GUITARFISH

(Redirected from Rhinobatidae)

The 'guitarfish' is known for an elongated body with a flattened head and trunk and small raylike wings. They are mainly found in tropical and temperate waters, traveling in large schools. Most adult guitarfishes reach five or six feet in length, though the Indo-Pacific Rhynchobatus djiddensis can weigh 225 kilogrammes (500 pounds) and grow to 3 metres (ten feet) in length. These fish are bottom feeders, preferring small crustaceans. Their teeth are small and numerous, usually arranged in 65 or 70 rows. Guitarfishes are ovoviviparous, with the young hatching out of the eggs before leaving the mother's body.^[1]
The guitarfishes are a family, 'Rhinobatidae', of rays.
Notable species include the Shovelnose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos productus'', and the Bowmouth guitarfish, ''Rhina ancylostoma''.

Contents

Classification

References

Further reading

Classification

The taxonomy of this group is highly uncertain. Some taxonomists put Rhinobatidae in its own order, 'Rhinobatiformes'; others place it in the order Myliobatiformes with the eagle rays and their relatives.
In some classifications the family is split into three, with the genus ''Rhina'' in the family Rhinidae, and the genus ''Rhynchobatus'' in the family Rhynochobatidae (or these two genera may be classified together). These families may be raised to the level of orders: Rhiniformes and Rhynchobatiformes, respectively.
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This article follows FishBase in including about fifty species in ten genera:^[2]

★ Genus ''Aptychotrema''

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★ Short-snouted shovelnose ray, ''Aptychotrema bougainvillii'' (Müller & Henle, 1841)

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★ East Australian shovelnose ray, ''Aptychotrema rostrata'' (Shaw, 1794)

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★ Western shovelnose ray, ''Aptychotrema vincentiana'' (Haacke, 1885)

★ Genus ''Platyrhina''

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★ Amoy fanray, ''Platyrhina limboonkengi'' Tang, 1933

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★ Fanray, ''Platyrhina sinensis'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

★ Genus ''Platyrhinoidis''

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★ Thornback guitarfish, ''Platyrhinoidis triseriata'' (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880)

★ Genus ''Rhina''

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★ Bowmouth guitarfish, ''Rhina ancylostoma'' Bloch & Schneider, 1801

★ Genus ''Rhinobatos''

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★ White-spotted guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos albomaculatus'' Norman, 1930

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★ Annandale's guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos annandalei'' Norman, 1926

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★ Lesser sandshark, ''Rhinobatos annulatus'' Müller & Henle, 1841

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★ Bluntnose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos blochii'' Müller & Henle, 1841

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★ Blackchin guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos cemiculus'' Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817

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★ Taiwan guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos formosensis'' Norman, 1926

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★ Speckled guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos glaucostigma'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1883

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★ Sharpnose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos granulatus'' Cuvier, 1829

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★ Halavi's guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos halavi'' (Forsskål, 1775)

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★ Slender guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos holcorhynchus'' Norman, 1922

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★ Brazilian guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos horkelii'' Müller & Henle, 1841

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★ Angel fish, ''Rhinobatos hynnicephalus'' Richardson, 1846

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★ Spineback guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos irvinei'' Norman, 1931

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★ ''Rhinobatos jimbaranensis'' Last, White & Fahmi, 2006^[3]

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★ Atlantic guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos lentiginosus'' Garman, 1880

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★ Whitesnout guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos leucorhynchus'' (Günther, 1867)

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★ Grayspottted guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos leucospilus'' Norman, 1926

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★ Smoothback guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos lionotus'' Norman, 1926

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★ Smalleyed guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos microphthalmus'' Teng, 1959

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★ ''Rhinobatos nudidorsalis'' Last, Compagno & Nakaya, 2004^[4]

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★ Widenose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos obtusus'' Müller & Henle, 1841

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★ ''Rhinobatos ocellatus'' Norman, 1926

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★ ''Rhinobatos penggali'' Last, White & Fahmi, 2006^[3]

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★ Chola guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos percellens'' (Walbaum, 1792)

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★ Madagascar guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos petiti'' Chabanaud, 1929

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★ Pacific guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos planiceps'' Garman, 1880

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★ Gorgona guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos prahli'' Acero P. & Franke, 1995

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★ Shovelnose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos productus'' (Ayres, 1854)

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★ Spotted guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos punctifer'' Compagno & Randall, 1987

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★ Common guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos rhinobatos'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

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★ Salalah guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos salalah'' Randall & Compagno, 1995

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★ Yellow guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos schlegelii'' Müller & Henle, 1841

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★ Spiny guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos spinosus'' Günther, 1870

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★ Clubnose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos thouin'' (Anonymous, 1798)

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★ Giant shovelnose ray, ''Rhinobatos typus'' Anonymous [Bennett], 1830

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★ Stripenose guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos variegatus'' Nair & Lal Mohan, 1973

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★ Zanzibar guitarfish, ''Rhinobatos zanzibarensis'' Norman, 1926

★ Genus ''Rhynchobatus''

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★ Whitespotted wedgefish, ''Rhynchobatus australiae'' Whitley, 1939

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★ Giant guitarfish, ''Rhynchobatus djiddensis'' (Forsskål, 1775)

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★ Smooth nose wedgefish, ''Rhynchobatus laevis'' (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

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★ African wedgefish, ''Rhynchobatus luebberti'' Ehrenbaum, 1915

★ Genus ''Tarsistes''

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★ ''Tarsistes philippii'' Jordan, 1919

★ Genus ''Trygonorrhina''

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★ Southern fiddler, ''Trygonorrhina fasciata'' (Müller & Henle, 1841)

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★ Magpie fiddler ray, ''Trygonorrhina melaleuca'' Scott, 1954

★ Genus ''Zanobatus''

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★ Striped panray, ''Zanobatus schoenleinii'' (Müller & Henle, 1841)

★ Genus ''Zapteryx''

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★ Lesser guitarfish, ''Zapteryx brevirostris'' (Müller & Henle, 1841)

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★ Banded guitarfish, ''Zapteryx exasperata'' (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880)

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★ ''Zapteryx xyster'' Jordan & Evermann, 1896

References

1. John Farrand Jr., The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of Animal Life, 1982
2.
3. Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia., Last, White & Fahmi 2006, , , Cybium, 2006
4.
5. Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia., Last, White & Fahmi 2006, , , Cybium, 2006

Further reading

★ ARKive - images and movies of the bowmouth guitarfish ''(Rhina ancylostoma)''