POPE MARTIN I

'Pope Saint Martin I', born near Todi, Umbria in the place now named after him Pian S. Martino, was pope from 649 to 655, succeeding Theodore I in June or July 649.
He had previously acted as papal ''apocrisiarius'' or legate at Constantinople, and was held in high repute for learning and virtue. Almost his first official act was to summon the First Lateran Synod to deal with the Monothelites, whom the Church considered heretical. It met in the church of St. John Lateran, was attended by one hundred and five bishops (chiefly from Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia, with a few from Africa and other quarters), held five sessions or ''secretarii'' from October 5 to October 31, 649, and in twenty canons condemned the Monothelites, its authors, and the writings by which it had been promulgated. In this condemnation were included, not only the ''Ecthesis'' or exposition of faith of the patriarch Sergius for which the emperor Heraclius had stood sponsor, but also the ''typus'' of Paul, the successor of Sergius, which had the support of the reigning emperor (Constans II). Martin was very energetic in publishing the decrees of his Lateran synod in an encyclical, and Constans replied by enjoining his exarch or governor in Italy to arrest the pope, should he persist in this line of conduct, and send him as a prisoner to Constantinople.
These orders were found impossible to carry out for a considerable space of time, but at last Martin was arrested in the Lateran on June 15, 653, along with Maximus the Confessor. He was hurried out of Rome and conveyed first to Naxos and subsequently to Constantinople by September 17, 654. After suffering an exhausting imprisonment and many alleged public indignities, he was ultimately banished to Cherson in the Crimea, where he arrived on March 26, 655, and died on September 1 of that year.

Contents

References

References

''Original text from the 9th edition (1880s) of an unnamed encyclopedia''
McCormick. M. 2001, Origins of the European Economy, Cambridge.