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EspañolMINORU YAMASAKI
'Minoru Yamasaki' (December 1 1912 – February 6 1986) was an American architect best known for his design of the World Trade Center which was destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks. Yamasaki was one of the most prominent architects of the 20th century and his firm, Yamasaki & Associates, continues to live on. He and fellow architect Edward Durell Stone are generally considered to be the two master practitioners of "romanticized modernism".
_03.jpg)
Yamasaki, born in Seattle, Washington, was a second-generation Japanese American. He enrolled in the University of Washington program in architecture in 1929, and graduated with a Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.) in 1934.[1] During his college years, he was strongly encouraged by faculty member Lionel Pries. He earned money to pay for his tuition by working at an Alaskan salmon cannery.[2]
After moving to New York City in the 1930s, he enrolled at New York University for a master's degree in architecture and got a job with the architecture firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, designers of the Empire State Building. In 1945, Yamasaki moved to Detroit, where he was hired by Smith, Hinchman, and Grylls.[3] Yamasaki left the firm in 1949, and started his own partnership. In 1964 Yamasaki received a D.F.A. from Bates College.
Yamasaki was first married in 1941 and had two other wives before marrying his first wife again in 1969. He died of cancer in 1986, and hence did not live to see the destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center on September 11 2001.
His first significant project was the Pruitt-Igoe housing project in St. Louis, Missouri, 1955. Despite his love of Japanese traditional design, this was a stark, modernist concrete structure. The housing project experienced so many problems that it was demolished in 1972, less than twenty years after its completion. Its destruction is considered by some to be the beginning of postmodern architecture.
He also designed several "sleek" international airport buildings and was responsible for the innovative design of the 1,360 foot (415 metre) towers of the World Trade Center, for which design began in 1965, and construction in 1972. Many of his buildings are loosely inspired by Gothic architecture and make use of extremely narrow vertical windows. This narrow-windowed style arose from his own personal fear of heights.
Yamasaki was an original member of the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, which was tasked with restoring the grand avenue in Washington, D.C., but resigned after disagreements and disillusionment with the design by committee approach.[4]
After teaming up with Emery Roth and Sons on the design of the World Trade Center, they teamed up again on other projects including new defense buildings at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington, D.C.[5]
★ Bank of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1977[6]
★ Behavioral Sciences Building - Harvard University
★ Carleton College buildings: Olin Hall of Science 1961, Goodhue Dormitory 1962, West Gym 1964, Cowling Rec Center 1965, Watson Hall 1966 and 1961 4th Floor addition to Myers Hall.[7].
★ Columbia Center, Troy, Michigan
★ Century Plaza Towers , Los Angeles, 1975
★ Dhahran International Airport - Civil Air Terminal
★ Eastern Airlines Terminal, (Logan Airport Terminal A) Boston, Massachusetts, 1969 (Demolished 2002)[8].
★ Eastern Province International Airport, Saudi Arabia, 1985
★ Education Building, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
★ Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond , Richmond, Virginia
★ Federal Science Pavilion, Seattle World's Fair, 1962
★ Founder's Hall, Shinji Shumeikai, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, 1982
★ Gratiot Urban Redevelopment Project, Detroit, Michigan, 1954
★ Helen L. DeRoy Auditorium Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
★ Horace Mann Educators Insurance Co., Springfield, Illinois, 1979
★ IBM Building, Seattle, Washington
★ Irwin Library, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana
★ Japan Center, San Francisco, California, 1968
★ John Marshall Middle School, Westland, Michigan
★ King Building, Oberlin College, 1966
★ Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, 1956
★ M&T Bank Center, Buffalo, 1967
★ McGregor Memorial Conference Center, Wayne State Univ., Detroit
★ Michigan Consolidated Gas Co., Detroit, Michigan, 1963
★ Military Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Missouri
★ Montgomery Ward Corporate Headquarter Tower (built 1972), Chicago, Illinois (converted into high-rise residential condominiums in 2005)
★ Robertson Hall, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs,Princeton University
★ North Shore Congregation Israel, Glenco, Illinois, 1964[9]
★ Northwestern National Life Insurance Co., Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1964
★ Oberlin Conservatory of Music (photo)Oberlin College, 1963
★ One Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan
★ Pahlavi University in Shiraz, Iran
★ Performing Arts Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1976
★ Pruitt-Igoe housing project, St. Louis, Missouri (demolished in 1972)
★ Queen Emma Gardens, Honolulu, 1964
★ Rainier Bank Tower, Seattle, Washington, 1977
★ Reynolds Metals Regional Sales Office, Southfield, Michigan, 1959
★ Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency Head Office, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1981
★ Temple Beth El, Birmingham, 1974
★ United States Consulate in Kobe, Japan 1955
★ United States Pavilion, World Agricultural Fair, New Delhi, India, 1959
★ University School, Grosse Pointe,Michigan 1954
★ Wascana Centre and the University of Regina
★ Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 1965
★ World Trade Center Tower 1 and Tower 2, New York City, New York (destroyed on 9/11/2001 by terrorist attack)
★ Yamasaki won the American Institute of Architects' First Honor Award three times.
★ Building of the World Trade Center
1. Architect Named for Trade Center
2. Center Will Reflect Architectural Collaboration
3. Pools, Domes, Yamasaki - Debate
4. N.Y.C. Architectural Ups and Downs
5. 2 Firms Are Welding Abilities to Plan World Trade Center
6. Minoru Yamasaki, world-class architect
7. Historical Building Information Carleton College Facilities Management
8. 2002 EDR Logan International Airport Massport
9. North Shore Congregation Israel About Us Facilities
Yamasaki, Minoru, ''A Life in Architecture,'' Weatherhill, NY 1979 ISBN 0834801361
★ GreatBuildings.com listing
★ Seattle Architect Created Trade Center as Peace Symbol Seattle P-I, September 13, 2001
| Contents |
| Biography |
| Works |
| Structures Designed by Minoru Yamasaki |
| Honors |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Biography
The former World Trade Center
_03.jpg)
Torre Picasso, in Madrid.
The Conservatory of Music at Oberlin College, designed by Yamasaki in 1963. The distinctive style is similar to Yamasaki's design of the World Trade Center.
Yamasaki, born in Seattle, Washington, was a second-generation Japanese American. He enrolled in the University of Washington program in architecture in 1929, and graduated with a Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.) in 1934.[1] During his college years, he was strongly encouraged by faculty member Lionel Pries. He earned money to pay for his tuition by working at an Alaskan salmon cannery.[2]
After moving to New York City in the 1930s, he enrolled at New York University for a master's degree in architecture and got a job with the architecture firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, designers of the Empire State Building. In 1945, Yamasaki moved to Detroit, where he was hired by Smith, Hinchman, and Grylls.[3] Yamasaki left the firm in 1949, and started his own partnership. In 1964 Yamasaki received a D.F.A. from Bates College.
Yamasaki was first married in 1941 and had two other wives before marrying his first wife again in 1969. He died of cancer in 1986, and hence did not live to see the destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center on September 11 2001.
Works
His first significant project was the Pruitt-Igoe housing project in St. Louis, Missouri, 1955. Despite his love of Japanese traditional design, this was a stark, modernist concrete structure. The housing project experienced so many problems that it was demolished in 1972, less than twenty years after its completion. Its destruction is considered by some to be the beginning of postmodern architecture.
He also designed several "sleek" international airport buildings and was responsible for the innovative design of the 1,360 foot (415 metre) towers of the World Trade Center, for which design began in 1965, and construction in 1972. Many of his buildings are loosely inspired by Gothic architecture and make use of extremely narrow vertical windows. This narrow-windowed style arose from his own personal fear of heights.
Yamasaki was an original member of the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, which was tasked with restoring the grand avenue in Washington, D.C., but resigned after disagreements and disillusionment with the design by committee approach.[4]
After teaming up with Emery Roth and Sons on the design of the World Trade Center, they teamed up again on other projects including new defense buildings at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington, D.C.[5]
Structures Designed by Minoru Yamasaki
★ Bank of Oklahoma, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1977[6]
★ Behavioral Sciences Building - Harvard University
★ Carleton College buildings: Olin Hall of Science 1961, Goodhue Dormitory 1962, West Gym 1964, Cowling Rec Center 1965, Watson Hall 1966 and 1961 4th Floor addition to Myers Hall.[7].
★ Columbia Center, Troy, Michigan
★ Century Plaza Towers , Los Angeles, 1975
★ Dhahran International Airport - Civil Air Terminal
★ Eastern Airlines Terminal, (Logan Airport Terminal A) Boston, Massachusetts, 1969 (Demolished 2002)[8].
★ Eastern Province International Airport, Saudi Arabia, 1985
★ Education Building, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
★ Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond , Richmond, Virginia
★ Federal Science Pavilion, Seattle World's Fair, 1962
★ Founder's Hall, Shinji Shumeikai, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, 1982
★ Gratiot Urban Redevelopment Project, Detroit, Michigan, 1954
★ Helen L. DeRoy Auditorium Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
★ Horace Mann Educators Insurance Co., Springfield, Illinois, 1979
★ IBM Building, Seattle, Washington
★ Irwin Library, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana
★ Japan Center, San Francisco, California, 1968
★ John Marshall Middle School, Westland, Michigan
★ King Building, Oberlin College, 1966
★ Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, 1956
★ M&T Bank Center, Buffalo, 1967
★ McGregor Memorial Conference Center, Wayne State Univ., Detroit
★ Michigan Consolidated Gas Co., Detroit, Michigan, 1963
★ Military Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Missouri
★ Montgomery Ward Corporate Headquarter Tower (built 1972), Chicago, Illinois (converted into high-rise residential condominiums in 2005)
★ Robertson Hall, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs,Princeton University
★ North Shore Congregation Israel, Glenco, Illinois, 1964[9]
★ Northwestern National Life Insurance Co., Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1964
★ Oberlin Conservatory of Music (photo)Oberlin College, 1963
★ One Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan
★ Pahlavi University in Shiraz, Iran
★ Performing Arts Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1976
★ Pruitt-Igoe housing project, St. Louis, Missouri (demolished in 1972)
★ Queen Emma Gardens, Honolulu, 1964
★ Rainier Bank Tower, Seattle, Washington, 1977
★ Reynolds Metals Regional Sales Office, Southfield, Michigan, 1959
★ Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency Head Office, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1981
★ Temple Beth El, Birmingham, 1974
★ United States Consulate in Kobe, Japan 1955
★ United States Pavilion, World Agricultural Fair, New Delhi, India, 1959
★ University School, Grosse Pointe,Michigan 1954
★ Wascana Centre and the University of Regina
★ Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 1965
★ World Trade Center Tower 1 and Tower 2, New York City, New York (destroyed on 9/11/2001 by terrorist attack)
Honors
★ Yamasaki won the American Institute of Architects' First Honor Award three times.
See also
★ Building of the World Trade Center
References
1. Architect Named for Trade Center
2. Center Will Reflect Architectural Collaboration
3. Pools, Domes, Yamasaki - Debate
4. N.Y.C. Architectural Ups and Downs
5. 2 Firms Are Welding Abilities to Plan World Trade Center
6. Minoru Yamasaki, world-class architect
7. Historical Building Information Carleton College Facilities Management
8. 2002 EDR Logan International Airport Massport
9. North Shore Congregation Israel About Us Facilities
Yamasaki, Minoru, ''A Life in Architecture,'' Weatherhill, NY 1979 ISBN 0834801361
External links
★ GreatBuildings.com listing
★ Seattle Architect Created Trade Center as Peace Symbol Seattle P-I, September 13, 2001
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