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(Redirected from M. liflandii)
'''Mycobacterium liflandii''' has been isolated from Xenopus tropicalis and X. laevis in a laboratory in the US and causes a Mycobacterium ulcerans-like disease in anurans.
The taxonomic name has not been approved yet.
The strain of ''M. liflandii'' that has been isolated from anuran sources at the University of California, Berkeley, has been designated KT1. KT1 is characterized and differentiated from its closest relatives, ''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' and ''Mycobacterium marinum'', by the following molecular and physical traits.
The original isolation of ''M. liflandii'' is described in Trott ''et al.'', Comp. Med 2004. Further analysis of the pathogenesis and mycolactone toxin production of ''M. liflandii'' is reported in Mve-Obiang ''et al.'', Infection and Immunity 2005.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) assay
KT1 has a three base-pair difference from ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum'' in its Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) that results in a lack of a ''Fok''1 restriction enzyme site that is present in ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum''. Amplification of ITS (as described in Trott et al., Comp. Med 2004) followed by ''Fok''1 digestion results in a RFLP with a major product of 213 base-pairs for both ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum'', and a product band of 266 base-pairs for ''M. liflandii''.
The following additional comparative differences were also used to identify ''M. liflandii'' KT1. The specific sequences can be found in Trott et al., Comp. Med 2004
1) KT1 is identical to ''M. ulcerans'' in the 5' signature region of RNA Polymerase subunit B (''rpo''B) and one base-pair off from ''M. ulcerans'' in the 3' region. It is three base-pairs different from ''M. marinum'' in the 5' region of ''rpo''B and identical to ''M. marinum'' in the 3' region of ''rpo''B.
2) KT1 is positive for both ''M. ulcerans''-specific Insertion Sequences, IS2404 and IS2606.
3) KT1 is identical to the ''M. marinum'' heat shock protein 65 (''hsp''65) and 3 base-pairs different from ''M. ulcerans''.
4) KT1 is 2 base-pairs different from the 16s ribosomal RNA gene (16sRNA) of ''M. marinum'' and 3 base-pairs different from ''M. ulcerans''.
KT1 is a non-photochromogenic acid-fast mycobacterium. On Middlebrook 7H11 media supplemented with OADC, colonies are non-pigmented and slightly buff-colored, with rough morphology. KT1 has an optimal growth temperature of 28ºC with no growth seen at 35ºC. Growth rate on Lowenstein-Jensen is 30-35 days.
Information taken from http://tropicalis.berkeley.edu/home/husbandry/disease_files/M-liflandii.html
'''Mycobacterium liflandii''' has been isolated from Xenopus tropicalis and X. laevis in a laboratory in the US and causes a Mycobacterium ulcerans-like disease in anurans.
The taxonomic name has not been approved yet.
The strain of ''M. liflandii'' that has been isolated from anuran sources at the University of California, Berkeley, has been designated KT1. KT1 is characterized and differentiated from its closest relatives, ''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' and ''Mycobacterium marinum'', by the following molecular and physical traits.
The original isolation of ''M. liflandii'' is described in Trott ''et al.'', Comp. Med 2004. Further analysis of the pathogenesis and mycolactone toxin production of ''M. liflandii'' is reported in Mve-Obiang ''et al.'', Infection and Immunity 2005.
| Contents |
| Genomic results |
| Sequence analysis |
| Physical characteristics |
Genomic results
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) assay
KT1 has a three base-pair difference from ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum'' in its Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) that results in a lack of a ''Fok''1 restriction enzyme site that is present in ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum''. Amplification of ITS (as described in Trott et al., Comp. Med 2004) followed by ''Fok''1 digestion results in a RFLP with a major product of 213 base-pairs for both ''M. ulcerans'' and ''M. marinum'', and a product band of 266 base-pairs for ''M. liflandii''.
Sequence analysis
The following additional comparative differences were also used to identify ''M. liflandii'' KT1. The specific sequences can be found in Trott et al., Comp. Med 2004
1) KT1 is identical to ''M. ulcerans'' in the 5' signature region of RNA Polymerase subunit B (''rpo''B) and one base-pair off from ''M. ulcerans'' in the 3' region. It is three base-pairs different from ''M. marinum'' in the 5' region of ''rpo''B and identical to ''M. marinum'' in the 3' region of ''rpo''B.
2) KT1 is positive for both ''M. ulcerans''-specific Insertion Sequences, IS2404 and IS2606.
3) KT1 is identical to the ''M. marinum'' heat shock protein 65 (''hsp''65) and 3 base-pairs different from ''M. ulcerans''.
4) KT1 is 2 base-pairs different from the 16s ribosomal RNA gene (16sRNA) of ''M. marinum'' and 3 base-pairs different from ''M. ulcerans''.
Physical characteristics
KT1 is a non-photochromogenic acid-fast mycobacterium. On Middlebrook 7H11 media supplemented with OADC, colonies are non-pigmented and slightly buff-colored, with rough morphology. KT1 has an optimal growth temperature of 28ºC with no growth seen at 35ºC. Growth rate on Lowenstein-Jensen is 30-35 days.
Information taken from http://tropicalis.berkeley.edu/home/husbandry/disease_files/M-liflandii.html
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