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In zoological nomenclature, a '''nomen dubium''' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural '''nomina dubia''') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Note that in the ''ICBN'' and ''ICNB'' the phrase "''nomen dubium''" has no status.
In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a specimen belongs to that group or not. This may happen if the original type specimen, or holotype, is lost or destroyed. All codes of nomenclature allow for a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen in this case.
A name may also become a ''nomen dubium'' if its holotype is fragmentary or lacking important diagnostic features. (This is often the case for species known only as fossils.) To preserve stability of names, the ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' allows a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen for a ''nomen dubium'' in this case.
For example, the crocodile-like archosaurian reptile ''Parasuchus hislopi'' Lydekker, 1885 was described based on a premaxillary rostrum (part of the snout), but this is no longer sufficient to distinguish ''Parasuchus'' from its close relatives. This made the name ''Parasuchus hislopi'' a ''nomen dubium''. Texan paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee proposed that a new type specimen, a complete skeleton, be designated.[1] The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature considered the case and agreed in 2003 to replace the original type specimen with the proposed neotype.[2]
★ ''nomen nudum'', a name proposed with no description.
1. Case 3165, ''Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature'' 58:1, 30 March 2001.
2. Opinion 2045, ''Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature'' 60:2, 30 June 2003.
In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a specimen belongs to that group or not. This may happen if the original type specimen, or holotype, is lost or destroyed. All codes of nomenclature allow for a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen in this case.
A name may also become a ''nomen dubium'' if its holotype is fragmentary or lacking important diagnostic features. (This is often the case for species known only as fossils.) To preserve stability of names, the ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' allows a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen for a ''nomen dubium'' in this case.
For example, the crocodile-like archosaurian reptile ''Parasuchus hislopi'' Lydekker, 1885 was described based on a premaxillary rostrum (part of the snout), but this is no longer sufficient to distinguish ''Parasuchus'' from its close relatives. This made the name ''Parasuchus hislopi'' a ''nomen dubium''. Texan paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee proposed that a new type specimen, a complete skeleton, be designated.[1] The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature considered the case and agreed in 2003 to replace the original type specimen with the proposed neotype.[2]
| Contents |
| See also |
| References |
See also
★ ''nomen nudum'', a name proposed with no description.
References
1. Case 3165, ''Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature'' 58:1, 30 March 2001.
2. Opinion 2045, ''Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature'' 60:2, 30 June 2003.
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