Walcher of Malvern (England, d. 1135)

★ George Wallerstein (1930 – )

★ Qingde Wang (USA, China)

★ James Craig Watson (USA, 1838 – 1880)

★ Thomas William Webb (UK, 1807 – 1885)

★ Risa H. Wechsler (USA, 1975 – )

★ Alfred Lothar Wegener (Germany, 1880 – 1930), astronomer, geologist, meteorologist

★ Gary A. Wegner (USA, 1944 – )

★ Wei Pu (China, fl. 11th century)

★ Godefroy Wendelin (Belgium, 1580 – 1667)

★ Richard M. West (Denmark, 1942 – )

★ J. G. Westphal (Germany)

★ Johann Heinrich Westphal (Germany, Italy, 1794 – 1831)

★ George Wetherill (1925 – 2006)

★ John Archibald Wheeler (USA, 1911 – )

★ Fred Lawrence Whipple (USA, 1906 – 2004)

★ Albert Whitford (USA, 1905 – 2002)

★ Chandra Wickramasinghe (UK, 1939 – )

★ Thomas Widemann (France, 1961 – )

★ Paul Wild (Switzerland)

★ Olin C. Wilson (USA, 1909 – 1994)

★ Robert Wilson (USA, 1936 – )

★ John Winthrop (Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1714 – 1779)

★ Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke (Germany, 1835 – 1897)

★ Carl Wirtanen (USA, 1910 – 1990)

★ Jack Wisdom (USA)

★ Gustav Witt (Germany, 1866 – 1946)

★ Maximilian Wolf (Germany, 1863 – 1932)

★ Aleksander Wolszczan (Poland, 1946 – )

★ Richard van der Riet Woolley (UK, 1906 – 1986)

★ Thomas Wright (UK, 1711 – 1786)

Y

★ Issei Yamamoto (Japan, 1889 – 1959)

★ Yi Xing (China, 683 – 727)

★ Charles Augustus Young (USA, 1834 – 1908)

★ James Whitney Young (USA, 1941 – )

Z

★ Franz Xaver von Zach (Germany, 1753 – 1832)

★ Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich (USSR, 1914 – 1987)

★ Andrew Ronald Zentner (USA, 1976 – )

★ Zhang Daqing (China, 1969 – )

★ Zhang Heng (China, 78 – 139)

★ Zhang Yuzhe (China, 1902 – 1986)

★ Lyudmila Vasil'evna Zhuravleva (Russia/Ukraine, ? – )

★ Zu Chongzhi, (425 – 500)

★ Fritz Zwicky (Switzerland, USA, 1898 – 1974)

Others

Other scientists whose work had an impact on astronomy and astrophysics

★ Hans Bethe (physicist) (1906 – 2005)

★ Niels Bohr (physicist) (1885 – 1962)

★ Freeman Dyson (physicist) (1923 – )

★ Albert Einstein (physicist) (1879 – 1955)

★ Savvas M. Koushiappas (physicist) (Cyprus, 1971 – )

★ James Clerk Maxwell (physicist) (United Kingdom, 1831 – 1879)

★ Louis E. Strigari (physicist) (USA, 1977 – )

★ Thomas Young (physicist) (United Kingdom, 1773 – 1829)

★ Andrew R. Zentner (physicist) (USA, 1976 – )

Instrument makers, illustrators, etc.

★ John Bird (1709 – 1776)

★ Chesley Bonestell (1888 – 1986)

★ Andreas Cellarius (cartographer) (Netherlands, Germany, 1596 – 1665)

★ Thomas Cooke (1807 – 1868)

★ Alvan Clark (1804 – 1887)

★ John Dollond (1706 – 1761)

★ Henry Fitz (1808 – 1863) [1]

★ James Gregory (1638 – 1675)

★ Jesse Ramsden (1735 – 1800)

★ George Willis Ritchey (1864 – 1945)

★ James Short (1710 – 1768)

★ William Simms (1793 – 1860)

★ William Simms (1817 – 1907)

★ Edward Troughton (1756 – 1835)

References

★ The Great Astronomers

★ Astronomical Society of the Pacific: Women in Astronomy

See also

★ List of astrophysicists

★ List of astrologers