SCHOOL SHOOTING

'School shooting' is a term popularized in American and Canadian media to describe gun violence at educational institutions, especially the mass murder or spree killing of people connected with an institution. A school shooting can be perpetrated by one or more students, expelled students, alumni, or outsiders. Unlike acts of revenge against specific people, school shootings usually involve multiple intended or actual victims, often randomly targeted.
School shootings receive extensive media coverage but are infrequent.^[1] They often result in nationwide changes of schools' policies concerning discipline and security. Some experts have described fears about school shootings as a type of moral panic.^[2]

Defining school shooting

School shootings are typically differentiated from other kinds of school violence. Mass killings at schools, like the Beslan school hostage crisis, are usually described as acts of terrorism. In the 1970 shootings at Kent State and Jackson State universities, student unrest precipitated retaliatory or defensive shootings by National Guardsmen and police, respectively.
In the United States, one-on-one public school violence, such as beatings and stabbings, or violence related to gang activity, is more common in some densely populated, impoverished sections of cities. City or urban schools were much more likely than other schools to report serious violent crime with 17 percent of city principals reporting at least one serious crime as compared to 11 percent of urban fringe schools, 10 percent of rural schools, and 5 percent of suburban/town schools reporting at least one serious crime.^[3] Student-perpetrated school shootings in North America most often occur in overwhelmingly white, middle class non-urban areas (i.e. small towns and suburbs). In some cases, the victims of the shootings are involved in bullying or other exclusionary acts towards the perpetrators, and that the perpetrators seemed to think this justified the act of murder.
To date, over 9,000 people have been killed in direct relation to a school shooting event, whether it be a multiple killings event or a single homicide.

"Profiling" school shooters

School shooting is a topic of intense interest in the United States.MOSAIC Threat Assessment Systems sell products and services designed to identify potential threats, a thorough study of all U.S. school shootings by the U.S. Secret Service^[4] warned against the belief that a certain "type" of student would be a perpetrator. Any "profile" would fit too many students to be useful and may not fit the potential perpetrators. Some lived with both parents in 'an ideal, All-American family.' Some were children of divorce, or lived in foster homes. A few were loners, but most had close friends.
While it may be simplistic to assume a straightforward "profile", the study did find certain similarities among the perpetrators. "The researchers found that killers do not 'snap'. They plan. They acquire weapons. They tell others what they are planning. These children take a long, considered, public path toward violence."^[5] Princeton's Katherine Newman points out that, far from being "loners", the perpetrators are "joiners" whose attempts at social integration fail, that they let their thinking and even their plans be known, sometimes frequently over long periods of times. The shootings seem as though an attempt to adjust their social standing and image, from "loser" to "master of violence."
Many of the shooters told Secret Service investigators that alienation or persecution drove them to violence. According to the United States Secret Service, instead of looking for traits, the Secret Service urges adults to ask about behavior: "What has this child said? Do they have grievances? What do their friends know? Do they have access to weapons? Are they depressed or despondent?"^[6]

List of school shootings

Well known shootings

Well known shooters

★ Michael Carneal - Perpetrator of the Heath High School Shooting, killed 3

★ Seung-Hui Cho - Perpetrator of the Virginia Tech massacre, killed 32

★ Laurie Dann - Perpetrator of Hubbard Woods Elementary School shooting

★ Valery Fabrikant - Perpetrator of the Concordia University massacre

★ Kimveer Gill - Perpetrator of the Dawson shooting, killed 1

★ Andrew Golden and Mitchell Johnson - Perpetrators of Jonesboro massacre, killed 5

★ Thomas Hamilton - Perpetrator of the Dunblane massacre, killed 17

★ Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold - Perpetrators of Columbine massacre, killed 13

★ Kip Kinkel - Killed parents and 2 students at Thurston High School

★ Marc Lépine (Gamil Rodrigue Gharbi) - Perpetrator of Ecole Polytechnique massacre, killed 14

★ Charles Carl Roberts IV - Perpetrator of the Amish school shooting

★ Brenda Ann Spencer - Perpetrator of the Cleveland Elementary School shooting, killed 2

★ Robert Steinhäuser - Perpetrator of the Erfurt massacre

★ Jeff Weise - Perpetrator of the Red Lake massacre

★ Charles Whitman - Perpetrator of the University of Texas at Austin Tower Massacre

Examples of school shootings in pop culture

TV Shows

★ ''EndTheHate'', tv series focusing on bullying in the school systems (2007 - )

★ '', Canadian TV show that had a major school shooting in Season 4

Films

As the main theme

★ ''The Deadly Tower'', directed by Jerry Jameson (1975)

★ ''Light It Up (film)'', directed by Craig Bolotin (1999)

★ ''Duck! The Carbine High Massacre'', directed by and starring William Hellfire and Joey Smack (2000)

★ ''Home Room'', directed by Paul F. Ryan (2001)

★ ''Elephant'', directed by Gus Van Sant (2003)

★ ''Zero Day'', directed by Ben Coccio (2003)

★ ''Heart of America'', directed by Uwe Boll (2004)

★ ''Dark Matter'', directed by Shi Zheng Chen (2007)

★ '', directed by Micheal W. Watkins (1997)

As a subplot or plot vehicle

★ ''If...'', directed by Lindsay Anderson (1968)

★ ''Massacre at Central High'', directed by Rene Daalder (1976)

★ ''Heathers'', directed by Michael Lehmann (1989)

★ ''Toy Soldiers'', directed by Daniel Petrie Jr. (1991)

★ ''The Basketball Diaries'', directed by Scott Kalvert (1995)

★ ''Pep Squad'', directed by Steve Balderson (1998)

★ ''Pay It Forward'', directed by Mimi Leder (2000)

★ ''Lost and Delirious'', directed by Léa Pool (2001)

★ ''O'', directed by Tim Blake Nelson (2001)

★ ''Bang Bang You're Dead'', directed by Guy Ferland (2002)

★ ''American Gun'', directed by Aric Avelino (2005)

★ ''Empire Falls'', directed by Fred Schepisi (2005)

★ ''Pretty Persuasion'', directed by Marcos Siega (2005)

Race related

★ ''Higher Learning'', directed by John Singleton (1995)

★ ''American History X'', directed by Tony Kaye (1998)

Documentaries

★ ''Bowling for Columbine'' (2002)

★ ''Zero Hour: Massacre at Columbine High'' (2004)

★ ''The Killer at Thurston High''

★ ''I Don´t Like Mondays'' (2006) by John Dower, UK

Plays

★ ''Columbinus''

★ ''Bang Bang You're dead''

★ ''Give a Boy a Gun''

★ ''In Spite of Everything''

★ ''Defining Code Red''

★ ''First Person Shooter''

TV series featuring school shootings

★ ''7th Heaven'' -

★
★ Season 3, Episode 7: "Johnny Get Your Gun"

★
★ Season 6, Episode 2: "Teased"

★ ''Boston Public'' - Season 1, Episode 9: "Chapter Nine"

★ ''Buffy The Vampire Slayer'' - Season 3, Episode 18: "Earshot"

★ '' - Season 4, Episode 8: "Time Stands Still, Part Two"

★ ''Chicago Hope'' - Season 4, Episode 24: "Physician, Heal Thyself"

★ ''COPS'' - "Shots Fired"

★ '' - Season 2, Episode 4: "Bully For You"

★ '' - Season 1, Episode 20: "Grave Young Men"

★ ''ER'' - Season 6 Episode 24: "May Day"

★ ''Family Matters'' - Season 6, Episode 15: "The Gun"

★ ''The George Lopez Show'' - Season 5, Episode 6: "George Finds Therapy Benny-ficial" [1]

★ '' - Season 6, Episode 18: "Full Court Press"

★ ''Joan of Arcadia'' - Season 1, Episode 11: "The Uncertainty Principle"

★ ''Law & Order'' - Season 11, Episode 22: "School Daze"

★ '' Season 7, Episode 6: "Raw"

★ ''My So-Called Life'' - Season 1, Episode 3: "Guns and Gossip"

★ ''Numb3rs'' - Season 2, Episode 19: "Dark Matter"

★ ''One Tree Hill'' - Season 3, Episode 16: "With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept"

★ ''The Outer Limits'' - Season 2, Episode 16: "Final Exam"

★ ''Promised Land'' - Season 2, Episode 21: "When Darkness Falls"

★ ''The Shield'' - Season 5, Episode 1: "Extraction"

★ ''South of Nowhere'' - Season 2, Episode 13: "Trouble in Paradise"

★ ''Static Shock'' - Season 2, Episode 12: "Jimmy"

★ ''Third Watch'' - Season 2, Episode 22: "...And Zeus Wept"

★ ''Touched By An Angel'' - Season 8, Episode 18: "Minute By Minute"

★ ''The Unit'' - Season 2, Episode 20: "In Loco Parentis"

★ ''Veronica Mars'' - Season 2, Episode 21: "Happy Go Lucky"

Songs about school shootings

★ "Ohio" by Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young, about the Kent State shootings (1970)

★ "Sniper" by Harry Chapin (featured on the 1972 album ''Sniper and Other Love Songs'')

★ "The Ballad of Charles Whitman" by Kinky Friedman (featured on the 1973 album ''Sold American'')

★ "I Don't Like Mondays" by The Boomtown Rats (1979)

★ "The Homecoming Queen's Got a Gun" by Julie Brown (1984)

★ "Livin' In A World (They Didn't Make)" by Janet Jackson (featured on the 1989 album ''Rhythm Nation 1814'', the song includes audio of a news anchor reporting the Stockton massacre)

★ "Jeremy" (1991) and "Rival" (2000) by Pearl Jam

★ "Weisses Fleisch" by Rammstein (featured on the 1995 album ''Herzeleid'')

★ "Ronnie" by Metallica (1996)

★ "Monday" by The Living End (featured on their 1998 self-titled album)

★ "She's Anti" by Home Grown (featured on the 1998 album ''Act Your Age'')

★ "April 20th" by Yellowcard (featured on the 1999 album ''Where We Stand'')

★ "New Hope" by Five Iron Frenzy (featured on the 1999 album ''Proof That the Youth Are Revolting'')

★ "So Long" by Everlast (1999)

★ "This Is Your Time" by Michael W. Smith (1999) (also covered by Five Iron Frenzy)

★ "To the Teeth" by Ani DiFranco (1999)

★ "Disposable Teens" (2000) and "The Nobodies" (2001) by Marilyn Manson, direct responses to the Columbine High School shootings

★ "High School Dance" by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones (featured on the 2000 album ''Pay Attention'')

★ "The Kinslayer" by Nightwish (2000)

★ "Rock the 40 Oz." by Leftöver Crack (2000)

★ "The Way I Am" by Eminem, briefly addresses the subject as the media tries to inculcate him for inciting school shootings (2000)

★ "Arkansas" by MC Solaar (featured on the 2001 album ''Cinquième As'')

★ "Stole" by Kelly Rowland (2002)

★ "Youth of the Nation" by P.O.D. (2002)

★ "Lullaby For Wayne" by Weezer (2004)

★ "Columbine High Blues" by Countess (2006)

★ "Teenagers" by My Chemical Romance (2007)

★ "An American Elegy" composed by Frank Ticheli (often played by high school symphonic bands)

★ "Educated Hate" by Rorschach Test

★ "The Anatomy Of a School Shooting" by Ill Bill

★ "Ticking" by Elton John

★ "Cassie" by Flyleaf

★ "Black Shadow Symphony" by Westworld

★ "The Good Die Young" by Tupac Shakur and the Outlawz, dedicated to the kids who "died innocent, died young at Columbine high".

★ "Social Studies" by Bizzy Bone

★ "Hey Sandy" by Harvey Andrews (Kent State Shootings)
Additional Notes;

★ Several songs by Insane Clown Posse have been about ''attempting'' a school shooting.

★ "With Hope", by Steven Curtis Chapman, is not about a shooting, but is dedicated in part to the three students killed in the 1997 Heath shooting. Chapman graduated from Heath in 1981.

★ Swedish rap group Mobbade Barn Med Automatvapen got their name from school shootings in general. The name is in Swedish and means "bullied kids with automatic rifles".

Novels about school shootings

★ ''The Scarf'' (1947) by Robert Bloch (not a school shooting novel ''per se''; contains elements of mass murder fantasies, especially one passage which is one of the earliest known sniper stories)

★ ''Rage'' (1977) by Stephen King

★ ''Rape of a Normal Mind'' (1977) by Christopher Cobb and Bob Avery

★ ''Empire Falls'' (2001) Pulitzer Prize winning novel by Richard Russo

★ ''Give A Boy A Gun'' (2002) by Todd Strasser

★ ''After'' (2003) by Francine Prose

★ ''A Question of Blood'' (2003) by Ian Rankin

★ ''Hey Nostradamus!'' (2003) by Douglas Coupland

★ ''Vernon God Little'' (2003) by DBC Pierre

★ ''We Need to Talk about Kevin'' (2003) by Lionel Shriver

★ ''Project X'' (2004) by Jim Shepard

★ ''School Days '' (2005) by Robert B. Parker

★ ''Shooter'' (2005) by Walter Dean Myers

★ ''Brockway High'' (2006) by Zoey Hardy

★ ''Endgame'' (2006) by Nancy Garden

★ ''Nineteen Minutes'' (2007) by Jodi Picoult

★ ''She Said Yes'' by Misty Bernall

★ ''Ravenhill'' by Timothy Hillmer

★ The webcomic Jack featured a school shooting in its earlier strips, in which a student manages to kill the shooter, who then goes to the afterlife, where he has to meet the students he killed.

References

1. CNN (March 25, 1998). School shootings have high profile but occur infrequently.
2. Killingbeck, Donna. The Role of Television News in the Construction of School Violence as a 'Moral Panic." ''Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture'', 8(3) (2001) 186-202
3. National Center for Education Statistics' Violence and Discipline Problems in U.S. Public Schools, 1996-97.
4. The Final Report and Findings of the Safe School Initiative
5. PBS article on murder profiles
6. Deadly Lessons: School Shooters Tell Why, description of Secret Service study. (October 15 2000) ''Chicago Sun-Times''. Accessed April 8 2006

Bibliography

★ ''The Copycat Effect'' (2004) by Loren Coleman ISBN 0-7434-8223-9

★ '' '' (2004) by Katherine Newman

★ ''School Shootings '' (2004) by Frank J. Robertz

External links

★ Why they kill

★ School shootings and the copycat effect

★ General information about the Bath School Disaster

★ Sidebar to "Killing Our Future"

★ Start 'Em Young

★ The Depressive and the Psychopath: The FBI's analysis of the Columbine killers' motives

★ Columbine High School shooting, then and now

★ The Columbine Almanac - Links and analysis of most major media coverage

★ Schoolboy killing stuns Canada

★ Timeline of Kip Kinkel ordeal

★ Crime Library article about school shootings

★ ''Columbia Journalism Review'' contrasting Columbine coverage to Red Lake

★ BBC timeline of US school shootings

★ ''Indianapolis Star'': School violence around the world (November 2004)

★ The Scene of the Crime Was the Cause of the Crime - Excerpt from ''Going Postal: Rage, Murder, and Rebellion -- From Reagan's Workplaces to Clinton's Columbine and Beyond'' by Mark Ames.

★ Dreading Columbine - Sociological exploration of suburban school shootings.

★ Deadly Lessons: Understanding Lethal School Violence

★ Teaching Kids to Kill

★ Mass Shootings at Virginia Tech Report of the Review Panel

This article provided by Wikipedia. To edit the contents of this article, click here for original source.

psst.. try this: add to faves

	Gunfire at Chicago High School Basketball Game
	Gunman Opens Fire at Finnish School, 10 Dead
	Raw Video: 10 Dead in German School Shooting
	Student Arrested After Shooting Classmate

	Vision 2000 Travel Group, Vancouver
	Entrance Travel
	Hotel Valley Ho (Cafe ZuZu, VH Spa)
	Century 21 Beltair Associates
	Scottsdale CVB
	Interpro Travel Services Inc.
	traverse jamaica
	Pelican Executive Suites
	Travelonly - Dave Corless
	Time Out for Touring Inc.

SCHOOL SHOOTING

Defining school shooting

"Profiling" school shooters

List of school shootings

Well known shootings

United States

Canada

Israel

Other countries