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EspañolOSAKA-KOBE-KYOTO
Osaka-Kobe area. Kyoto is to the northeast
'Ōsaka-Kōbe-Kyōto' ('Greater Osaka') is a metropolitan region encompassing the metropolitan areas of the cities of Osaka in Osaka prefecture, Kobe in Hyōgo Prefecture, and Kyoto in Kyoto prefecture. The entire region has a population (as of 2000) of 18,644,000 over an area of 11,170 km².Japan Statistics Bureau - "2000 Census: Table 92. Population in Major Metropolitan Areas and Metropolitan Areas", retrieved February 8, 2007 It is Japan's second most populated urban region after the Greater Tokyo Area, containing roughly 15% of Japan's population.
The region is often known as 'Keihanshin' (京阪神) in the Japanese language. This name is constructed by extracting a representative kanji from Kyoto (京都), Osaka (大阪), and Kobe (神戸), but using the Chinese reading instead of the corresponding Japanese reading for each of the characters taken from Osaka and Kobe.
Definitions
Range of distance (キロ圏)
The Japan Statistics Bureau defines the set of municipalities that are entirely or mostly within 50 km of the municipal office of Osaka-shi as one measure of the metropolitan area. As of 2000, the population for this region was 16,566,704.[1]
Metropolitan Employment Area (都市雇用圏)
The Metropolitan Employment Area is a metropolitan area definition developed at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Tokyo.[2] This definition is analogous to the Metropolitan Statistical Area concept used to delineate metropolitan areas in the United States. The basic building blocks are municipalities.
The core area is the set of municipalities that contain a ''densely inhabited district'' (DID) with a population of 50,000 or more. A DID is a group of census enumeration districts inhabited at densities of 4,000 or more persons per km². Outlying areas are those municipalities where 10% or more of the employed population work in the core area or in another outlying area. Overlaps are not allowed and an outlying area is assigned to the core area where it has the highest commuter ratio.
This definition assigns a metropolitan employment area to the following cities of the Keihanshin region: Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, Himeji, and Wakayama. The lists below indicate which cities belong to which metropolitan area. Towns and villages are not listed.
Osaka metropolitan area
The Osaka metropolitan area has a population (as of 2000) of 12,116,540[3] and consists of the following cities:
★ Core cities: Osaka, Higsahiosaka, Kadoma, Moriguchi
★ Outlying cities:
★
★ Osaka Prefecture (entire prefecture)
★
★ Hyōgo Prefecture (southeastern part): Amagasaki, Nishinomiya, Ashiya, Itami, Takarazuka, Kawanishi, Sanda
★
★ Nara Prefecture (northern part): Nara, Tenri, Yamatotakada, Yamatokoriyama, Kashihara, Sakurai, Gose, Ikoma, Kashiba, Katsuragi
★
★ Other cities: Nabari (Mie), Yawata (Kyoto), Hashimoto (Wakayama)
Kyoto metropolitan area
The Kyoto metropolitan area has a population (as of 2000) of 2,583,304[3] and consists of the following cities:
★ Core cities: Kyoto
★ Outlying cities
★
★ Kyoto Prefecture (southern part): Uji, Kameoka, Joyo, Muko, Nagaokakyo, Kyotanabe
★
★ Shiga Prefecture (southwestern part): Otsu, Kusatsu
Kobe metropolitan area
The Kobe metropolitan area has a population (as of 2000) of 2,296,268[3] and consists of the following cities:
★ Core cities: Kobe
★ Outlying cities
★
★ Hyōgo Prefecture (southern part): Akashi, Kakogawa, Takasago, Miki, and Awaji
Himeji metropolitan area
The Himeji metropolitan area has a population (as of 2000) of 741,759[3] and consists of the following cities:
★ Core cities: Himeji
★ Outlying cities
★
★ Hyōgo Prefecture (southwestern part): Aioi, Tatsuno
Wakayama metropolitan area
The Wakayama metropolitan area has a population (as of 2000) of 573,308[3] and consists of the following cities:
★ Core cities: Wakayama
★ Outlying cities
★
★ Wakayama Prefecture (northwestern part): Kainan
Immediate commuter sphere (直接通勤圏)
Major metropolitan area
The Japan Statistics Bureau defines a major metropolitan area or MMA (大都市圏) as the set of municipalities where at least 1.5% of the resident population aged 15 and above commute to school or work in a designated city (defined as the core area).[8] If multiple designated cities are close enough to have overlapping outlying areas, they are combined into a single multi-core area. In the 2000 census, the designated cities used to define the Keihanshin MMA were Osaka, Kobe, and Kyoto.
This region consists of the combination of the metropolitan areas of Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto, and Himeji, and additionally includes several periurban areas (particularly in southern Shiga Prefecture) that are not part of the four metropolitan areas. The additional cities are (towns/villages are not listed):
★ Hyōgo Prefecture: Ono, Kasai, Sasayama
★ Shiga Prefecture: Hikone, Omihachiman, Moriyama, Yasu, Higashiomi, Koka, Ritto, Takashima
★ Mie Prefecture: Iga
★ Nara Prefecture: Gojo
As of 2000, the entire Keihanshin region had a population of 18,643,915 over an area of 11,169 km².
Transportation
Major Airports
★ Osaka International Airport
★ Kansai International Airport
★ Kobe Airport
Major Ports
★ Port of Osaka
★ Port of Kobe
Major Railways
★ JR West
★
★ ●Kobe Line (Sanyō Main Line)
★
★ ●Kyoto Line (Tōkaidō Main Line)
★
★ ●Kosei Line (Biwako Line)
★
★ ●Osaka Loop Line
★
★ ●Hanwa Line
★
★ ●Kansai Main Line
★
★ ●Sanin Main Line / Sagano Line
★
★ ●Tozai Line / Gakkentoshi Line
★ JR Central
★
★ Tōkaidō Shinkansen
★ JR West
★
★ Sanyō Shinkansen
★ Hanshin Main Line
★ Keifuku Electric Railroad
★
★ Hankai Line
★
★ Hankai Uemachi Line
★ Hankyu Railway
★
★ ●Hankyu Kobe Line
★
★ ●Hankyu Takarazuka Line
★
★ ●Hankyu Kyoto Line
★ Keihan Main Line
★ Kintetsu
★
★ Kintetsu Kashihara Line
★
★ Kintetsu Osaka Line
★
★ Kintetsu Nara Line
★
★ Kintetsu Minami-Osaka Line
★
★ Kintetsu Keihanna Line
★
★ Kintetsu Yoshino Line
★ Nankai Electric Railway
★
★ Nankai Main Line
★
★ Nankai Koya Line
★ Kita-Osaka Kyuko Railway
★ Osaka Municipal Subway
★
★ ●Chūō
★
★ ●Imazatosuji
★
★ ●Midōsuji
★
★ ●Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi
★
★ ●Sennichimae
★
★ ●Sakaisuji
★
★ ●Tanimachi
★
★ ●Yotsubashi
★
★ ●New Tram
★ Kyoto Municipal Subway
★
★ ●Karasuma Line
★
★ ●Tōzai Line
★ Kobe Municipal Subway
★
★ ●Seishin-Yamate Line
★
★ ●Kaigan Line
★ Osaka Monorail
★ Kobe Electric Railway
★
★ Shintetsu Arima Line
★
★ Shintetsu Ao Line
★
★ Shintetsu Sanda Line
★ Sanyo Electric Railway
★ Kobe Rapid Railway
★ Keifuku Electric Railroad
★ Nose Electric Railway
★ Kobe New Transit
Major Expressways,National highways
★ Meishin Expressway
★ Chūgoku Expressway
★ Sanyō Expressway
★ Kinki Expressway
★ Maizuru Expressway ( To Maizuru )
★ West-Meihan Expressway ( To Nara Prefecture,Nagoya )
★ Hanwa Expressway ( To Wakayama Prefecture )
★ Hanshin Expressway
★ Route 1
★ Route 2
★ Route 9
★ Route 24 (Kyoto - Nara Prefecture - Wakayama Prefecture)
★ Route 25 (Osaka - Nara - Nagoya)
★ Route 26 (Osaka - Wakayama)
★ Route 28 (Kobe - Awaji - Tokushima, Tokushima)
★ Route 171 (Kobe - Kyoto , San'yōdō)
★ Route 423 (Osaka - Senri - Kameoka , "New-Midosuji")
See also
Economy
★ Hanshin Industrial Region (Osaka and Kobe area)
★ Kansai Science City
See also
★ Kansai region
★ Kamigata
★ List of metropolitan areas in Japan by population
★ List of metropolitan areas by population
References
1. Japan Statistics Bureau - Basic Figures for Range of Distance
2. University of Tokyo - Overview of Urban Employment Areas
3. University of Tokyo - Urban Employment Area Code Tables
4. University of Tokyo - Urban Employment Area Code Tables
5. University of Tokyo - Urban Employment Area Code Tables
6. University of Tokyo - Urban Employment Area Code Tables
7. University of Tokyo - Urban Employment Area Code Tables
8. Japan Statistics Bureau - Definition of Major Metropolitan Area
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