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EspañolORDERS, DECORATIONS, AND MEDALS OF AUSTRALIA
The 'Australian honours system' until 1975 was part of the British honours system.
In 1975, the Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam inaugurated the Order of Australia expressly to supersede all other honours for Australian purposes. Under the Fraser Liberal Government (1975-83), the older honours were restored and a knighthood added to the Order of Australia. The succeeding Hawke Labor Government (1983-91) removed the Knight and Dame designation. The use of the old honours system declined and was brought to an end by the Queen in 1994. The Queen does still confer honours that emanate from her personally rather than through the government, in particular the Order of the Garter (last awarded to former Governor-General Sir Ninian Stephen), the Order of Merit (last awarded to Dame Joan Sutherland) and the Royal Victorian Order (for services to the Sovereign).
Any person or organisation can make nominations of Australian citizens for Australian honours. Non-Australians can be given honorary awards for "extraordinary service to Australia or humanity at large."[1]
Nomination Forms for the Order of Australia are available through the Australian Honours Secretariat website web site or upon application to Honours Secretariat at Government House, Canberra or from any state Government House.
The Australian Honours System contains awards in addition to the Order of Australia. These include bravery awards, meritorious service awards, overseas service and long service awards.
Main articles: Order of Australia
The Order of Australia insignia were designed by Stuart Devlin in 1976. Devlin used the livery colours of the Australian Coat of Arms, gold and royal blue. He also translated an individual ball of wattle blossom into a simple convex golden disc with a rich texture of beads and radiating lines accentuating a ring of blue enamel representing the sea.
The disc is surmounted by an enamel Crown signifying the position of The Order of Australia as an Australian Royal Honour. The Sovereign is Head of the Order of Australia. The Governor-General is Principal Companion and Chancellor of the Order of Australia. The blue and gold theme is continued in the ribbon. Most of the insignia pieces are produced by the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra. The actual pieces for the two Divisions of the Order are identical: it is only the ribbon which differentiates an award between the General and the Military Divisions. In the Military Division the ribbon is distinguished by the addition of a narrow gold band on each edge.
When established there was the ability for the Crown to appoint Knights and Dames to the Order. This was removed on the advice of Prime Minister Hawke in 1986 without prejudice to any person who had been admitted to the Order at that grade. Currently there are four grades within the Order in both Military and General Divisions. Persons can not be admitted to the Order posthumously.
The Council for the Order of Australia makes recommendations to the Governor-General as to the appropriateness of a nominee to be admitted to the Order and at what grade. It is up to the Honours Secretariat to provide the council with as much fully verified information as is possible on each nominee so that appropriate consideration may be given to each case. This is a long process and up to eighteen months can elapse between the original submission and publication of a successful nomination.
;Knight / Dame of the Order of Australia (AK / AD): Appointments to this class of the Order were stopped on 3 March 1986. The following are the 12 men and 2 women who were made Knights or Dames of the Order:
★ Sir Garfield Barwick - 8 June 1981
★ Sir MacFarlane Burnet - 26 January 1978
★ HRH Charles Prince of Wales - 14 March 1981
★ Sir Charles Court - 14 June 1982
★ Sir Zelman Cowen, Governor-General - 8 December 1977
★ Sir Roden Cutler - 7 April 1981
★ Dame Alexandra Hasluck - 6 June 1978
★ Sir Gordon Jackson - 13 June 1983
★ Sir John Kerr, Governor-General - 24 May 1976
★ Dame Enid Lyons - 26 January 1980
★ Sir Robert Menzies - 7 June 1976
★ Sir Ninian Stephen, Governor-General - 29 July 1982
★ Sir Colin Syme - 6 June 1977
★ Sir Roy Wright - 26 January 1983.
;Companion in the Order of Australia (AC): Appointments are made for eminent achievement and merit of the highest degree in service to Australia or to humanity at large. Excluding honorary appointments, no more than 25 Companions shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Officer in the Order of Australia (AO): Appointments made for distinguished service of a high degree to Australia or to humanity at large. Excluding honorary appointments, no more than 100 Officers shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Member in the Order of Australia (AM): Appointment made for service in a particular locality or field of activity or to a particular group. Excluding honorary appointment s no more than 225 Members shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM): Awarded for service worthy of particular recognition. There is no quota limit on awards of the Medal of the Order.
★ Victoria Cross for Australia (VC)
★ Star of Gallantry (SG)
★ Medal for Gallantry (MG)
★ Commendation for Gallantry
★ Cross of Valour (CV)
★ Star of Courage (SC)
★ Bravery Medal (BM)
★ Commendation for Brave Conduct
★ Group Bravery Citation
'Distinguished Service Decorations'
★ Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)
★ Distinguished Service Medal (DSM)
★ Commendation for Distinguished Service
'Conspicuous Service Decorations'
★ Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC)
★ Conspicuous Service Medal (CSM)
'Nursing'
★ Nursing Service Cross (NSC)
★ Public Service Medal (PSM)
★ Australian Police Medal (APM)
★ Australian Fire Service Medal (AFSM)
★ Ambulance Service Medal (ASM)
★ Emergency Services Medal (ESM)
★ Australian Antarctic Medal (AAM)
★ Australia Service Medal 1939-45
★ Civilian Service Medal 1939-1945
★ Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975
★ Australian Service Medal 1945-1975
★ Vietnam Medal
★ Vietnam Logistic and Support Medal
★ Australian Active Service Medal
★ International Force East Timor Medal
★ Australian Service Medal
★ Rhodesia Medal
★ Police Overseas Service Medal (Australia)
★ Humanitarian Overseas Service Medal
★ Afghanistan Medal
★ Iraq Medal
★ Champion Shots Medal (Australia) [1]
★ 80th Anniversary Armistice Remembrance Medal [2]
★ Australian Sports Medal [3]
★ Centenary Medal [4]
★ Anniversary of National Service 1951-1972 Medal
★ Defence Force Service Medal
★ Reserve Force Decoration (RFD)
★ Reserve Force Medal
★ Defence Long Service Medal
★ National Medal
★ Australian Cadet Forces Service Medal
★ Australian Defence Medal
★ Australian Honours Order of Precedence
★ Australian of the Year
★ British honours system
★ The Oxford Companion to Australian History, Bruce Knox, , , Oxford University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-19-553597-9
★ The Australian Government Honours and Awards Website
★ MSM Awards - Australian Awards
In 1975, the Australian prime minister Gough Whitlam inaugurated the Order of Australia expressly to supersede all other honours for Australian purposes. Under the Fraser Liberal Government (1975-83), the older honours were restored and a knighthood added to the Order of Australia. The succeeding Hawke Labor Government (1983-91) removed the Knight and Dame designation. The use of the old honours system declined and was brought to an end by the Queen in 1994. The Queen does still confer honours that emanate from her personally rather than through the government, in particular the Order of the Garter (last awarded to former Governor-General Sir Ninian Stephen), the Order of Merit (last awarded to Dame Joan Sutherland) and the Royal Victorian Order (for services to the Sovereign).
Any person or organisation can make nominations of Australian citizens for Australian honours. Non-Australians can be given honorary awards for "extraordinary service to Australia or humanity at large."[1]
Nomination Forms for the Order of Australia are available through the Australian Honours Secretariat website web site or upon application to Honours Secretariat at Government House, Canberra or from any state Government House.
The Australian Honours System contains awards in addition to the Order of Australia. These include bravery awards, meritorious service awards, overseas service and long service awards.
Order of Australia
Main articles: Order of Australia
The Order of Australia insignia were designed by Stuart Devlin in 1976. Devlin used the livery colours of the Australian Coat of Arms, gold and royal blue. He also translated an individual ball of wattle blossom into a simple convex golden disc with a rich texture of beads and radiating lines accentuating a ring of blue enamel representing the sea.
The disc is surmounted by an enamel Crown signifying the position of The Order of Australia as an Australian Royal Honour. The Sovereign is Head of the Order of Australia. The Governor-General is Principal Companion and Chancellor of the Order of Australia. The blue and gold theme is continued in the ribbon. Most of the insignia pieces are produced by the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra. The actual pieces for the two Divisions of the Order are identical: it is only the ribbon which differentiates an award between the General and the Military Divisions. In the Military Division the ribbon is distinguished by the addition of a narrow gold band on each edge.
When established there was the ability for the Crown to appoint Knights and Dames to the Order. This was removed on the advice of Prime Minister Hawke in 1986 without prejudice to any person who had been admitted to the Order at that grade. Currently there are four grades within the Order in both Military and General Divisions. Persons can not be admitted to the Order posthumously.
The Council for the Order of Australia makes recommendations to the Governor-General as to the appropriateness of a nominee to be admitted to the Order and at what grade. It is up to the Honours Secretariat to provide the council with as much fully verified information as is possible on each nominee so that appropriate consideration may be given to each case. This is a long process and up to eighteen months can elapse between the original submission and publication of a successful nomination.
Classes
;Knight / Dame of the Order of Australia (AK / AD): Appointments to this class of the Order were stopped on 3 March 1986. The following are the 12 men and 2 women who were made Knights or Dames of the Order:
★ Sir Garfield Barwick - 8 June 1981
★ Sir MacFarlane Burnet - 26 January 1978
★ HRH Charles Prince of Wales - 14 March 1981
★ Sir Charles Court - 14 June 1982
★ Sir Zelman Cowen, Governor-General - 8 December 1977
★ Sir Roden Cutler - 7 April 1981
★ Dame Alexandra Hasluck - 6 June 1978
★ Sir Gordon Jackson - 13 June 1983
★ Sir John Kerr, Governor-General - 24 May 1976
★ Dame Enid Lyons - 26 January 1980
★ Sir Robert Menzies - 7 June 1976
★ Sir Ninian Stephen, Governor-General - 29 July 1982
★ Sir Colin Syme - 6 June 1977
★ Sir Roy Wright - 26 January 1983.
;Companion in the Order of Australia (AC): Appointments are made for eminent achievement and merit of the highest degree in service to Australia or to humanity at large. Excluding honorary appointments, no more than 25 Companions shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Officer in the Order of Australia (AO): Appointments made for distinguished service of a high degree to Australia or to humanity at large. Excluding honorary appointments, no more than 100 Officers shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Member in the Order of Australia (AM): Appointment made for service in a particular locality or field of activity or to a particular group. Excluding honorary appointment s no more than 225 Members shall be appointed in any calendar year.
;Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM): Awarded for service worthy of particular recognition. There is no quota limit on awards of the Medal of the Order.
Military Gallantry Decorations
★ Victoria Cross for Australia (VC)
★ Star of Gallantry (SG)
★ Medal for Gallantry (MG)
★ Commendation for Gallantry
Australian Bravery Decorations
★ Cross of Valour (CV)
★ Star of Courage (SC)
★ Bravery Medal (BM)
★ Commendation for Brave Conduct
★ Group Bravery Citation
Distinguished/Conspicuous/Nursing
'Distinguished Service Decorations'
★ Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)
★ Distinguished Service Medal (DSM)
★ Commendation for Distinguished Service
'Conspicuous Service Decorations'
★ Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC)
★ Conspicuous Service Medal (CSM)
'Nursing'
★ Nursing Service Cross (NSC)
Meritorious
★ Public Service Medal (PSM)
★ Australian Police Medal (APM)
★ Australian Fire Service Medal (AFSM)
★ Ambulance Service Medal (ASM)
★ Emergency Services Medal (ESM)
★ Australian Antarctic Medal (AAM)
Australian Service/Campaign
★ Australia Service Medal 1939-45
★ Civilian Service Medal 1939-1945
★ Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975
★ Australian Service Medal 1945-1975
★ Vietnam Medal
★ Vietnam Logistic and Support Medal
★ Australian Active Service Medal
★ International Force East Timor Medal
★ Australian Service Medal
★ Rhodesia Medal
★ Police Overseas Service Medal (Australia)
★ Humanitarian Overseas Service Medal
★ Afghanistan Medal
★ Iraq Medal
Champion Shots
★ Champion Shots Medal (Australia) [1]
Commemorative
★ 80th Anniversary Armistice Remembrance Medal [2]
★ Australian Sports Medal [3]
★ Centenary Medal [4]
★ Anniversary of National Service 1951-1972 Medal
Long Service Awards
★ Defence Force Service Medal
★ Reserve Force Decoration (RFD)
★ Reserve Force Medal
★ Defence Long Service Medal
★ National Medal
★ Australian Cadet Forces Service Medal
★ Australian Defence Medal
See also
★ Australian Honours Order of Precedence
★ Australian of the Year
★ British honours system
References
★ The Oxford Companion to Australian History, Bruce Knox, , , Oxford University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-19-553597-9
External links
★ The Australian Government Honours and Awards Website
★ MSM Awards - Australian Awards
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