MACARTHUR FELLOWS PROGRAM

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The 'MacArthur Fellows Program' or 'MacArthur Fellowship' (sometimes nicknamed the '"genius grant"') is an award given by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation each year to typically 20 to 40 citizens or residents of the U.S., of any age and working in any field, who "show exceptional merit and promise for continued and enhanced creative work." According to the Foundation website, "the fellowship is not a reward for past accomplishment, but rather an investment in a person's originality, insight, and potential." The current amount of the award is $500,000, paid in quarterly installments over five years. There have been 707 recipients to date. The MacArthur Foundation has distributed over $350,000,000 to these recipients.
The Fellowship has no application. People are nominated anonymously, by a body of nominators who submit recommendations to a small selection committee of about a dozen people, also anonymous. The committee then reviews every nominee and passes along their recommendations to the President and the board of directors. The entire process is anonymous and confidential. Most new MacArthur Fellows first learn that they have even been considered when they receive the congratulatory phone call.

Contents
List of MacArthur Fellows
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
References in popular culture
References
External links

List of MacArthur Fellows

MacArthur Fellows organized by the year of their awards:

1981

★ A. R. Ammons, poet

★ Joseph Brodsky, poet

★ Gregory V. Chudnovsky, mathematician

★ Robert Coles, child psychiatrist

★ Shelly Errington, cultural anthropologist

★ Henry Louis Gates, Jr., literary critic

★ Michael Ghiselin, evolutionary biologist

★ Stephen Jay Gould, paleontology

★ Ian Graham, archaeologist

★ John Imbrie, climatologist

★ Elma Lewis, arts educator

★ James Alan McPherson, novelist, writer

★ Roy P. Mottahedeh, historian

★ Douglas D. Osheroff, physicist

★ Robert Root-Bernstein, biologist and historian of science

★ Lawrence Rosen, attorney and anthropologist

★ Carl E. Schorske, intellectual historian

★ Leslie Marmon Silko, writer

★ Derek Walcott, poet and playwright

★ Robert Penn Warren, poet, writer, and literary critic

★ Stephen Wolfram, computer scientist and physicist MacArthur Fellows June 1981 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

★ John Cairns (biologist), molecular biologist

★ Joel E. Cohen, population biologist

★ Richard Critchfield, essayist

★ Howard Gardner, psychologist

★ John Gaventa, sociologist

★ David Hawkins, philosopher

★ John P. Holdren, arms control and energy analyst

★ Ada Louise Huxtable, architectural critic and historian

★ Robert Kates, geographer

★ Raphael Carl Lee, surgeon

★ Cormac McCarthy, writer

★ Barbara McClintock, geneticist

★ Richard C. Mulligan, molecular biologist

★ Elaine H. Pagels, historian of religion

★ David Pingree, Historian of Science

★ Paul G. Richards, seismologist

★ Richard Rorty, philosopher

★ Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., astrophysicist

★ Michael Woodford, economist

★ George Zweig, physicist and neurobiologist MacArthur Fellows December 1981 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1982

★ Fouad Ajami, political scientist

★ Charles A. Bigelow, graphic designer

★ Peter Robert Lamont Brown, historian

★ Robert Darnton, European historian

★ Persi Diaconis, statistician

★ William Gaddis, novelist

★ Ved Mehta, writer

★ Robert Parris Moses, educator and philosopher

★ Richard A. Muller, geologist and astrophysicist

★ Conlon Nancarrow, composer

★ Alfonso Ortiz, cultural anthropologist

★ Francesca Rochberg, Assyriologist and historian of science

★ Charles Sabel, political scientist and legal scholar

★ Ralph Shapey, composer and conductor

★ Michael Silverstein, lingust

★ Randolph Whitfield, Jr, ophthalmologist

★ Frank Wilczek, physicist

★ Frederick Wiseman, documentary filmmaker

★ Edward Witten, physicist MacArthur Fellows August 1982 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1983

★ R. Stephen Berry, physical chemist

★ Philip D. Curtin, historian of Africa

★ William H. Durham, biological anthropologist

★ Bradley Efron, statistician

★ David L. Felten, neuroscientist

★ Shelomo Goitein, medieval historian

★ Ramon Gutierrez, historian

★ Bela Julesz, psychologist

★ William Kennedy, novelist

★ Leszek Kolakowski, historian of philosophy and religion

★ Brad Leithauser, poet and writer

★ Lawrence W. Levine, historian

★ Ralph Manheim, translator

★ Charles S. Peskin, mathematician and physiologist

★ Julia Robinson, mathematician

★ John Sayles, filmmaker and writer

★ Peter Sellars, theater and opera director

★ Adrian Wilson (book designer), book designer, printer, and historian of the book

★ Irene J. Winter, art historian and archaeologist

★ Mark S. Wrighton, chemist MacArthur Fellows February 1983 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

★ Seweryn Bialer, political scientist

★ William C. Clark, ecologist and environmental policy analyst

★ Randall W. Forsberg, political scientist and arms control strategist

★ Alexander L. George, political scientist

★ Mott T. Greene, historian of science

★ John J. Hopfield, physicist and biologist

★ Sylvia A. Law, human rights lawyer

★ Robert K. Merton, historian and sociologist of science

★ Walter F. Morris, Jr., cultural preservationist

★ A.K. Ramanujan, poet, translator, and literary scholar

★ Alice M. Rivlin, economist and policy analyst

★ Richard M. Schoen, mathematician

★ Karen K. Uhlenbeck, mathematician MacArthur Fellows August 1983 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1984

★ George Archibald, ornithologist

★ Ernesto J. Cortes, Jr., community organizer

★ Robert Hass, poet, critic, and translator

★ J. Bryan Hass, religion and foreign policy scholar

★ Robert Irwin, painter and installation artist

★ Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, novelist and screenwriter

★ Paul Oskar Kristeller, intellectual historian and philosopher

★ Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot, educator

★ Heather Lechtman, mateirals scientist and archaeologist

★ Michael Lerner (environmentalist), public health leader

★ Andrew W. Lewis, medieval historian

★ Arnold J. Mandell, neuroscientist and psychiatrist

★ Matthew Meselson, geneticist and arms control analyst

★ David R. Nelson, physicist

★ Michael Piore, economist

★ Judith N. Shklar, political philosopher

★ Charles Simic, poet, translator, and essayist

★ David Stuart, lingust and epigrapher

★ John E. Toews, intellectual historian

★ James Turrell, light sculptor

★ Jay Weiss, psychologist

★ Carl R. Woese, molecular biologist MacArthur Fellows March 1984 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

★ Shelly Bernstein, pediatric hematologist

★ Peter J. Bickel, statistician

★ William Drayton, public service innovator

★ Sidney Drell, physicist and arms policy analyst

★ Mitchell J. Feigenbaum, mathematical physicist

★ Michael H. Freedman, mathematician

★ Curtis G. Hames, family physician

★ Shirley Heath, linguistic anthropologist

★ Bette Howland, writer and literary critic

★ Bill Irwin, writer and performance artist

★ Fritz John, mathematician

★ Galway Kinnell, poet

★ Henry Kraus, art historian

★ Peter Mathews, archaeologist and epigrapher

★ Beaumont Newhall, historian of photography

★ Roger S. Payne, zoologist and conservationist

★ Edward V. Roberts, civil rights leader

★ Elliot Sperling, Tibetan studies scholar

★ Frank Sulloway, psychologist (child birth-order research)

★ Alar Toomre, astronomer and mathematician

★ Amos Tversky, cognitive scientist

★ J. Kirk Varnedoe, art historian

★ Bret Wallach, geographer

★ Arthur Winfree, physiologist and mathematician

★ Billie Young, community development leader MacArthur Fellows November 1984 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1985

★ Joan Abrahamson, community development leader

★ John Ashbery, poet

★ John F. Benton, midieval historian

★ Harold Bloom, literary critic

★ Valery Chalidze, physicist and human rights organizer

★ William Cronon, environmental historian

★ Merce Cunningham, choreographer

★ Jared Diamond, environmental historian and physiologist

★ Marian Edelman, Children's Defense Fund founder

★ Morton Halperin, political scientist

★ Robert M. Hayes, lawyer and human rights leader

★ Edwin Hutchins, cognitive scientist

★ Sam Maloof, Woodworker

★ Andrew McGuire, trauma prevention specialist

★ Patrick Noonan, conservationist

★ George Oster, mathematical biologist

★ Thomas G. Palaima, classicist

★ Peter Raven, botanist

★ Jane S. Richardson, biochemist

★ Gregory Schopen, historian of religion

★ Franklin Stahl, geneticist

★ J. Richard Steffy, nautical archaeologist

★ Ellen Stewart, theater director

★ Paul Taylor, choreographer, dance company founder

★ Shing-Tung Yau, mathematician MacArthur Fellows July 1985 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1986

★ Paul Adams, neurobiologist

★ Milton Babbitt, composer

★ Christopher Beckwith, philologist

★ Richard Benson, photographer

★ Lester R. Brown, agricultural economist

★ Caroline Bynum, medieval historian

★ William A. Christian, historian of religion

★ Nancy Farriss, historian

★ Benedict H, Gross, mathemtatician

★ Daryl Hine, poet and translator

★ John Robert Horner, paleobiologist

★ Thomas C. Joe, social policy analyst

★ David Keightley, historian and sinologist

★ Albert J. Libchaber, physicist

★ David C. Page, molecular geneticist

★ George Perle, composer and music theorist

★ James Randi, educator

★ David Rudovsky, civil rights lawyer

★ Robert Shapley, neurophysiologist

★ Leo Steinberg, art historian

★ Richard P. Turco, atmospheric scientist

★ Thomas Whiteside, journalist

★ Allan C. Wilson, biochemist

★ Jay Wright, poet and playwright

★ Charles Wuorinen, composer MacArthur Fellows August 1986 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1987

★ Walter Abish, writer

★ Robert Axelrod, political scientist

★ Robert F. Coleman, mathematician

★ Douglas Crase, poet

★ Daniel Friedan, physicist

★ David Gross, physicist

★ Ira Herskowitz, molecular geneticist

★ Irving Howe, literary and social critic

★ Wesley Charles Jacobs, Jr., rural planner

★ Peter Jeffery, musicologist

★ Horace Freeland Judson, historian of science

★ Stuart Alan Kauffman, evolutionary biologist

★ Richard Kenney, poet

★ Eric Lander, geneticist and mathematician

★ Michael Malin, geologist and planetary scientist

★ Deborah W. Meier, education reform leader

★ Arnaldo Dante Momigliano, historian

★ David Mumford, mathematician

★ Tina Rosenberg, journalist

★ David Rumelhart, cognitive scientist and psychologist

★ Robert Morris Sapolsky, neuroendocrinologist and primatologist

★ Meyer Schapiro, art historian

★ John H. Schwarz, physicist

★ Jon Seger, evolutionary ecologist

★ Stephen Shenker, physicist

★ David Dean Shulman, historian of religion

★ Muriel S. Snowden, community organizer

★ Mark Strand, poet and writer

★ May Swenson, poet

★ Huynh Thong, translator and editor

★ William Julius Wilson, sociologist

★ Richard Wrangham, primate ethologist MacArthur Fellows July 1987 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1988

★ Charles Archambeau, geophysicist

★ Michael Baxandall, art historian

★ Ruth Behar, cultural anthropologist

★ Ran Blake, composer and pianist

★ Charles Burnett, filmmaker

★ Philip James DeVries, insect biologist

★ Andre Dubus, writer

★ Helen T. Edwards, physicist

★ Jon H. Else, documentary filmmaker

★ John G. Fleagle, primatologist and paleontologist

★ Cornell H. Fleischer, Middle Eastern historian

★ Getatchew Haile, philologist and linguist

★ Raymond Jeanloz, geophysicist

★ Marvin Phillip Kahl, zoologist

★ Naomi Pierce, biologist

★ Thomas Pynchon, novelist

★ Stephen J. Pyne, environmental historian

★ Max Roach, precussionist and jazz composer

★ Hipolito (Paul) Roldan, community developer

★ Anna Curtenius Roosevelt, archaeologist

★ David Alan Rosenberg, military historian

★ Susan Irene Rotroff, archaeologist

★ Bruce Schwartz, figurative sculptor and puppeteer

★ Robert S. Shaw, physicist

★ Jonathan Spence, historian

★ Noel M. Swerdlow, historian of science

★ Gary A. Tomlinson, musicologist

★ Alan Walker, paleontologist

★ Eddie Williams, policy analyst and civil rights leader

★ Rita P. Wright, archaeologist

★ Garth Youngberg, agriculturalist MacArthur Fellows August 1988 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1989

★ Anthony Amsterdam, attorney and legal scholar

★ Byllye Avery, women's healtcare leader

★ Alvin Bronstein, human rights lawyer

★ Leo Buss, evolutionary biologist

★ Jay Cantor, writer

★ George Davis, environmental policy analyst

★ Allen Grossman, poet

★ John Harbison, composer and conductor

★ Keith Hefner, journalist and educator

★ Ralf Hotchkiss, rehabilitation engineer

★ John Rice Irwin, curator and cultural preservationist

★ Daniel Janzen, ecologist

★ Bernice Johnson Reagon, music historian, composer, and vocalist

★ Aaron Lansky, cultural preservationist

★ Jennifer Moody, archaeologist and anthropologist

★ Errol Morris, filmmaker

★ Vivian Paley, educator and writer

★ Richard Powers, novelist

★ Martin Puryear, sculptor

★ Theodre Rosengarten, historian

★ Margaret W. Rossiter, historian of science

★ George Russell, composer and music theorist

★ Pam Solo, arms control analyst

★ Ellendea Proffer Teasley, translator and publisher

★ Clair Van Vliet, book artist

★ Baldemar Velasquez, farm labor leader

★ Bill Viola, video artist

★ Eliot Wigginton, educator

★ Patricia Wright, primatologist MacArthur Fellows August 1989 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1990

★ John Christian Bailar, biostatistician

★ Martha Clarke, theater director

★ Jacques d'Amboise, dance educator

★ Guy Davenport, writer and critic

★ Lisa Delpit, education reform leader

★ John Eaton, composer

★ Paul R. Ehrlich, population biologist

★ Charlotte Erickson, historian

★ Lee Friedlander, photographer

★ Margaret Geller, astrophysicist

★ Jorie Graham, poet

★ Patricia Hampl, writer

★ John Hollander, poet and literary critic

★ Thomas Cleveland Holt, social and cultural historian

★ David Kazhdan, mathematician

★ Calvin King, land and farm development specialist

★ M. A. R. Koehl, marine biologist

★ Nancy Kopell, mathematician

★ Michael Moschen, performance artist

★ Gary Nabhan, ethnobotanist

★ Sherry Ortner, anthropologist

★ Otis Pitts, community development leader

★ Yvonne Rainer, filmmaker and choreographer

★ Michael Schudson, sociologist

★ Rebecca J. Scott, historian

★ Marc Shell, scholar

★ Susan Sontag, photographer, writer

★ Richard Stallman, Free Software Foundation founder, Copyleft concept inventor

★ Guy Tudor, conservationist

★ Maria Varela, community development leader

★ Gregory Vlastos, classicist and philosopher

★ Kent Whealy, preservationist

★ Eric Wolf, anthropologist

★ Sidney Wolfe, physician

★ Robert Woodson, community development leader

★ Jose Zalaquett, human rights lawyer MacArthur Fellows August 1990 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1991

★ Jacqueline Barton, biophysical chemist

★ Paul Berman, journalist

★ James Blinn, computer animator

★ Taylor Branch, social historian

★ Trisha Brown, choreographer

★ Mari Jo Buhle, American historian

★ Patricia Churchland, philosopher

★ David Donoho, statistician

★ Steven Feld, anthropologist

★ Alice Fulton, poet

★ Guillermo Gómez-Peña, writer and artist

★ Jerzy Grotowski, theater director

★ David Hammons, artist

★ Sophia Harris, child care leader

★ Lewis Hyde, writer

★ Ali Akbar Khan, musician

★ Sergiu Klainerman, mathematician

★ Martin Kreitman, geneticist

★ Harlan Lane, psychologist and linguist

★ William Linder, community development leader

★ Patricia Locke, tribal rights leader

★ Mark Morris, choreographer and dancer

★ Marcel Ophüls, documentary filmmaker

★ Arnold Rampersad, biographer and literary critic

★ Gunther Schuller, composer, conductor, jazz historian

★ Joel Schwartz, epidemiologist

★ Cecil Taylor, jazz pianist and composer

★ Julie Taymor, theater director

★ David Werner, health care leader

★ James Westphal, engineer and scientist

★ Eleanor Wilner, poet MacArthur Fellows July 1991 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1992

★ Janet Benshoof, attorney

★ Robert Blackburn, printmaker

★ Unita Blackwell, civil rights leader

★ Lorna Bourg, rural development leader

★ Stanley Cavell, philosopher

★ Amy Clampitt, poet

★ Ingrid Daubechies, mathematician

★ Wendy Ewald, photographer

★ Irving Feldman, poet

★ Barbara Fields, historian

★ Robert Hall, journalist

★ Ann Hanson, historian

★ John Henry Holland, computer scientist

★ Wes Jackson, agronomist

★ Evelyn Keller, historian and philosopher of science

★ Steve Lacy, saxophonist and composer

★ Suzanne Lebsock, social historian

★ Sharon Long, plant biologist

★ Norman Manea, writer

★ Paule Marshall, writer

★ Michael Massing, journalist

★ Robert McCabe, educator

★ Susan Meiselas, photojournalist

★ Amalia Mesa-Bains, artist and cultural critic

★ Stephen Schneider, climatologist

★ Joanna Scott, writer

★ John T. Scott, artist

★ John Terborgh, conservation biologist

★ Twyla Tharp, dancer and choreographer

★ Philip Treisman, mathematics educator

★ Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, historian

★ Geerat J. Vermeij, evolutionary biologist

★ Gunter Wagner, developmental biologist MacArthur Fellows July 1992 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1993

★ Nancy Cartwright, philosopher

★ Demetrios Christodoulou, mathematician and physicist

★ Maria Crawford, geologist

★ Stanley Crouch, jazz critic and writer

★ Nora England, anthropological linguist

★ Paul Farmer, medical anthropologist

★ Victoria Foe, developmental biologist

★ Ernest Gaines, writer

★ Pedro Greer, physician

★ Thom Gunn, poet and literary critic

★ Ann Hamilton, artist

★ Sokoni Karanja, child and family development specialist

★ Ann Lauterbach, poet and literary critic

★ Stephen Lee, chemist

★ Carol Levine, AIDS policy specialist

★ Amory Lovins, physicist and energy analyst

★ Jane Lubchenco, marine biologist

★ Ruth Lubic, nurse / midwife

★ Jim Powell, poet and translator

★ Margie Profet, evolutionary biologist

★ Thomas Scanlon, philosopher

★ Aaron Shirley, health care leader

★ William Siemering, journalist and radio producer

★ Ellen Silbergeld, biologist

★ Leonard van der Kuijp, philologist and historian

★ Frank von Hippel, arms control and energy analyst

★ John Wideman, writer

★ Heather Williams, biologist and ornithologist

★ Marion Williams, gospel music performer

★ Robert H. Williams, physicist and energy analyst

★ Henry T. Wright, archaeologist and anthropologist MacArthur Fellows July 1993 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1994

★ Robert Adams, photographer

★ Jeraldyne Blunden, choreographer

★ Anthony Braxton (Avant-Garde composer and musician)

★ Rogers Brubaker, sociologist

★ Ornette Coleman, jazz performer and composer

★ Israel Gelfand, mathematician and biologist

★ Faye Ginsburg, anthropologist

★ Heidi Hartmann, economist

★ Bill T. Jones (dancer and choreographer)

★ Peter E. Kenmore, agricultural entomologist

★ Joseph E. Marshall, educator

★ Carolyn McKecuen, economic development leader

★ Donella Meadows, writer

★ Arthur Mitchell, choreographer

★ Hugo Morales, radio producer

★ Janine Pease, educator

★ Willie Reale, theater arts educator

★ Adrienne Rich, poet and writer

★ Sam-Ang Sam, musician and cultural preservationist

★ Jack Wisdom, physicist MacArthur Fellows July 1994 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1995

★ Allison Anders, filmmaker

★ Jed Z. Buchwald, historian

★ Octavia Butler, science fiction novelist

★ Sandra Cisneros, writer and poet

★ Sandy Close, journalist

★ Frederick C. Cuny, disaster relief specialist

★ Sharon Emerson, biologist

★ Richard Foreman, theater director

★ Alma Guillermoprieto, journalist

★ Virginia Hamilton, writer

★ Donald Hopkins, physician

★ Susan W. Kieffer, geologist

★ Elizabeth LeCompte, theater director

★ Patricia Nelson Limerick, historian

★ Michael Marletta, chemist

★ Pamela Matson, ecologist

★ Susan McClary, musicologist

★ Meredith Monk, vocalist, composer, director

★ Rosalin P. Petchesky, political scientist

★ Joel Rogers, political scientist

★ Cindy Sherman, photographer

★ Bryan Stevenson, human rights lawyer

★ Nicholas Strausfeld, neurobiologist

★ Richard White, historian MacArthur Fellows July 1995 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1996

★ James Angel, astronomer

★ Joaquin Avila, voting rights advocate

★ Allan Berube, historian

★ Barbara Block, marine biologist

★ Joan Connelly, archeologist

★ Thomas Daniel, biologist

★ Martin Daniel Eakes, economic development strategist

★ Rebecca Goldstein, writer

★ Robert Greenstein, public policy analyst

★ Richard Howard, poet

★ John Jesurun, playwright

★ Richard Lenski, biologist

★ Louis Massiah, documentary filmmaker

★ Vonnie McLoyd, developmental psychologist

★ Thylias Moss, poet and writer

★ Eiko Otake & Koma Otake, dancers, choreographers

★ Nathan Seiberg, physicist

★ Anna Deavere Smith, playwright/journalist/actress

★ Dorothy Stoneman, educator

★ William E. Strickland, art educator MacArthur Fellows July 1996 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1997

★ Luis Alfaro, writer and performance artist

★ Lee Breur, playwright

★ Vija Celmins, artist

★ Eric Charnov, evolutionary biologist

★ Elouise Cobell, banker

★ Peter Galison, historian

★ Mark Harrington, AIDS researcher

★ Eva Harris, molecular biologist

★ Michael Kremer, economist

★ Russel Lande, biologist

★ Kerry James Marshall, artist

★ Nancy Moran, artist

★ Han Ong, playwright

★ Kathleen Ross, educator

★ Pamela Samuelson, copyright scholar and activist

★ Susan Stewart, literary scholar and poet

★ Elizabeth Streb, dancer and choreographer

★ Trimpin, sound sculptor

★ Loïc Wacquant, sociologist

★ Kara Walker, artist

★ David Foster Wallace, writer and journalist

★ Andrew Wiles, mathematician

★ Brackette Williams, anthropologist MacArthur Fellows July 1997 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1998

★ Janine Antoni, artist

★ Ida Applebroog, artist

★ Ellen Barry, lawyer

★ Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the world wide web protocol

★ Linda Bierds, poet

★ Bernadette Brooten, historian

★ John Carlstrom, astrophysicist

★ Mike Davis, historian

★ Nancy Folbre, economist

★ Avner Greif, economist

★ Kun-Liang Guan, biochemist

★ Gary Hill, artist

★ Edward Hirsch, poet, essayist

★ Ayesha Jalal, historian

★ Charles R. Johnson, writer

★ Leah Krubitzer, neuroscientist

★ Stewart Kwoh, human rights activist

★ Charles Lewis, journalist

★ William McDonald, rancher and conservationist

★ Peter Miller, historian

★ Don Mitchell, cultural geographer

★ Rebecca Nelson, plant pathologist

★ Elinor Ochs, linguistic anthropologist

★ Ishmael Reed, poet, essayist, novelist

★ Benjamin D. Santer, atmospheric scientist

★ Karl Sims, computer scientist and artist

★ Dorothy Thomas, human rights activist

★ Leonard Zeskind, human rights activist

★ Mary Zimmerman, playwright MacArthur Fellows July 1998 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

1999

★ Jillian Banfield, geologist

★ Carolyn Bertozzi, chemist

★ Xu Bing, printmaker

★ Bruce G. Blair, policy analyst

★ John Bonifaz, election lawyer and voting rights leader

★ Shawn Carlson, educator

★ Mark Danner, journalist

★ Alison L. Des Forges, human rights activist

★ Elizabeth Diller, architect

★ Saul Friedländer, historian

★ Jennifer Gordon, lawyer

★ David Hillis, biologist

★ Sara Horowitz, lawyer

★ Jacqueline Jones, historian

★ Laura Kiessling, biochemist

★ Leslie Kurke, scholar

★ David Levering Lewis, biographer and historian

★ Juan Maldacena, physicist

★ Gay J. McDougall, human rights lawyer

★ Campbell McGrath, poet

★ Denny Moore, anthropological linguist

★ Elizabeth Murray, artist

★ Pepon Osorio, artist

★ Ricardo Scofidio, architect

★ Peter Shor, computer scientist

★ Eva Silverstein, physicist

★ Wilma Subra, scientist

★ Ken Vandermark, saxophonist, composer

★ Naomi Wallace, playwright

★ Jeffrey Weeks, mathematician

★ Fred Wilson, artist

★ Ofelia Zepeda, linguist MacArthur Fellows July 1999 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2000

★ Susan E. Alcock, archaeologist

★ K. Christopher Beard, paleontologist

★ Lucy Blake, conservationist

★ Anne Carson, poet

★ Peter J. Hayes, energy policy activist

★ David A. Isay, radio producer

★ Alfredo Jaar, photographer

★ Ben Katchor, graphic novelist

★ Hideo Mabuchi, physicist

★ Susan Marshall, choreographer

★ Samuel Mockbee, architect

★ Cecilia Muñoz, civil rights policy analyst

★ Margaret Murnane, optical physicist

★ Laura Otis, literary scholar and historian of science

★ Lucia M. Perillo, poet

★ Matthew Rabin, economist

★ Carl Safina, marine conservationist

★ Daniel P. Schrag, geochemist

★ Susan E. Sygall, civil rights leader

★ Gina G. Turrigiano, neuroscientist

★ Gary Urton, anthropologist

★ Patricia J. Williams, legal scholar

★ Deborah Willis, historian of photography and photographer

★ Erik Winfree, computer and materials scientist

★ Horng-Tzer Yau, mathematician MacArthur Fellows July 2000 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2001

★ Andrea Barrett, writer

★ Christopher Chyba, astrobiologist

★ Michael Dickinson, fly biologist/bioengineer

★ Rosanne Haggerty, housing and community development leader

★ Lene Hau, physicist

★ Dave Hickey, art critic

★ Stephen Hough, pianist

★ Kay Redfield Jamison, psychologist

★ Sandra Lanham, pilot and conservationist

★ Iñigo Manglano-Ovalle, artist

★ Cynthia Moss, natural historian

★ Dirk Obbink, classicist and papyrologist

★ Norman Pace, biochemist

★ Suzan-Lori Parks, playwright

★ Brooks Pate, physical chemist

★ Xiao Qiang, human rights leader

★ Geraldine Seydoux, molecular biologist

★ Bright Sheng, composer

★ David Spergel, astrophysicist

★ Jean Strouse, biographer

★ Julie Su, human rights lawyer

★ David Wilson, creator of The Museum of Jurassic Technology MacArthur Fellows October 2001 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2002

★ Danielle Allen, classicist and political scientist

★ Bonnie Bassler, molecular biologist

★ Ann M. Blair, intellectual historian

★ Katherine Boo, Journalist

★ Paul Ginsparg, physicist

★ David B. Goldstein, energy conservation specialist

★ Karen Hesse, writer

★ Janine Jagger, epidemiologist

★ Daniel Jurafsky, computer scientist and linguist

★ Toba Khedoori, artist

★ Liz Lerman, choreographer

★ George E. Lewis, trombonist

★ Liza Lou, artist

★ Edgar Meyer, bassist and composer

★ Jack Miles, writer and Biblical scholar

★ Erik Mueggler, anthropologist and ethnographer

★ Sendhil Mullainathan, economist

★ Stanley Nelson, documentary filmmaker

★ Lee Ann Newsom, paleoethnobotanist

★ Daniela Rus, computer scientist

★ Charles C. Steidel, astronomer

★ Brian Tucker, seismologist

★ Camilo José Vergara, photographer

★ Paul Wennberg, atmospheric chemist

★ Colson Whitehead, writer MacArthur Fellows September 2002 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2003

★ Guillermo Algaze, archaeologist

★ Jim Collins, biomedical engineer

★ Lydia Davis, writer

★ Erik Demaine, theoretical computer scientist

★ Corinne Dufka, human rights researcher

★ Peter Gleick, conservation analyst

★ Osvaldo Golijov, composer

★ Deborah Jin, physicist

★ Angela Johnson, writer

★ Tom Joyce, blacksmith

★ Sarah H. Kagan, gerentological nurse

★ Ned Kahn, artist and science exhibit designer

★ Jim Yong Kim, public health physician

★ Nawal M. Nour, obstetrician and gynecologist

★ Loren H. Rieseberg, botanist

★ Amy Rosenzweig, biochemist

★ Pedro A. Sanchez, agronomist

★ Lateefah Simon, women's development leader

★ Peter Sis, illustrator

★ Sarah Sze, sculptor

★ Eve Troutt Powell, historian

★ Anders Winroth, historian

★ Daisy Youngblood, ceramic artist

★ Xiaowei Zhuang, biophysicist MacArthur Fellows October 2003 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2004

★ Guillermo Algaze, anthropologist and archaeologist

★ Angela Belcher, materials scientist and engineer

★ Gretchen Berland, physician and filmmaker

★ James Carpenter, artist

★ Joseph DeRisi, Biologist

★ Katherine Gottlieb, health care leader

★ David Green, technology transfer innovator

★ Aleksandar Hemon, writer

★ Heather Hurst, archaeological illustrator

★ Edward P. Jones, writer

★ John Kamm, human rights activist

★ Daphne Koller, computer scientist

★ Naomi Leonard, engineer

★ Tommie Lindsey, school debate coach

★ Rueben Martinez, businessman and activist

★ Maria Mavroudi, historian

★ Vamsi Mootha, clinical molecular biologist

★ Judy Pfaff, American sculptor

★ Aminah Robinson, artist

★ Reginald Robinson, pianist and composer

★ Cheryl Rogowski, farmer

★ Amy Smith, inventor and mechanical engineer

★ Julie Theriot, microbiologist

★ C. D. Wright, poet MacArthur Fellows September 2004 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2005

★ Marin Alsop, symphony conductor

★ Ted Ames, fisherman, conservationist, marine biologist

★ Terry Belanger, rare book preservationist

★ Edet Belzberg, Documentary Filmmaker

★ Majora Carter, urban revitalization strategist

★ Lu Chen, Neuroscientist

★ Michael Cohen, pharmacist

★ Joseph Curtin, violinmaker

★ Aaron Dworkin, music Educator

★ Teresita Fernández, sculptor

★ Claire Gmachl, quantum cascade laser engineer

★ Sue Goldie, Physician /Researcher

★ Steven Goodman, conservation biologist

★ Pehr Harbury, Biochemist

★ Nicole King, molecular biologist

★ Jon Kleinberg, Computer Scientist

★ Jonathan Lethem, Novelist

★ Michael Manga, Geophysicist

★ Todd Martinez, Theoretical Chemist

★ Julie Mehretu, Painter

★ Kevin M. Murphy, Economist

★ Olufunmilayo Olopade, clinician/researcher

★ Fazal Sheikh, photographer

★ Emily Thompson, Aural Historian

★ Michael Walsh, vehicle emissions specialist MacArthur Fellows September 2005 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

2006

★ David Carroll (naturalist), naturalist author/illustrator

★ Regina Carter, jazz violinist

★ Kenneth C. Catania, neurobiologist

★ Lisa Curran, tropical forester

★ Kevin Eggan, biologist

★ James Fruchterman, technologist

★ Atul Gawande, surgeon and author

★ Linda Griffith, bioengineer

★ Victoria Hale, CEO OneWorld Health

★ Adrian Nicole LeBlanc, journalist and author

★ David Macaulay, author/illustrator

★ Josiah McElheny, sculptor

★ D. Holmes Morton, physician

★ John A. Rich, physician

★ Jennifer Richeson, social psychologist

★ Sarah Ruhl, playwright

★ George Saunders, short story writer

★ Anna Schuleit, commemorative artist

★ Shahzia Sikander, painter

★ Terence Tao, mathematician

★ Claire J. Tomlin, aviation engineer

★ Luis von Ahn, Carnegie Mellon University computer scientist

★ Edith Widder, deep-sea explorer

★ Matias Zaldarriaga, cosmologist

★ John Zorn, composer and musician MacArthur Fellows 2006 Overview The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

References in popular culture

★ In the television show ''Will and Grace'', during episode 6.17, Grace says to Will: "If the Macarthur Foundation gave out Evil Genius Grants, you would so win one."

★ In the ''Family Guy'' episode "Petarded," Peter takes the test for a MacArthur grant, believing himself to be a genius; however, the test results say that he is mentally retarded.

★ In the television show ''Friends'', during episode 9.20 (The One With the Soap Opera Party), Charlie (Aisha Tyler) says to Ross when describing her first boyfriend, "He did win the the Macarthur Genius Grant though." In response to all of her boyfriend winning Nobel Prizes except one.

References

External links

★ MacArthur Fellows Program website