LAW AND JUSTICE
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(Redirected from PiS)
'Prawo i Sprawiedliwość' () (English: 'Law and Justice') is a Polish political party, currently part of the governing coalition. The party was established in 2001, by the Kaczyński twins: Lech, current President of Poland, and Jarosław, current party president and Prime Minister of Poland. Most party members were at one time associated with the now defunct Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność coalition, or the ROP.
In terms of European politics, the PiS has resemblances to the German CSU or Austrian ÖVP parties, although there are differences in economic policy and PiS is further to the right on cultural issues than both these parties. In the European parliament it is affiliated with the Union for a Europe of Nations group along with some conservative and/or nationalist parties. From an American perspective, PiS would be more comparable to Conservative Democrats rather than Republicans, because it combines social conservatism with a moderate, centrist stance on fiscal issues.
In comparison with the other major party with Solidarity roots (the PO), PiS projects a more traditional image overall. It has been claimed that their social policies are based on the anti-socialist Social Magisterium of the Catholic Church .
The party supports a state-guaranteed minimum social safety net and state intervention in the economy within market economy bounds. During the election campaign it proposed tax decrease to two personal tax rates (18% and 32%) instead of current three (19%, 30% and 40%), and tax rebates related to the number of children in a family, as well as a reduction of the VAT rate (while keeping a variation between individual types of VAT rates). However, this has not been implemented. Also: a continuation of privatisation with the exclusion of several dozen state companies deemed to be of strategic importance for the country. PiS opposes cutting social welfare spending, and also proposed the introduction of a system of state-guaranteed housing loans (also unimplemented).
PiS is a strong supporter of lustration (Polish: ''lustracja''), a verification system created ostensively to combat the influence of the Communist era security apparatus in Polish society. While current lustration laws require the verification of those who serve in public offices, PiS wants to expand the process to include university professors, lawyers, journalists, managers of large companies, and others performing "public functions." Those found to have collaborated with the security service, according to the party, should be forbidden to practice in their professions.
PiS also supports revealing the names of all secret agents from the time of the Communist regime.
PiS advocates increased criminal penalties. It postulates aggressive anti-corruption measures (including creation of an Anti-Corruption Office, open disclosure of the assets of politicians and important public servants), as well as broad and various measures to smooth the working of public institutions.
PiS has presented project for constitutional changes which includes, among others: allowing the president the right to pass laws by decree (when prompted to do so by the Cabinet), a reduction of the number of members of the Sejm and Senat, and removal of constitutional bodies overseeing the media and monetary policy.
The party is in favor of strengthening the Polish Army through diminishing bureaucracy and raising military expenditures, especially for modernization of army equipment. PiS plans to introduce a fully professional army and end conscription by 2012. It is also in favor of participation of Poland in foreign military missions led by the United Nations, NATO and United States, in countries like Afganistan and Iraq. Following the election, it declared that Polish soldiers will remain in Iraq for another 12 months.
The party supports integration with the EU on terms beneficial for Poland. It supports economic integration and tightening the cooperation in areas of energetic security and military, but is skeptical about closer political integration. It is against formation of European superstate or federation. PiS is in favor of strong political and military alliance of Poland with the United States.
PiS supports free education in elementary and secondary schools and free health care.
The party's views on social issues are broadly similar to those of conservative parties in other European countries. It favors strengthening restrictions on abortion, which is already illegal except in extraordinary circumstances. It is also against euthanasia. It opposes same-sex marriages or any other form of legal recognition of homosexual couples. Like conservatives everywhere, PiS politicians are highly critical of sex and violence in the media.
PiS promotes itself as a pro-family party. Prior to elections, it promised to build 3 million inexpensive housing units as a way to help young couples get married. Once in government, it pushed through legislations lengthening maternal leaves and offered qualified support to the idea of giving parents a grant for every newly-born child. It favors shutting down large supermarkets on Sundays and holidays, so their workers can spend more time with their families.
While PiS presents itself as a champion of the Catholic Church, its policies do not always align with the Church's teaching. Most notably, the party supports the death penalty. It has also shown some flexibility in such matters as in vitro fertilization and stem cell research, which, like the death penalty, enjoy strong public support.
As mayor of Warsaw, PiS leader Lech Kaczyński refused authorisation for the Equality Parade for gay rights in 2004 and 2005 in Warsaw. The 2005 Parade took place in spite of this. The "Parade of Normality", an anti-homosexual, pro-Catholic counter-demonstration was, however, allowed [1].
Lech Kaczyński wrote in Polish daily "Fakt" that any idea that homosexuals shouldn't work in schools as teachers is completely alien to his thinking [2].
As reported by PAP on September 21, 2005, Jarosław Kaczyński said that ''homosexuals should not be teachers'', but that homosexuals ''would not be persecuted''.[3].
He also said: "The affirmation of homosexuality will lead to the downfall of civilization. We can't agree to it."[4]
On September 22, 2005, another member of PiS, Adam Bielan, in an interview on TVP, made statements indicating that PiS does not yet have a clear policy on whether or not homosexuals should be accepted in jobs in which there is close contact with children.[5]. Gay sources claim, however, that there is a strong anti-homosexual strand in the party's rhetoric. [6]
In June 2006, while the party was in power, the state prosecutor announced an investigation of all gay groups for illegal financing, criminal connections, and pedophilia. This came in response to a May 12 letter from Wojciech Wierzejski, a front-bench member of Parliament for and a vice-president of the League of Polish Families (Roman Giertych, the chairman of the League has been appointed minister of education). The League recently became part of the government led by the Kaczynski twins. A copy of Wierzejski’s letter was attached to the state prosecutor’s order. In addition, the Ministry of Justice (headed by Zbigniew Ziobro) has ordered local prosecution offices to investigate if ‘any crimes of a pedophile nature have been committed by homosexual persons’ in their respective areas. [7]
On November 4, 2005, the PiS-led government closed down the Office of Government Representative for the Equal Status of Women and Men (polish: ''Biura pełnomocnika rządu ds. równego statusu kobiet i mężczyzn''), replacing it with the newly created Department of Women, Family and Counteracting Discrimination of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy (polish: ''Departament Kobiet, Rodziny i Przeciwdziałania Dyskryminacji MPiPS'') lead by Joanna Kluzik-Rostkowska.
The party was created on a wave of popularity gained by Lech Kaczyński, while heading the Polish Ministry of Justice (June 2000 to July 2001) in the AWS-led government, although local committees began appearing from March 22, 2001).
The AWS itself was created from a diverse array of many small right-wing political parties. According to a claim by the US federal government funded International Republican Institute (IRI), the IRI itself played a significant role in uniting these parties to create the AWS, the "parent" party of both PiS and the PO. [8]
In the 2001 elections PiS gained 44 (of 460) seats in the lower chamber of the Polish Parliament (Sejm) with 9.5% of votes.
On June 20, 2002, PiS formed a coalition with the liberal conservative party Platforma Obywatelska (PO) for local elections (excepting the Mazowsze region). This coalition obtained a poor result (16% of votes), which was caused largely by a lack of television advertising. Another important factor was that PO supporters did not necessarily want to vote for PiS candidates (opting to vote for the UW or SLD, instead), while PiS supporters opted for LPR candidates. In effect, PiS presently forms government coalitions in only 4 out of 16 regions. At the same time Lech Kaczyński was elected the president of Warsaw.
In the 2004 European Parliamentary elections, the party came in third, receiving 12.67% of votes and 7 of 54 Polish seats in the European Parliament. They entered the Union for a Europe of Nations coalition.
For most of 2004 and 2005, opinion polls put PiS at the second or third position, with the PO being in the lead. In the parliamentary election in 2005 PiS unexpectedly took first place with 26,99% of votes, which gave it 155 out of 460 seats in the Sejm and 49 out of 100 seats in the Senat.
A coalition of PO and PiS had been believed for several years to be the most likely government to form after the election. However, the putative coalition parties had a falling out, related to fierce competition between them during the presidential election, scheduled two weeks later. In the end, Lech Kaczyński won the second round of the presidential election on October 23, 2005 with 54% of the vote, ahead of Donald Tusk, the PO candidate. He gathered particularly strong support in southern and eastern Poland, in rural and small-town constituencies. But Lech Kaczyński won in Warsaw so he has also strong support in city.
On November 1, 2005, PiS formed the minority government headed by Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz as premier. This has had tacit support from the populist Samoobrona and LPR parties.
Jarosław Kaczyński stated: "If my brother becomes president I will not become prime minister even if my party wins the elections". However soon in July 2006, when Marcinkiewicz tendered his resignation as prime minister following reports of a rift with Jarosław Kaczyński, Jarosław formed a new government and was sworn in as PM on July 14 by the president, his twin brother.
Law and Justice has been strongly supported by Catholic media outlets in Poland. According to Jaroslaw Kaczynski, the leader of PiS, an appreciable role in the success of PiS was played by the Radio Maryja media group, which strongly backed the party before the elections and supported the resulting coalition government. Prominent politicians from the coalition parties frequently appeared on Radio Maryja's broadcasts.
In April 2007, seven MP from its social-conversative wing left PiS, following the defeat in the Sejm of an anti-abortion amendment to the constitution. The splitter group, led by Marek Jurek, formed their own party: Prawica Rzeczypospolitej.
The party has attracted a lot of vocal criticism at home and abroad, especially prominently during the drawn-out pre-election period in late 2005. This criticism was aimed particularly at the party's conservative views.
One international example from the election period was a warning of the European Commission that if Kaczyński as President continues to oppose gay rights and to seek the introduction of the death penalty, Poland could temporarily lose its voting rights in the European Union. [9]
★ Lech KaczyÅ„ski ''2001-2003'' (resigned after taking office as Mayor of Warsaw). Formally resigned from party after taking office as president of Poland on December 23, 2005.
★ JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski ''2003-present''
From October 31, 2005 to July 14, 2006, unless otherwise specified
Main articles: Marcinkiewicz government
(From July 14, 2006)
Main articles: Kaczyński government
MP, constituency
★ Anna Borucka-CieÅ›lewicz, PoznaÅ„, from 2004
★ Wojciech Borzuchowski, BiaÅ‚ystok
★ Tadeusz CymaÅ„ski, GdaÅ„sk
★ Andrzej Diakonow, Opole
★ Ludwik Dorn, Warsaw
★ Jacek Falfus, Bielsko-BiaÅ‚a
★ Józef Fortuna, Chrzanów
★ Szymon GiżyÅ„ski, CzÄ™stochowa
★ PrzemysÅ‚aw Gosiewski, Kielce
★ Wojciech JasiÅ„ski, PÅ‚ock
★ JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski, Warsaw
★ Mariusz KamiÅ„ski, Warsaw
★ Elżbieta Kruk, Lublin
★ Piotr Krzywicki, Sieradz
★ Marek KuchciÅ„ski, Krosno
★ Adam LipiÅ„ski, Legnica
★ Andrzej Liss, GdaÅ„sk
★ Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, Gorzów Wielkopolski - Zielona Góra
★ Barbara Marianowska, Tarnów
★ Tomasz Markowski, Bydgoszcz
★ Antoni MężydÅ‚o, ToruÅ„
★ Hanna Mierzejewska, Warsaw
★ Marek MuszyÅ„ski, WrocÅ‚aw
★ Maria Nowak, Katowice
★ Ryszard Nowak, Nowy SÄ…cz
★ BolesÅ‚aw Piecha, Rybnik
★ Jerzy Polaczek, Katowice
★ PaweÅ‚ Poncyljusz, Warsaw
★ Jacek Sauk, Szczecin
★ MaÅ‚gorzata Stryjska, PoznaÅ„
★ Marek Suski, Radom
★ Wojciech Szarama, Gliwice
★ Aleksander SzczygÅ‚o, Olsztyn
★ Jolanta SzczypiÅ„ska, Gdynia
★ BartÅ‚omiej Szrajber, Warsaw
★ Kazimierz Ujazdowski, WrocÅ‚aw
★ Zbigniew Wassermann, Kraków
★ Elżbieta WiÄ™cÅ‚awska-Sauk, Åódź
★ Artur Zawisza, Warsaw
★ JarosÅ‚aw ZieliÅ„ski, BiaÅ‚ystok
★ Zbigniew Ziobro, Kraków
★ Adam Bielan, politician
★ Anna Fotyga, international trade expert, vicepresident-mayor of Gdansk 2002-2004, since 2006 Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs
★ MieczysÅ‚aw Janowski, doctor of technical sciences, local activist
★ MichaÅ‚ KamiÅ„ski, journalist and politician
★ Marcin Libicki, arts historian and politician
★ Wojciech Roszkowski historian, professor of politics
★ Konrad SzymaÅ„ski, lawyer, journalist and politician
The PiS MEPs belong to the Union for a Europe of Nations coalition.
★ Lech and JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski, the founders of the party, are identical twins.
★ Instruction UOP nr 0015/92
★ Kaczism
★ Law and Justice official site
★ Polish centre-right claim victory
★ Law and Justice returns as leader in polls
'Prawo i Sprawiedliwość' () (English: 'Law and Justice') is a Polish political party, currently part of the governing coalition. The party was established in 2001, by the Kaczyński twins: Lech, current President of Poland, and Jarosław, current party president and Prime Minister of Poland. Most party members were at one time associated with the now defunct Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność coalition, or the ROP.
International comparison
In terms of European politics, the PiS has resemblances to the German CSU or Austrian ÖVP parties, although there are differences in economic policy and PiS is further to the right on cultural issues than both these parties. In the European parliament it is affiliated with the Union for a Europe of Nations group along with some conservative and/or nationalist parties. From an American perspective, PiS would be more comparable to Conservative Democrats rather than Republicans, because it combines social conservatism with a moderate, centrist stance on fiscal issues.
Political program
In comparison with the other major party with Solidarity roots (the PO), PiS projects a more traditional image overall. It has been claimed that their social policies are based on the anti-socialist Social Magisterium of the Catholic Church .
Economy
The party supports a state-guaranteed minimum social safety net and state intervention in the economy within market economy bounds. During the election campaign it proposed tax decrease to two personal tax rates (18% and 32%) instead of current three (19%, 30% and 40%), and tax rebates related to the number of children in a family, as well as a reduction of the VAT rate (while keeping a variation between individual types of VAT rates). However, this has not been implemented. Also: a continuation of privatisation with the exclusion of several dozen state companies deemed to be of strategic importance for the country. PiS opposes cutting social welfare spending, and also proposed the introduction of a system of state-guaranteed housing loans (also unimplemented).
Decommunization
PiS is a strong supporter of lustration (Polish: ''lustracja''), a verification system created ostensively to combat the influence of the Communist era security apparatus in Polish society. While current lustration laws require the verification of those who serve in public offices, PiS wants to expand the process to include university professors, lawyers, journalists, managers of large companies, and others performing "public functions." Those found to have collaborated with the security service, according to the party, should be forbidden to practice in their professions.
PiS also supports revealing the names of all secret agents from the time of the Communist regime.
Crime and corruption
PiS advocates increased criminal penalties. It postulates aggressive anti-corruption measures (including creation of an Anti-Corruption Office, open disclosure of the assets of politicians and important public servants), as well as broad and various measures to smooth the working of public institutions.
Constitution, power structures
PiS has presented project for constitutional changes which includes, among others: allowing the president the right to pass laws by decree (when prompted to do so by the Cabinet), a reduction of the number of members of the Sejm and Senat, and removal of constitutional bodies overseeing the media and monetary policy.
Defence policy
The party is in favor of strengthening the Polish Army through diminishing bureaucracy and raising military expenditures, especially for modernization of army equipment. PiS plans to introduce a fully professional army and end conscription by 2012. It is also in favor of participation of Poland in foreign military missions led by the United Nations, NATO and United States, in countries like Afganistan and Iraq. Following the election, it declared that Polish soldiers will remain in Iraq for another 12 months.
Foreign affairs
The party supports integration with the EU on terms beneficial for Poland. It supports economic integration and tightening the cooperation in areas of energetic security and military, but is skeptical about closer political integration. It is against formation of European superstate or federation. PiS is in favor of strong political and military alliance of Poland with the United States.
Education and health care
PiS supports free education in elementary and secondary schools and free health care.
Social issues
The party's views on social issues are broadly similar to those of conservative parties in other European countries. It favors strengthening restrictions on abortion, which is already illegal except in extraordinary circumstances. It is also against euthanasia. It opposes same-sex marriages or any other form of legal recognition of homosexual couples. Like conservatives everywhere, PiS politicians are highly critical of sex and violence in the media.
PiS promotes itself as a pro-family party. Prior to elections, it promised to build 3 million inexpensive housing units as a way to help young couples get married. Once in government, it pushed through legislations lengthening maternal leaves and offered qualified support to the idea of giving parents a grant for every newly-born child. It favors shutting down large supermarkets on Sundays and holidays, so their workers can spend more time with their families.
While PiS presents itself as a champion of the Catholic Church, its policies do not always align with the Church's teaching. Most notably, the party supports the death penalty. It has also shown some flexibility in such matters as in vitro fertilization and stem cell research, which, like the death penalty, enjoy strong public support.
Attitude to homosexuals
As mayor of Warsaw, PiS leader Lech Kaczyński refused authorisation for the Equality Parade for gay rights in 2004 and 2005 in Warsaw. The 2005 Parade took place in spite of this. The "Parade of Normality", an anti-homosexual, pro-Catholic counter-demonstration was, however, allowed [1].
Lech Kaczyński wrote in Polish daily "Fakt" that any idea that homosexuals shouldn't work in schools as teachers is completely alien to his thinking [2].
As reported by PAP on September 21, 2005, Jarosław Kaczyński said that ''homosexuals should not be teachers'', but that homosexuals ''would not be persecuted''.[3].
He also said: "The affirmation of homosexuality will lead to the downfall of civilization. We can't agree to it."[4]
On September 22, 2005, another member of PiS, Adam Bielan, in an interview on TVP, made statements indicating that PiS does not yet have a clear policy on whether or not homosexuals should be accepted in jobs in which there is close contact with children.[5]. Gay sources claim, however, that there is a strong anti-homosexual strand in the party's rhetoric. [6]
In June 2006, while the party was in power, the state prosecutor announced an investigation of all gay groups for illegal financing, criminal connections, and pedophilia. This came in response to a May 12 letter from Wojciech Wierzejski, a front-bench member of Parliament for and a vice-president of the League of Polish Families (Roman Giertych, the chairman of the League has been appointed minister of education). The League recently became part of the government led by the Kaczynski twins. A copy of Wierzejski’s letter was attached to the state prosecutor’s order. In addition, the Ministry of Justice (headed by Zbigniew Ziobro) has ordered local prosecution offices to investigate if ‘any crimes of a pedophile nature have been committed by homosexual persons’ in their respective areas. [7]
Equal opportunity representative
On November 4, 2005, the PiS-led government closed down the Office of Government Representative for the Equal Status of Women and Men (polish: ''Biura pełnomocnika rządu ds. równego statusu kobiet i mężczyzn''), replacing it with the newly created Department of Women, Family and Counteracting Discrimination of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy (polish: ''Departament Kobiet, Rodziny i Przeciwdziałania Dyskryminacji MPiPS'') lead by Joanna Kluzik-Rostkowska.
History
The party was created on a wave of popularity gained by Lech Kaczyński, while heading the Polish Ministry of Justice (June 2000 to July 2001) in the AWS-led government, although local committees began appearing from March 22, 2001).
The AWS itself was created from a diverse array of many small right-wing political parties. According to a claim by the US federal government funded International Republican Institute (IRI), the IRI itself played a significant role in uniting these parties to create the AWS, the "parent" party of both PiS and the PO. [8]
In the 2001 elections PiS gained 44 (of 460) seats in the lower chamber of the Polish Parliament (Sejm) with 9.5% of votes.
On June 20, 2002, PiS formed a coalition with the liberal conservative party Platforma Obywatelska (PO) for local elections (excepting the Mazowsze region). This coalition obtained a poor result (16% of votes), which was caused largely by a lack of television advertising. Another important factor was that PO supporters did not necessarily want to vote for PiS candidates (opting to vote for the UW or SLD, instead), while PiS supporters opted for LPR candidates. In effect, PiS presently forms government coalitions in only 4 out of 16 regions. At the same time Lech Kaczyński was elected the president of Warsaw.
In the 2004 European Parliamentary elections, the party came in third, receiving 12.67% of votes and 7 of 54 Polish seats in the European Parliament. They entered the Union for a Europe of Nations coalition.
For most of 2004 and 2005, opinion polls put PiS at the second or third position, with the PO being in the lead. In the parliamentary election in 2005 PiS unexpectedly took first place with 26,99% of votes, which gave it 155 out of 460 seats in the Sejm and 49 out of 100 seats in the Senat.
A coalition of PO and PiS had been believed for several years to be the most likely government to form after the election. However, the putative coalition parties had a falling out, related to fierce competition between them during the presidential election, scheduled two weeks later. In the end, Lech Kaczyński won the second round of the presidential election on October 23, 2005 with 54% of the vote, ahead of Donald Tusk, the PO candidate. He gathered particularly strong support in southern and eastern Poland, in rural and small-town constituencies. But Lech Kaczyński won in Warsaw so he has also strong support in city.
On November 1, 2005, PiS formed the minority government headed by Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz as premier. This has had tacit support from the populist Samoobrona and LPR parties.
Jarosław Kaczyński stated: "If my brother becomes president I will not become prime minister even if my party wins the elections". However soon in July 2006, when Marcinkiewicz tendered his resignation as prime minister following reports of a rift with Jarosław Kaczyński, Jarosław formed a new government and was sworn in as PM on July 14 by the president, his twin brother.
Law and Justice has been strongly supported by Catholic media outlets in Poland. According to Jaroslaw Kaczynski, the leader of PiS, an appreciable role in the success of PiS was played by the Radio Maryja media group, which strongly backed the party before the elections and supported the resulting coalition government. Prominent politicians from the coalition parties frequently appeared on Radio Maryja's broadcasts.
In April 2007, seven MP from its social-conversative wing left PiS, following the defeat in the Sejm of an anti-abortion amendment to the constitution. The splitter group, led by Marek Jurek, formed their own party: Prawica Rzeczypospolitej.
Vocal criticism
The party has attracted a lot of vocal criticism at home and abroad, especially prominently during the drawn-out pre-election period in late 2005. This criticism was aimed particularly at the party's conservative views.
One international example from the election period was a warning of the European Commission that if Kaczyński as President continues to oppose gay rights and to seek the introduction of the death penalty, Poland could temporarily lose its voting rights in the European Union. [9]
Prominent members
Party Chairmen
★ Lech KaczyÅ„ski ''2001-2003'' (resigned after taking office as Mayor of Warsaw). Formally resigned from party after taking office as president of Poland on December 23, 2005.
★ JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski ''2003-present''
Marcinkiewicz government
From October 31, 2005 to July 14, 2006, unless otherwise specified
Main articles: Marcinkiewicz government
Kaczyński government
(From July 14, 2006)
Main articles: Kaczyński government
MP, constituency
★ Anna Borucka-CieÅ›lewicz, PoznaÅ„, from 2004
★ Wojciech Borzuchowski, BiaÅ‚ystok
★ Tadeusz CymaÅ„ski, GdaÅ„sk
★ Andrzej Diakonow, Opole
★ Ludwik Dorn, Warsaw
★ Jacek Falfus, Bielsko-BiaÅ‚a
★ Józef Fortuna, Chrzanów
★ Szymon GiżyÅ„ski, CzÄ™stochowa
★ PrzemysÅ‚aw Gosiewski, Kielce
★ Wojciech JasiÅ„ski, PÅ‚ock
★ JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski, Warsaw
★ Mariusz KamiÅ„ski, Warsaw
★ Elżbieta Kruk, Lublin
★ Piotr Krzywicki, Sieradz
★ Marek KuchciÅ„ski, Krosno
★ Adam LipiÅ„ski, Legnica
★ Andrzej Liss, GdaÅ„sk
★ Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, Gorzów Wielkopolski - Zielona Góra
★ Barbara Marianowska, Tarnów
★ Tomasz Markowski, Bydgoszcz
★ Antoni MężydÅ‚o, ToruÅ„
★ Hanna Mierzejewska, Warsaw
★ Marek MuszyÅ„ski, WrocÅ‚aw
★ Maria Nowak, Katowice
★ Ryszard Nowak, Nowy SÄ…cz
★ BolesÅ‚aw Piecha, Rybnik
★ Jerzy Polaczek, Katowice
★ PaweÅ‚ Poncyljusz, Warsaw
★ Jacek Sauk, Szczecin
★ MaÅ‚gorzata Stryjska, PoznaÅ„
★ Marek Suski, Radom
★ Wojciech Szarama, Gliwice
★ Aleksander SzczygÅ‚o, Olsztyn
★ Jolanta SzczypiÅ„ska, Gdynia
★ BartÅ‚omiej Szrajber, Warsaw
★ Kazimierz Ujazdowski, WrocÅ‚aw
★ Zbigniew Wassermann, Kraków
★ Elżbieta WiÄ™cÅ‚awska-Sauk, Åódź
★ Artur Zawisza, Warsaw
★ JarosÅ‚aw ZieliÅ„ski, BiaÅ‚ystok
★ Zbigniew Ziobro, Kraków
Members of the European Parliament
★ Adam Bielan, politician
★ Anna Fotyga, international trade expert, vicepresident-mayor of Gdansk 2002-2004, since 2006 Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs
★ MieczysÅ‚aw Janowski, doctor of technical sciences, local activist
★ MichaÅ‚ KamiÅ„ski, journalist and politician
★ Marcin Libicki, arts historian and politician
★ Wojciech Roszkowski historian, professor of politics
★ Konrad SzymaÅ„ski, lawyer, journalist and politician
The PiS MEPs belong to the Union for a Europe of Nations coalition.
Trivia
★ Lech and JarosÅ‚aw KaczyÅ„ski, the founders of the party, are identical twins.
See also
★ Instruction UOP nr 0015/92
★ Kaczism
External links
★ Law and Justice official site
★ Polish centre-right claim victory
★ Law and Justice returns as leader in polls
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psst.. try this: add to faves
