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(Redirected from Seine (département))
'Seine' was a ''département'' of France encompassing Paris and its immediate suburbs. Its ''préfecture'' (capital) was Paris and its official number was 75. The Seine ''département'' was abolished in 1968.
The Seine ''département'' was created on March 4, 1790 under the name Paris ''département'' (French: ''département de Paris''). In 1795 the name was changed into Seine ''département'' (French: ''département de la Seine''), after the Seine River flowing through it.
From 1929 to its end in 1968, Seine consisted of the city (commune) of Paris and 80 independent suburban communes surrounding Paris. It had an area of 480 km² (185 sq. miles), 22% of that area being the city of Paris, and 78% being independent suburbs. It was divided into three ''arrondissements'': Paris, Sceaux, and Saint-Denis.
At the first French census in 1801, the Seine ''département'' had 631,585 inhabitants (87% of them living in the city of Paris, 13% in the independent suburbs) and was the second most populous ''département'' of the vast Napoleonic Empire (behind the Nord ''département''), more populous than even the dense ''départements'' of what is now Belgium and the Netherlands. With the growth of Paris and its suburbs, the population of the Seine ''département'' increased tremendously, and by 1968 it had reached a staggering 5,700,754 inhabitants figure (45% of them living in the city of Paris, 55% in the independent suburbs), being now by far the most populous ''département'' of France. It was judged that the Seine ''département'' was now too large and ungovernable, and so on January 1, 1968 it was split into four smaller ''départements'': Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne.
In detail, the splitting up of the Seine ''département'' was carried out like this:
★ the city (commune) of Paris was turned into a ''département'' in its own right, with no other communes inside this ''département''. The official number 75 which was used for the Seine ''département'' was given to the new Paris ''département''.
★ 29 communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 18 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' (which was also abolished in 1968) to form the new Val-de-Marne ''département'', and the official number 94 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the Territoires du Sud territory in the Saharan part of French Algeria).
★ 27 communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 9 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' to form the new Hauts-de-Seine ''département'', and the official number 92 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the ''département'' of Oran in French Algeria).
★ finally, the 24 remaining communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 16 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' to form the new Seine-Saint-Denis ''département'', and the official number 93 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the ''département'' of Constantine in French Algeria).
Taken together, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, and Seine-Saint-Denis, three ''départements'' known in France as the ''petite couronne'' (i.e. "small ring", as opposed to the "large ring" of the more distant suburbs), plus the city of Paris, are larger than the former Seine ''département'' (480 km² for the Seine ''département'' vs. 762 km² for Paris and ''petite couronne'').
At the 1999 French census, if the Seine ''département'' still existed its population would have been 5,203,818. The population of the ''département'' peaked in 1968, and it has lost inhabitants ever since as residents have relocated more and more from the center to the distant suburbs of the metropolitan area of Paris. Of the new ''départements'' created in 1968, Paris (75) was the most populous in 1999 with 2,125,246 inhabitants. The Paris ''département'' is now only the second most populous of France behind the Nord ''département''.
Today, there are some people in France who regret the break-up of the old Seine ''département''. In the 1960s it was felt that the ''département'' was too large to be properly governed, and everybody welcomed the change. However, in the last 40 years large ghettos have appeared in the suburbs of Paris, while the city of Paris itself has become more of a place for the wealthy, with the departure of lower-middle-class residents to the suburbs. The building of the large ''Périphérique'' freeway all around the city of Paris also contributed to the feeling of marked segregation between Paris proper and its suburbs. Many politicians and intellectuals regret the loss of the old Seine ''département'' in the sense that before there existed a common administration for the city of Paris and its immediate suburbs, creating a sense of community throughout the metropolitan area, whereas today rich Paris administers itself solely and leaves the suburbs to their own fate.
However, so far there are no real plans to revive the old Seine ''département''. Moreover, the creation of the Île-de-France ''région'' in the 1970s, which encompasses not only the territory of the former Seine ''département'', but also the more distant suburbs of Paris, may in time prove to be the unifying structure for the metropolitan area that was once the Seine ''département''.
'Seine' was a ''département'' of France encompassing Paris and its immediate suburbs. Its ''préfecture'' (capital) was Paris and its official number was 75. The Seine ''département'' was abolished in 1968.
| Contents |
| General characteristics |
| Split-up |
| Population |
| Controversy over the break-up |
General characteristics
The Seine ''département'' was created on March 4, 1790 under the name Paris ''département'' (French: ''département de Paris''). In 1795 the name was changed into Seine ''département'' (French: ''département de la Seine''), after the Seine River flowing through it.
From 1929 to its end in 1968, Seine consisted of the city (commune) of Paris and 80 independent suburban communes surrounding Paris. It had an area of 480 km² (185 sq. miles), 22% of that area being the city of Paris, and 78% being independent suburbs. It was divided into three ''arrondissements'': Paris, Sceaux, and Saint-Denis.
Split-up
At the first French census in 1801, the Seine ''département'' had 631,585 inhabitants (87% of them living in the city of Paris, 13% in the independent suburbs) and was the second most populous ''département'' of the vast Napoleonic Empire (behind the Nord ''département''), more populous than even the dense ''départements'' of what is now Belgium and the Netherlands. With the growth of Paris and its suburbs, the population of the Seine ''département'' increased tremendously, and by 1968 it had reached a staggering 5,700,754 inhabitants figure (45% of them living in the city of Paris, 55% in the independent suburbs), being now by far the most populous ''département'' of France. It was judged that the Seine ''département'' was now too large and ungovernable, and so on January 1, 1968 it was split into four smaller ''départements'': Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne.
In detail, the splitting up of the Seine ''département'' was carried out like this:
★ the city (commune) of Paris was turned into a ''département'' in its own right, with no other communes inside this ''département''. The official number 75 which was used for the Seine ''département'' was given to the new Paris ''département''.
★ 29 communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 18 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' (which was also abolished in 1968) to form the new Val-de-Marne ''département'', and the official number 94 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the Territoires du Sud territory in the Saharan part of French Algeria).
★ 27 communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 9 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' to form the new Hauts-de-Seine ''département'', and the official number 92 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the ''département'' of Oran in French Algeria).
★ finally, the 24 remaining communes of the Seine ''département'' were grouped with 16 communes of the Seine-et-Oise ''département'' to form the new Seine-Saint-Denis ''département'', and the official number 93 was assigned to this ''département'' (a number previously used for the ''département'' of Constantine in French Algeria).
Taken together, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, and Seine-Saint-Denis, three ''départements'' known in France as the ''petite couronne'' (i.e. "small ring", as opposed to the "large ring" of the more distant suburbs), plus the city of Paris, are larger than the former Seine ''département'' (480 km² for the Seine ''département'' vs. 762 km² for Paris and ''petite couronne'').
Population
At the 1999 French census, if the Seine ''département'' still existed its population would have been 5,203,818. The population of the ''département'' peaked in 1968, and it has lost inhabitants ever since as residents have relocated more and more from the center to the distant suburbs of the metropolitan area of Paris. Of the new ''départements'' created in 1968, Paris (75) was the most populous in 1999 with 2,125,246 inhabitants. The Paris ''département'' is now only the second most populous of France behind the Nord ''département''.
Controversy over the break-up
Paris and ''petite couronne'': the four ''départements'' created in 1968 when the Seine and the Seine-et-Oise ''départements'' were abolished. The four ''départements'' are altogether larger than the former Seine ''département''.
Today, there are some people in France who regret the break-up of the old Seine ''département''. In the 1960s it was felt that the ''département'' was too large to be properly governed, and everybody welcomed the change. However, in the last 40 years large ghettos have appeared in the suburbs of Paris, while the city of Paris itself has become more of a place for the wealthy, with the departure of lower-middle-class residents to the suburbs. The building of the large ''Périphérique'' freeway all around the city of Paris also contributed to the feeling of marked segregation between Paris proper and its suburbs. Many politicians and intellectuals regret the loss of the old Seine ''département'' in the sense that before there existed a common administration for the city of Paris and its immediate suburbs, creating a sense of community throughout the metropolitan area, whereas today rich Paris administers itself solely and leaves the suburbs to their own fate.
However, so far there are no real plans to revive the old Seine ''département''. Moreover, the creation of the Île-de-France ''région'' in the 1970s, which encompasses not only the territory of the former Seine ''département'', but also the more distant suburbs of Paris, may in time prove to be the unifying structure for the metropolitan area that was once the Seine ''département''.
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