ROYAL AND NOBLE STYLES

This page will detail the various 'styles' used by royalty and nobility in Europe, in the final form arrived at in the nineteenth century. In earlier years, many different styles were used, with little standardization. Styles represent the fashion by which monarchs and noblemen are or were properly addressed.

Contents

Imperial, royal, and princely styles

Noble styles in the United Kingdom

Noble styles in Germany

Sources and references

See also

External links

Imperial, royal, and princely styles

Emperors and Empresses enjoyed the style of His/Her 'Imperial Majesty' ('HIM').
Members of imperial families were generally styled His/Her 'Imperial Highness' ('HIH').

★ In Austria, the members of the Imperial family, due to their status as also members of the royal family of the Apostolic Kingdom of Hungary, held the style of 'Imperial and Royal Highness' ('HI&RH'), but actually traditionally the other way around: "königliche und kaiserliche Hoheit".

★ Also in the German Empire, the other 'heir' to the Holy Roman empire, the Emperor and Empress would be addressed as Imperial and Royal Majesty because of their ruling over the Kingdom of Prussia and the German Empire.

★ In Russia, children and male-line grandchildren of the Emperor had the style of 'Imperial Highness' ('HIH'). Male-line great-grandchildren held the style of 'Highness' ('HH'). Also, the eldest son of any person who held the style of Highness also held the style of Highness. All other male-line descendants held the style 'Serenity', often translated as 'Serene Highness' ('HSH'). Some Russian noble princes also hold the style of Serenity; all others and Russian Counts hold the style of 'Illustriousness', often translated as 'Illustrious Highness' ('HIllH').
Kings and Queens have the style of 'Majesty' ('HM'). Some, throughout history have also used 'Royal Majesty' ('HRM')
Members of royal families (Princes and Princesses) generally have the style of 'Royal Highness' ('HRH'), although in some royal families (for instance, Denmark), more junior princes and princesses only bear the style of His or Her 'Highness' ('HH').
Reigning 'Grand Dukes' and 'Grand Duchesses' hold the style of 'Royal Highness' ('HRH').
The styles of members of Grand Ducal families have been inconsistent. In Luxembourg, more senior members of the family have also been Royal Highnesses, but only due to their status as Bourbon princes of Parma. In Baden and Hesse-Darmstadt, junior members held the style of 'Grand Ducal Highness' ('HGDH'). Members of other grand ducal families generally held the style of 'Highness' ('HH').
Reigning 'Dukes' and 'Duchesses' bore the style of 'Highness' ('HH'), as did other members of ducal families.
Junior members of some ducal families bore the style of 'Ducal Serene Highness' ('HDSH'), although it fell out of fashion.
The Elector of Hesse-Kassel also bore the style of 'Highness', as did other members of the Hesse-Kassel family.
Mediatized Dukes and reigning and mediatized '''Fürsten''' and '''Fürstinnen''' ("Princes" and "Princesses") bear the style of 'Serene Highness' ('HSH', German ''Durchlaucht''), as do other members of princely families. Members of reigning princely families are also styled 'Serene Highness' ('HSH').
Mediatized Counts and Countesses bear the style of 'Illustrious Highness' ('HIllH', German ''Erlaucht'').

Noble styles in the United Kingdom

★ The monarch of the United Kingdom has a much longer style than that of other members of the British royal family and nobility. For example, the full style of Elizabeth II is, "Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith".

★ Dukes and Duchesses in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland, and the United Kingdom bear the style of 'Grace', eg. "His Grace", "Your Grace". They also hold the style of 'Most High, Potent, and Noble Prince', but even in the most formal situations that is usually simply abbreviated to 'Most Noble', and even that style is quite archaic and very formal.

★ Marquesses and Marchionesses bear the styles of 'The Most Honourable' and 'Lordship' (e.g. "His Lordship," "Her Ladyship," "Your Lordship," and "Your Ladyship.") They also hold the style of 'Most Noble and Puissant Prince', but even in the most formal situations this style is rarely used.

★ Earls, Countesses, Viscounts, Viscountesses, Barons, and Baronesses bear the styles of 'The Right Honourable' and 'Lordship'. Earls and Countesses also hold the style of 'Most Noble and Puissant Prince', but, as with Marquesses and Marchionesses, even in the most formal situations this style is rarely used.
For more details, see Forms of Address in the United Kingdom

Noble styles in Germany

The nobility and all related styles were abolished with the Weimar Constitution of 1919, but are sometimes used socially.
Non-mediatized noble Dukes in Germany bear the style of 'Serene Highness' ('HSH') or 'High Born' (''Hochgeboren'').
Non-mediatized noble ''Fürsten'' (princes) in Germany bear the styles of 'Serene Highness', 'Princely Grace' (''fürstliche Gnaden''), or 'High Born'.
Other non-mediatized German nobles of the rank of count or higher bear the style of 'High Born'.
German nobles below the rank of count bear the style of 'High Well Born' (''Hochwohlgeboren'').

Sources and references

(incomplete)

★ heraldica.org

★ RoyalArk, mainly for non-European monarchies

★ Genealogists Discover Royal Roots for All

See also

★ Peerage, Styles and titles of peers in the United Kingdom

★ Royal and noble ranks

★ Prince compares various types of Princes of the blood and ruling princes

★ Princely state treats the nobility, mainly ruling houses, in the ''colonial'' context of the British Empire

★ Nobility

★ Clergy, Ecclesiastical Addresses, Prince of the church

External links

★ Fake titles