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The 'Republic of Mountainous Armenia' ('Republic of Karabakh-Zanghezur') was a short-lived and unrecognized state in the South Caucasus, roughly corresponding with the territory that is now the present-day Armenian province of Syunik and the unrecognized republic of Nagorno-Karabakh.
Treaty of Batum signed between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and Ottoman Empire after the Armenians lost the last battles under Caucasus Campaign. Ottoman Empire gained considerable portion of the South Caucasus initially with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed with the Russian SFSR and then following Treaty of Batum with Armenia. In 1918, Armenia with these agreements limited in a small enclave centered around the western shores of Lake Sevan and the cities of Yerevan and Echmiadzin. Andranik Toros Ozanian rejected this new establishment and proclaimed the new state were his activities were concentrated at the link between Ottoman Empire to Azerbaijan Democratic Republic at Karabakh, Zanghezur and Nakhichevan, therefore the name the "Republic of Karabakh-Zanghezur".
In January 1919 Armenian troops advancing, the British forces (Lionel Dunsterville) ordered Andranik back to Zangezur, and gave him the assurances that this conflict (or Republic of Karabakh-Zanghezur) can be solved with the Paris Peace Conference, of 1919. Paris Peace Conference declared the Democratic Republic of Armenia become the internationally recognized state.

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★ History of Nagorno-Karabakh