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'Rephidim' Rephidim is the plain at the base of Mt Horab. [1] It is one of the places (or "stations") visited by the Israelitein the story of exodus from Egypt.
At Rephidim the Amalekites, the "first of the nations" to make war against Israel (Numbers 24:20), attacked the Israelites while they were encamped around the mountain. The Amalakites were defeated (Exodus 17:8-16). as Moses directed the battle. Seated on top of Mt Horab he raised his hands to encourage his warriors but as the conflict with the Amalakites wore on Moses grew weary and required support to keep them in the air.
Horab is also the place where earlier in the story Moses tends the flocks of his father in law Jethro who visits him when he returns to Horab.
The mountain is identified [2] as located at Elat where the Arabah reaches the head of the Gulf of Aqaba between Midian, and Edom.
Half way down the slopes of Mt Horab, at Alush, the Israelites found no water to drink, Moses struck a "rock on Horeb," which caused a stream to flow from it, providing enough water for all of the people.
★ 1. Renfrew, Colin and Bahn, Paul 'Page 515 discusses conflicts between archaeology and Judaism'
★ 2. Nelson Glueck'Discusses The evidence for the Exodus in the Negev pp,15,41,63,95,102,106,118,119,122,123,138,143,150-151,162,167,170,171,172,186,187,194,243,246,250,258,276'
★ 3. William H McNeil and Jean W Sedlar, Discusses the evidence for Habiru and hapitu in Canaan
★ 4. Andrew George, Includes toponyms for Canaan
★ 5. James B. Pritchard, Jerusalim, siege and fall
★ 6. Shaika Haya Ali Al Khalifa and Michael Rice,
★ 7. Dr. Muhammed Abdul Nayeem,
★ 8. Michael Roaf
★ 9. Nicholas Awde and Putros Samano
★ 10. Gerard HermJerusalim pp 33,84-106 passim, 123,125,126,145,149,150,154
★ 11. Lionel Casson
★ 12. George Bass
★ 13. Gardiner
★ 14. Antonio Loprieno
★ 15. Michael Rice
★ 16. Gillings
★ 17. Somers Clarke and R. Englebach
★ 18. Marie-Loise Thomsen,
★ 19. Silvia Luraghi
★ 20. J. P. Mallory
★ 21. Anne H. Groton
★ 22. Hines
★ 23. Vitruvius
★ 24. Claudias Ptolemy
★ 25. Herodotus War with Judah, Sennacherib, siege of 701 BC
★ 26. Michael Grant
★ 27. Lucas N. H. Bunt, Phillip S.Jones, Jack D. Bedient Includes references to a Days Journey and a Days Sail
★ 28. H Arthur KleinIncludes references to a Days Journey and a Days Sail
★ 29 Francis H. Moffitt
★ 30. R. A. Cordingley
★ 31. H Johnathan Riley Smith
★ 32. H.W. Koch
1. (Gardiners "Egyptian Grammar" p 582 hr(y)-ib middle § 178 in the midst of a number of people)
2. (Nelson Glueck, "Rivers in the Desert")
The name "Rephidim" (Hebrew: רְפִידִם) may mean ''supports''.
At Rephidim the Amalekites, the "first of the nations" to make war against Israel (Numbers 24:20), attacked the Israelites while they were encamped around the mountain. The Amalakites were defeated (Exodus 17:8-16). as Moses directed the battle. Seated on top of Mt Horab he raised his hands to encourage his warriors but as the conflict with the Amalakites wore on Moses grew weary and required support to keep them in the air.
Horab is also the place where earlier in the story Moses tends the flocks of his father in law Jethro who visits him when he returns to Horab.
The mountain is identified [2] as located at Elat where the Arabah reaches the head of the Gulf of Aqaba between Midian, and Edom.
Half way down the slopes of Mt Horab, at Alush, the Israelites found no water to drink, Moses struck a "rock on Horeb," which caused a stream to flow from it, providing enough water for all of the people.
Archaeological References
★ 1. Renfrew, Colin and Bahn, Paul 'Page 515 discusses conflicts between archaeology and Judaism'
Near Eastern References
★ 2. Nelson Glueck'Discusses The evidence for the Exodus in the Negev pp,15,41,63,95,102,106,118,119,122,123,138,143,150-151,162,167,170,171,172,186,187,194,243,246,250,258,276'
★ 3. William H McNeil and Jean W Sedlar, Discusses the evidence for Habiru and hapitu in Canaan
★ 4. Andrew George, Includes toponyms for Canaan
★ 5. James B. Pritchard, Jerusalim, siege and fall
★ 6. Shaika Haya Ali Al Khalifa and Michael Rice,
★ 7. Dr. Muhammed Abdul Nayeem,
★ 8. Michael Roaf
★ 9. Nicholas Awde and Putros Samano
★ 10. Gerard HermJerusalim pp 33,84-106 passim, 123,125,126,145,149,150,154
Marine Archaeology References
★ 11. Lionel Casson
★ 12. George Bass
Egyptological References
★ 13. Gardiner
★ 14. Antonio Loprieno
★ 15. Michael Rice
★ 16. Gillings
★ 17. Somers Clarke and R. Englebach
Linguistic References
★ 18. Marie-Loise Thomsen,
★ 19. Silvia Luraghi
★ 20. J. P. Mallory
★ 21. Anne H. Groton
★ 22. Hines
Classical References
★ 23. Vitruvius
★ 24. Claudias Ptolemy
★ 25. Herodotus War with Judah, Sennacherib, siege of 701 BC
Historical References
★ 26. Michael Grant
Mathematical References
★ 27. Lucas N. H. Bunt, Phillip S.Jones, Jack D. Bedient Includes references to a Days Journey and a Days Sail
Mensurational References
★ 28. H Arthur KleinIncludes references to a Days Journey and a Days Sail
★ 29 Francis H. Moffitt
Architectural References
★ 30. R. A. Cordingley
Medieval References
★ 31. H Johnathan Riley Smith
★ 32. H.W. Koch
Footnotes
1. (Gardiners "Egyptian Grammar" p 582 hr(y)-ib middle § 178 in the midst of a number of people)
2. (Nelson Glueck, "Rivers in the Desert")
The name "Rephidim" (Hebrew: רְפִידִם) may mean ''supports''.
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