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This is a list of the offices of heads of state and heads of government, and cabinets, by country. Date of Origin refers to most recent fundamental change in form of government, for example independence, change from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, revolution, new constitution.

Country	Head of State	Head of Government	Cabinet	Date of Origin
Afghanistan	President		Cabinet of Ministers	2004
Albania	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1991
Algeria	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers	1989
Andorra	Co-Prince	Executive Council President	Executive Council	1278
Angola	President		Ministers	1981
Antigua and Barbuda	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers	1981
Argentina	President		Cabinet	1983
Armenia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1995
Australia	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1901
Austria	President	Chancellor	Cabinet	1945
Azerbaijan	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet of Ministers	1990
Bahamas	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1973
Bahrain	King	Prime Minister	Cabinet	2002
Bangladesh	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1972
Barbados	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1966
Belarus	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers	1994
Belgium	King	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1831
Belize	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1981
Benin	President		Cabinet	1990
Bhutan	King	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers	1952
Bolivia	President		Cabinet	1982
Bosnia and Herzegovina	President	Chairman of the Council of Ministers	Council of Ministers	1996
Botswana	President		Cabinet	1966
Brazil	President		Cabinet	1988
Brunei	Sultan	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1991
Bulgaria	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1991
Burkina Faso	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1992
Burundi	President		Council of Ministers	1998
Cambodia	King	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1993
Cameroon	President		Cabinet	1992
Canada	Queen/Governor General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1867
Cape Verde	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1992
Chile	President		Cabinet	1980
China, People's Republic of	President	Premier of the State Council	State Council	1982
China, Republic of	President	President of the Executive Yuan	Executive Yuan	1994
Colombia	President		Cabinet	1991
Congo, Democratic Republic of	President	Prime Minister	Government	2006
Congo, Republic of	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	2002
Costa Rica	President		Cabinet	1949
Croatia	President	Prime Minister	Government	2001
Cuba	President of the Council of State	President of the Council of Ministers	Council of Ministers	1976
Cyprus	President		Cabinet	1977
Czech Republic	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Denmark	Queen	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Dominica	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Dominican Republic	President		Cabinet
Ecuador	President		Cabinet
Egypt	President	Prime Minister	Government
El Salvador	President		Council of Ministers
Estonia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Fiji	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Finland	President	Prime Minister	Council of State	1919
France	President	Prime Minister	Government
Georgia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet of Georgia
Germany	President	Chancellor	Cabinet
Greece	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Grenada	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Guatemala	President		Council of Ministers
Guyana	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Haiti	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Honduras	President		Cabinet
Hungary	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Iceland	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1944
India	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1949
Indonesia	President		Cabinet
Italy	President	President of the Council of Ministers	Council of Ministers
Iraq	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers	2005
Republic of Ireland	President	Taoiseach	Government
Israel	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1948
Jamaica	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Japan	Emperor	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Kazakhstan	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Kyrgyzstan	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Latvia	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Liechtenstein	Prince	Head of Government	Government
Lithuania	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Luxembourg	Grand Duke	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Republic of Macedonia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Malaysia	Yang di-Pertuan Agong	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Malta	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Mexico	President		Cabinet
Moldova	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Monaco	Prince	Minister of State	Council of Government
Mongolia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Montenegro	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
New Zealand	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Netherlands	Queen	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Nicaragua	President		Council of Ministers
North Korea	Chairman of the National Defense Commission2	Premier	Government	1998
Northern Cyprus	President	Prime Minister	Government	1985
Norway	King	Prime Minister	Government
Panama	President		Cabinet
Paraguay	President		Cabinet
Peru	President		Council of Ministers
Philippines	President		Cabinet
Poland	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Portugal	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Romania	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers (Guvern)
Russia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1991
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Saint Lucia	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Queen/Governor-General1	Prime Minister	Cabinet
San Marino	Captains Regent		Congress of State
Serbia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1804
Slovakia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Slovenia	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Solomon Islands	Queen/Governor-General	Prime Minister	Cabinet
South Korea	President	Prime Minister	Government
Spain	King	President of the Government	Council of Ministers	1978
Suriname	President		Cabinet
Sweden	King	Prime Minister	Government	1876
Switzerland	Federal Council
Taiwan	'' For the nation which is often referred to as "Taiwan", see " China, Republic of "''
Tajikistan	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Trinidad and Tobago	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Turkey	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet
Turkmenistan	President		Cabinet
Ukraine	President	Prime Minister	Cabinet of the Ministers	1991
United Kingdom	Queen	Prime Minister	Cabinet	1801
United States	President		Cabinet	1789
Uruguay	President		Council of Ministers
Uzbekistan	President	Prime Minister	Council of Ministers
Vatican City	Pope	Cardinal Secretary of State	Pontifical Commission
Venezuela	President		Council of Ministers
Vietnam	President	Prime Minister	Government
Zimbabwe	President		Cabinet

Contents

See also

Notes

See also

★ List of national legislatures

★ List of national leaders

Notes

^'1' In Commonwealth Realms other than the UK, the Governor-General represents Queen Elizabeth II who is the official head of state.

^'2' Kim Jong-il, as Chairman of the National Defense Commission is considered North Korea's "highest administrative authority". However, Kim Yong-nam, as President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly does many of the duties of a Head of State. Deceased former North Korean ruler Kim Il-sung is listed as the Eternal President of the Republic