A 'nodule' describes an aggregation of similar cells or particles in a number of scientific fields:
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Nodule (geology), a small knobbly rock or
mineral cluster, such as a
manganese nodule
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Nodule (medicine), a small aggregation of
cells
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Root nodule, an outgrowth formed on the roots of
legumes that house
symbiotic bacteria that
fix atmospheric nitrogen and provide it to the plant in exchange for carbon