PARKER BROTHERS

'Parker Brothers' is a toy and game manufacturer and brand. For almost 115 years the company published more than 1800 games;^[1] among their best known products are ''Monopoly'', ''Cluedo'' (known as ''Clue'' in North America), ''Risk'', Trivial Pursuit, Ouija and Probe. Parker Brothers is currently a subsidiary of Hasbro.

Contents

Founding

References

See also

External links

Founding

Parker Brothers was founded by George S. Parker, who published his first game, called Banking, in 1883 at the age of 16. ^[2] Banking is a game in which players borrowed money from the bank and tried to generate wealth by guessing how well they could do.^[3] The game included one hundred and sixty cards which foretold their failures or successes. The game was so popular among family and friends that his brother, Charles Parker urged him to publish it. George approached two Boston publishers with the idea, but was unsuccessful. Not discouraged, he spent forty dollars to publish 500 sets of Banking.^[2] He eventually sold all but twelve copies and made a one hundred dollar profit.^[2] The company was originally called the ''George S. Parker Company'' and was founded in Salem, Massachusetts in 1883. When George's brother Charles joined the business in 1888, the company's name was changed to its more familiar form. In 1898 a third brother, Edward H. Parker, joined the company. For many years, George designed most of the games himself, and wrote all the rules. Many games were based on important events of the day: ''Klondike'' was based on the Alaskan gold rush, and ''War in Cuba'' was based on the impending Spanish-American War.
The game industry was growing, and the company was becoming very profitable. In 1906, Parker Brothers published the game ''Rook'', their most successful card game to this day and it quickly became the best-selling game in the country. During the Great Depression, a time when many companies went out of business, Parker Brothers released a new board game called ''Monopoly''. Although the company had originally rejected the game in 1934, they decided to publish it the next year.^[6] It was an instant success, and the company had difficulty for quite a while keeping up with demand. The company continued to grow throughout the next several decades, producing such lasting games as ''Clue'', ''Risk'', and ''Sorry!''.
Even after George Parker's death, the company remained family-owned until 1963, when General Mills purchased the company. After this, Parker Brothers produced the first ''Nerf ball'', and ''Nerf'' products soon became another major national hit. In the UK during the 70's, Parker Bros. was the games division of Palitoy (also a General Mills company), and produced a variety of releases such as Escape From Colditz. The company began to produce electronic versions of their popular board games in the late 1970s and early 1980s. They also produced video games for various systems during the early 1980s, with home ports of many popular arcade games like Sega's Frogger and Gottlieb's Q
★ Bert. During the 1980s, General Mills sold the company to Kenner, which was acquired by Tonka. In 1991, Parker Brothers was bought by Hasbro.

References

1. http://www.hasbro.com/default.cfm?page=ci_history_pb
2. http://www.history.com/exhibits/toys/inventors.html
3. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/197323/a_history_of_parker_brothers.html
4. http://www.history.com/exhibits/toys/inventors.html
5. http://www.history.com/exhibits/toys/inventors.html
6. http://www.hasbro.com/monopoly/default.cfm?page=history

See also

★ Monopoly (game)

★ Cluedo

★ My Monopoly

★ Waddingtons

External links

★ The Game Makers, a book by Philip Orbanes, chronicles the history of Parker Brothers.

★ Parker Brothers on the History Channel