RIVER CLASS FRIGATE

The 'River class frigate' was a class of 151 frigates launched between 1941 and 1944 for use as anti-submarine convoy escorts in the North Atlantic.
The majority served with the Royal Navy and Royal Canadian Navy, with the some serving in the other Allied navies; the Royal Australian Navy, the Free French Navy, the Royal Netherlands Navy and, post-war, the South African Navy. Ten Canadian built ships were assigned to the United States Navy to cover for a shortage of suitable convoy escorts until American built ships became available. In the event, only two were transferred, the remaining eight were used by the Canadians.
After World War II they found employment in many other navies the world over, many Canadian ships were sunk as breakwaters.

Design

The Rivers were designed by naval engineer William Reed to have the endurance and anti-submarine capabilities of the ''Black Swan'' class sloops, while being quick and cheap to build in civil dockyards using the machinery (eg reciprocating steam engines instead of turbines) and construction techniques pioneered in the building of the Flower-class corvettes.
The River-class design was used as the basis for the United States Navys ''Tacoma'' class (known to the Royal navy as the Colony class frigate), and the hull design was later elaborated into the Loch class frigate, and subsequently the Bay class frigate

Ships

Rivers lost in action

★ HMS ''Cam'' - mined 1944, written off as constructive total loss

★ HMCS ''Chebouge'' - torpedoed by ''U-1227'' on 4 October 1944 in North Atlantic, broke tow and wrecked in Swansae Bay on 11 October 1944

★ HMS ''Cuckmere'' - torpedoed by ''U-233'' on 11 December 1943 north of Algiers, written off as constructive total loss

★ HMS ''Lagan'' - torpedoed by ''U-270'' on 20 September 1943 in North Atlantic, written off as constructive total loss

★ HMS ''Itchen'' - torpedoed by ''U-666'' on 23 September 1943 south of Greenland

★ HMCS ''Magog'' - torpedoed by ''U-1223'' on 14 October 1944 in Gulf of St Lawrence, written off as constructive total loss

★ HMS ''Mourne'' - torpedoed by ''U-767'' on 15 June 1944 in English Channel

★ HMCS ''Teme'' - torpedoed by ''U-246'' on 29 March 1945 in English Channel, written off as constructive total loss

★ HMS ''Tweed'' was sunk by ''U-305'' on 7 January 1944 south west of Ireland

★ HMCS ''Valleyfield'' - torpedoed by ''U-548'' on 7 May 1944 off of Cape Race

Trivia

★ HMS ''Plym'' was destroyed by the United Kingdom's first nuclear weapon in Operation Hurricane in 1952.

★ A fictional River class frigate, HMS ''Saltash'', appears in the novel ''The Cruel Sea'' by Nicholas Monsarrat. In the film version, this is replaced by a Castle class corvette, HMS ''Saltash Castle'', as no River class vessel was available in the Royal Navy to play the part.

★ HMCS ''Stormont'' was bought by Aristotle Onassis after the Second World War and conferted into the luxury yacht Christina O.

Bibliography

★ ''British and Empire Warships of the Second World War'', H T Lenton, Greenhill Books, ISBN 1-85367-277-7

★ ''Royal Navy Frigates 1945-1983'', Leo Marriot, Ian Allan, 1983, ISBN 0-7110-1322-5

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RIVER CLASS FRIGATE

Design

Ships

Royal Navy group I

Royal Navy group II

Royal Australian Navy group II

Rivers lost in action

Trivia

Bibliography

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