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(Redirected from Oberst (rank))
'Oberst' ( in German) is a military rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark and Norway. The Swedish rank ''överste'' is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank ''eversti'' and the Icelandic rank ''ofursti''.
Oberst is a German word. Spelled with a capital O, "Oberst" is a noun and defines the military rank of colonel or group captain. Spelled with a lower case o, or "oberst", it is an adjective, meaning ''top, topmost, uppermost, highest, chief, head, first, principal, or supreme''. Both usages derive from the superlative of ''ober(e)'', “the upper” or “the uppermost”.
As a 'family name', Oberst is common in the southwest of Germany, in the area known as the Black Forest (Schwarzwald). The name is also concentrated in the north-central cantons of Switzerland (Aargau & Zurich). Here the Swiss version of Oberst is spelled Obrist. The name first appeared in the thirteenth century CE in the German-Swiss border area, and early forms were Zoberist and Oberist. The name most likely refers to the "tribe that lives the highest on the mountain" or "the family that lives the highest in the village".
Translated as "superior" or "supreme", the 'rank' of Oberst can trace its origins to the Middle Ages where the term most likely described the senior knight on a battlefield or the senior captain in a regiment. With the emergence of professional armies in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, an Oberst became the officer in charge of regiment or battalion-sized formations.
By the eighteenth century, Obersts were typically afforded aides or lieutenants, often called by the title ''Oberstleutnant''. This led to formation of the modern German rank of the same name, translated as Lieutenant Colonel.
Oberst was used in the militaries of Germany and Austria during both World Wars. Oberst was also used as the prefix of the now obsolete SS rank of ''Oberstgruppenführer''. The direct SS equivalent to an Oberst was known as a ''Standartenführer''. A Colonel General during the World Wars was called ''Generaloberst''.
'Oberst' ( in German) is a military rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark and Norway. The Swedish rank ''överste'' is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank ''eversti'' and the Icelandic rank ''ofursti''.
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| History |
History
Oberst is a German word. Spelled with a capital O, "Oberst" is a noun and defines the military rank of colonel or group captain. Spelled with a lower case o, or "oberst", it is an adjective, meaning ''top, topmost, uppermost, highest, chief, head, first, principal, or supreme''. Both usages derive from the superlative of ''ober(e)'', “the upper” or “the uppermost”.
As a 'family name', Oberst is common in the southwest of Germany, in the area known as the Black Forest (Schwarzwald). The name is also concentrated in the north-central cantons of Switzerland (Aargau & Zurich). Here the Swiss version of Oberst is spelled Obrist. The name first appeared in the thirteenth century CE in the German-Swiss border area, and early forms were Zoberist and Oberist. The name most likely refers to the "tribe that lives the highest on the mountain" or "the family that lives the highest in the village".
Translated as "superior" or "supreme", the 'rank' of Oberst can trace its origins to the Middle Ages where the term most likely described the senior knight on a battlefield or the senior captain in a regiment. With the emergence of professional armies in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, an Oberst became the officer in charge of regiment or battalion-sized formations.
By the eighteenth century, Obersts were typically afforded aides or lieutenants, often called by the title ''Oberstleutnant''. This led to formation of the modern German rank of the same name, translated as Lieutenant Colonel.
Oberst was used in the militaries of Germany and Austria during both World Wars. Oberst was also used as the prefix of the now obsolete SS rank of ''Oberstgruppenführer''. The direct SS equivalent to an Oberst was known as a ''Standartenführer''. A Colonel General during the World Wars was called ''Generaloberst''.
| Junior Rank 'Oberstleutnant' | 'German officer rank' 'Oberst' | Senior Rank 'Brigadegeneral' |
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