PENDULINE TIT

The 'penduline tits' are a family of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. All but the Verdin and Fire-capped Tit make elaborate bag nests hanging from trees, usually over water; inclusion of the Fire-capped Tit in this family is disputed by some authorities. They are insectivores.
Sometimes, these birds are included as subfamily 'Remizinae' in the titmice family Paridae. Which taxonomical lineup one prefers is very much indeed a matter of taste; that these familys are close relatives is well-established by now. If the penduline tits are included in the Paridae, the stenostirid "warblers" would have to be included as another subfamily, while if they are considered a separate family, the Sultan Tit and the Yellow-browed Tit would possibly need to be excluded from the Paridae (Gill ''et al.'' 2005; Jønsson & Fjeldsa 2006).
There are 13 species in 5 genera, following Harrap & Quinn (1996):
Genus ''Remiz ''

★ European Penduline Tit ''Remiz pendulinus''

★ Black-headed Penduline Tit ''Remiz macronyx''

★ White-crowned Penduline Tit ''Remiz coronatus''

★ Chinese Penduline Tit ''Remiz consobrinus''
Genus ''Anthoscopus ''

★ Sudan Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus punctifrons''

★ Yellow Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus parvulus''

★ Mouse-coloured Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus musculus''

★ Forest Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus flavifrons''

★ African Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus caroli''

★ Cape Penduline Tit ''Anthoscopus minutus''
Genus ''Cephalopyrus ''

★ Fire-capped Tit ''Cephalopyrus flammiceps''
Genus ''Auriparus ''

★ Verdin ''Auriparus flaviceps''
Genus ''Pholidornis ''

★ Tit-hylia ''Pholidornis rushiae''

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References

External links

References

★ 'Gill', Frank B.; Slikas, Beth & Sheldon, Frederick H. (2005): Phylogeny of titmice (Paridae): II. Species relationships based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome-''b'' gene. ''Auk'' '122': 121-143. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122[0121:POTPIS]2.0.CO;2 HTML abstract

★ 'Harrap', Simon & 'Quinn', David (1996): ''Tits, Nuthatches & Treecreepers''. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-3964-4

★ 'Jønsson', Knud A. & 'Fjeldså', Jon (2006): Determining biogeographical patterns of dispersal and diversification in oscine passerine birds in Australia, Southeast Asia and Africa. ''J. Biogeogr.'' '33'(7): 1155–1165. (HTML abstract)

External links

★ Internet Bird Collection: Penduline tit videos