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A 'quinoxaline', also called a 'benzopyrazine', in organic chemistry, is a heterocyclic compound containing a ring complex made up of a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring. They are isomeric with quinazolines.
Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals and antibiotics such as Echinomycin, Levomycin and Actinoleutin.
They are formed by the condensing ortho-diamines with 1,2-diketone; the parent substance of the group, quinoxaline, resulting when glyoxal is so condensed, whilst substitution derivatives arise when α-ketonic acids, α-chlorketones, α-aldehyde alcohols and α-ketone alcohols are used in place of diketones.
One study used 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) as a catalyst in the reaction of benzil with o-phenylenediamine [1]:
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1. ''Facile synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives using o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) at room temperature'' (06-2190LP) Majid M. Heravi, Khadijeh Bakhtiari, Maryam H. Tehrani, Negar M. Javadi, and Hossien A. Oskooie ARKIVOC '2006' (xvi) 16-22 provisional link
Quinoxalines are used as dyes, pharmaceuticals and antibiotics such as Echinomycin, Levomycin and Actinoleutin.
They are formed by the condensing ortho-diamines with 1,2-diketone; the parent substance of the group, quinoxaline, resulting when glyoxal is so condensed, whilst substitution derivatives arise when α-ketonic acids, α-chlorketones, α-aldehyde alcohols and α-ketone alcohols are used in place of diketones.
One study used 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) as a catalyst in the reaction of benzil with o-phenylenediamine [1]:
Quinoxaline Synthesis
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External links
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References
1. ''Facile synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives using o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) at room temperature'' (06-2190LP) Majid M. Heravi, Khadijeh Bakhtiari, Maryam H. Tehrani, Negar M. Javadi, and Hossien A. Oskooie ARKIVOC '2006' (xvi) 16-22 provisional link
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