PHOTODERMATITIS

'Photodermatitis', or sometimes called by the nonscientific term 'sun poisoning', is a reaction of the skin to UV rays of the sun, or photoallergy. It may be caused by a medication that makes the skin more sensitive, a skin product (e.g. sunscreen containing PABA, certain fragrances), autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or a vitamin deficiency. Doctors can determine the presence of the disorder through a photo test.

Contents

Causes

Symptoms

Prevention

Foods and treatment

References

Causes

Many medications cause sun sensitivity, including:

★ psoralens, coal tars, photo-active dyes (eosin, acridine orange)

★ musk ambrette, methylcoumarin, lemon oil (may be present in fragrances)

★ PABA (found in sunscreens)

★ salicylanilide (found in industrial cleaners)

★ Hexachlorophene (found in some Rx antibacterial soaps)

★ Contact with sap from Giant Hogweed. Common Rue (Ruta graveolins) is another phototoxic plant commonly found in gardens.

★ Tetracycline antibiotics

★ NSAIDs.

Symptoms

May result in swelling, a burning sensation, a red itchy rash sometimes resembling small blisters, and peeling of the skin. Nausea may also occur.

Prevention

Prevention includes avoiding exposure to the sun:

★ Stay inside during the brightest hours of the day, from noon to 3 p.m.

★ Cover up: wear long sleeves, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat whenever harsh exposure is probable. Remember that cloud cover does not provide protection from UV rays.

★ Avoid chemicals that may trigger a reaction (do not, however, stop taking medication without consulting a doctor).

★ Wear sunscreen^[1] at least factor 30 with a high UVA protection level.

★ If the symptoms are severe, see a doctor.

Foods and treatment

The following foods or treatment may also help:

★ Beta Carotene - found in carrots, not proven to be effective

★ Omega-3 fatty acids - found in fish and flax seed

★ Protein - will especially help individuals whose malnutrition may be a contributing factor.

★ Vitamin B3, C, D, and E

★ Green tea - antioxidants

★ Calendula

★ Aloe - external use

References

1. AAD - The Sun and Your Skin, "Allergic Reactions" section