'Lu' () was an ancient state in
China during the
Spring and Autumn Period. Founded in the 10th century BC, its dukes used Ji as their family name. The first duke was Ji Boqin, son of
Ji Dan, the then
Prime Minister of
Zhou. The state's capital was in
Qufu and its territory mainly covered the central and southwest regions of
Shandong Province. It was bordered to the north by the powerful state of
Qi and to the south by the powerful state of
Chu. Although a Qi invasion was defeated in the
Battle of Changshao in
684 BC, the state was in decline during the Spring and Autumn Period. The political power of Lu was eventually split between the three powerful landlords Jisun, Mengsun and Shusun. Lu was annexed in
256 BC by the state of
Chu.
Lu was the home state of
Confucius. The ''
Annals of Spring and Autumn'' was written to record the history of Lu. Another great work of Chinese history,
Zuo Zhuan or ''Annals of Zuo'' was also written in Lu.
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