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EspañolLIST OF MONARCHS OF EAST ANGLIA
This is a chronological 'list of the monarchs of East Anglia', formally known as ''The Kingdom of the East Angles'', one of the seven traditional kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was founded in the 6th century and ceased being independent in 918, having been conquered by Wessex, another member of the Heptarchy.
Many of the dates of this time are considered unreliable, often being based on computation from known dates. Regnal years may be counted twice, since all or part of a year may be attributed: for instance, the period attributed below to Ricberht (the East Anglian apostasy) is said by the contemporary author Bede to have lasted for three years, and is computed allowing all or part of the years 627, 628 and 629 to this interregnum or unknown reign.
The names are given in modern English form, followed by the names and titles (as far as is known) in contemporaneous Anglo-Saxon English and Latin, being the recorded languages of the time. Note that the title 'REX' is not recorded specifically for any East Anglian ruler before Rædwald: the earlier names derive from the genealogical tally (not regnal list) in the ''Anglian Collection'' and the ''Historia Britonum''. They are normally styled rulers of the East Angle people (''Angli Orientales''), not of East Anglia (''Anglia Orientalis''). The title ''Rex Anglorum'' is used of Rædwald, and ''Rex Ang.'' (indeterminate, probably ''Anglorum'') of Aethelstan and Eadmund in their coinage.
This was a time when spellings varied widely, even within a document. A number of variations of the details below exist. Amongst these are the preference between þ and ð (voiceless and voiced ''th'').
A character resembling '7' (the so-called Tironian ''et'') was used as the ampersand '&' in contemporary Anglo-Saxon writings. The era pre-dates the emergence of forms of writing accepted today, notably minuscule, and the letters 'W' and 'U'. Where W was followed by U this was generally rendered as 'VV' (which was also used for 'W' alone).
After 918, East Anglia was under the rule of Wessex.
★ Keynes, Simon, "Kings of the East Angles" in M. Lapidge, et al, (eds), ''The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England''. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999. ISBN 0-631-22492-0
Many of the dates of this time are considered unreliable, often being based on computation from known dates. Regnal years may be counted twice, since all or part of a year may be attributed: for instance, the period attributed below to Ricberht (the East Anglian apostasy) is said by the contemporary author Bede to have lasted for three years, and is computed allowing all or part of the years 627, 628 and 629 to this interregnum or unknown reign.
The names are given in modern English form, followed by the names and titles (as far as is known) in contemporaneous Anglo-Saxon English and Latin, being the recorded languages of the time. Note that the title 'REX' is not recorded specifically for any East Anglian ruler before Rædwald: the earlier names derive from the genealogical tally (not regnal list) in the ''Anglian Collection'' and the ''Historia Britonum''. They are normally styled rulers of the East Angle people (''Angli Orientales''), not of East Anglia (''Anglia Orientalis''). The title ''Rex Anglorum'' is used of Rædwald, and ''Rex Ang.'' (indeterminate, probably ''Anglorum'') of Aethelstan and Eadmund in their coinage.
This was a time when spellings varied widely, even within a document. A number of variations of the details below exist. Amongst these are the preference between þ and ð (voiceless and voiced ''th'').
A character resembling '7' (the so-called Tironian ''et'') was used as the ampersand '&' in contemporary Anglo-Saxon writings. The era pre-dates the emergence of forms of writing accepted today, notably minuscule, and the letters 'W' and 'U'. Where W was followed by U this was generally rendered as 'VV' (which was also used for 'W' alone).
| Contents |
| List of the Kings of the East Angles |
| References |
List of the Kings of the East Angles
| Reign | Incumbent | Contemporary title | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| ??? to ??? | 'Wehha' | 'VVEHHA VVILHELMING' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | 'The first to rule over the East Angles' (Historia Britonum) |
| ''ante'' 571 to 578 | 'Wuffa' | 'VVFFA VVEHHING' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Eponymous ancestor of the Wuffing dynasty, 'ruling' in 571 (Roger of Wendover) |
| 578 to 599 | 'Tytila' | 'TYTTLA VVFFING' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | 'Took up the helm of the kingdom' (Roger of Wendover) |
| 599 to 624 | 'Rædwald' | 'RÆDVVALD TYTTLING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'RÆDVVALD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Imperium; Rex Anglorum (Bede). Bretwalda (Anglo-Saxon Chronicle). |
| 617 to 618 | 'Eni' | 'ENI TYTTLING' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | not known to have reigned |
| ''c.''624 to ''c.''627 | 'Eorpwald' | 'EORPVVALD RÆDVVALDING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'EORPVVALD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Murdered by Ricberht. |
| ''c.''627 to ''c.''629 | 'Ricberht' | 'RICBRYHT' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | not known to have reigned |
| ''c.''629 to ''?''634 | 'Sigeberht' | 'SIGEBRYHT RÆDVVALDING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'SIGEBRYHT REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Joint king with Ecgric; abdicated; Slain in battle; Saint Sigeberht. Son or Stepson of Rædwald. |
| ''ante'' 634 to ''?''636 | 'Ecgric' | 'ECGRIC' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ECGRIC REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Slain in battle; kinsman of Sigeberht presumed son of Rædwald or Eni. |
| 636 to 654 | 'Anna' | 'ANNA ENING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ANNA REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Slain in battle |
| 654 to 15 November 654 | 'Æthelhere' | 'ÆÞELHERE ENING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELHERE REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| ''late'' 654 to 664 | 'Æthelwold' | 'ÆTHELVVOLD ENING' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELVVOLD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| 663 or 664 to 713 | 'Ealdwulf' | 'EALDVVLF' ESTANGLE CYNING 'EALDVVLF REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| ''c.''713 to 749 | 'Ælfwald' | 'ÆLFVVALD' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆLFVVALD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| 749 to ''?'' | 'Hun' | 'HVN' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Joint ruler (possibly mythic) |
| 749 to ''c.''760 | 'Beorna' | 'BEORNA' ESTANGLE CYNING 'BEORNA REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Joint king |
| 749 to ''?'' | 'Alberht' | 'ALBERHT' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Joint ruler; also known as Æthelberht I |
| ''?c.''760 to ''?c.''779 | 'Æthelred I' | 'ÆÞELRED' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELRED REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Possibly mythic |
| ''?''779 to 794 | 'Æthelberht II' | 'ÆÞELBRYHT' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELBRYHT REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Saint Æthelbert. Executed at the command of Offa |
| 'Mercian Dynasty' | |||
| ''c.''760 to 796 | 'Offa' | 'OFFA ÞINCFRIÞING' MIERCNA 7 ESTANGLE CYNING 'OFFA REX' MERCIA ET ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS 'OFFA REX' ANGLORVM | Held dominion over East Angles |
| 'East Anglian Dynasty' | |||
| ''after'' 794 to ''?'' | 'Eadwald' | 'EADVVALD' ESTANGLE CYNING 'EADVVALD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| 'Mercian Dynasty' | |||
| ''c.''796 to 821 | 'Coenwulf' | 'COENVVLF' MIERCNA 7 ESTANGLE CYNING 'COENVVLF REX' MERCIA ET ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Held dominion over East Angles |
| 821 to 823 | 'Coelwulf' | 'COELVVLF' MIERCNA 7 ESTANGLE CYNING 'COELVVLF REX' MERCIA ET ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Held dominion over East Angles |
| 823 to 826 | 'Beornwulf' | 'BEORNVVLF' MIERCNA 7 ESTANGLE CYNING 'BEORNVVLF REX' MERCIA ET ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Held dominion over East Angles |
| 'East Anglian Dynasty' | |||
| ''c.''821 to ''c.''839 | 'Æthelstan' | 'ÆÞELSTAN' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELSTAN REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | styled Rex Anglorum (coins) |
| ''c.''839 to 855 | 'Æthelweard' | 'ÆÞELVVEARD' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELVVEARD REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | |
| 855 to 20 November 870 | 'Eadmund' | 'EADMVND' ESTANGLE CYNING 'EADMVND REX' ANGLORUM ORIENTALIUM | Martyred; Saint Edmund. Styled Rex Anglorum (coins) |
| 'Sub-kings under Norse Suzerainty' | |||
| 870 to 876 | 'Oswald' | 'OSVVALD' ESTANGLE CYNING 'OSVVALD REX' ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | |
| 876 to 879 | 'Æthelred II' | 'ÆÞELRED' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ÆÞELRED REX' ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | |
| 879 to 890 | 'Guthrum the Old' | 'AÞELSTAN' ESTANGLE CYNING 'AÞELSTAN REX' ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Norse ruler Guthrum the Old, took name Æthelstan at baptism |
| ? | 'Eohric' (Eohric) | 'ERIC' ESTANGLE CYNING 'ERIC REX' ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Killed in battle December 902 |
| ? | 'Æthelwold of Wessex' | 'AÞELWALD' ESTANGLE CYNING 'AÞELWALD REX' ANGLIÆ ORIENTALIS | Killed in battle December 902? |
After 918, East Anglia was under the rule of Wessex.
References
★ Keynes, Simon, "Kings of the East Angles" in M. Lapidge, et al, (eds), ''The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England''. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999. ISBN 0-631-22492-0
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