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:''Spaz redirects here. For other uses, see Spaz (disambiguation)
The word 'spastic' is used differently depending on location, which has led to some controversy and misunderstanding. The term generally originates from spasticity, a medical condition characterized by involuntary spasms. Similarly symptomatic conditions include spastic diplegia and cerebral palsy.
The term can also be used in a pejorative context and all its various colloquial diminutives such as 'spaz' carry this sense. Their level of severity depends on whether one understands them as they are used in the United States or the United Kingdom [1]. In the UK they are not used in polite society and are considered highly abusive terms that generally denote people deemed to be mentally or behaviorally deficient. In the US they are more closely associated with hyperactivity or clumsiness and carry no offensive connotations.
The word was historically a medical term for a sufferer of spasticity. It is generally regarded as having been brought to public knowledge and popularized from its use in the name of The Spastics Society, a charity for people with cerebral palsy, which was founded in 1951 and has a reasonably high public profile from its street collections and charity shops.
However, the term began to be used as an insult, and became a term of abuse for an ungainly or physically inept person, derived from a common misconception that those with any physical disability resulting in spasticity would necessarily also have a mental or developmental disability. It is often colloquially abbreviated to forms such as "spa", "spaz", "spag", "spack", "spacko" and "spacker".
The Spastics Society changed its name to SCOPE in 1994. A widely held belief is that this was due to the BBC children's television programme Blue Peter. Several episodes of the show in 1981 featured a cerebral palsy sufferer (described as a "spastic") named Joey Deacon. This was an attempt during the International Year of Disabled Persons to bring the relatively hidden world of physical disabilities to a widespread audience by presenting one person's brave struggle with a debilitating condition. Sadly, it had unexpected negative consequences as Mr Deacon was the subject of ridicule from many of the show's viewers. Phrases such as "You Joey" and "You spaz" became popular insults amongst children at that time. [2]
It is therefore argued that Blue Peter caused "spastic" and its abbreviations to develop highly offensive connotations. In reality, these words had been used in a derogatory manner for some years previously. However, their usage did significantly increase as a result of the broadcasts, particularly amongst children. The widespread casual use of these terms as playground insults by children who did not fully understand physical disability caused great distress to sufferers and their carers and contributed to an increased stereotyping and misunderstanding of disability throughout society.
It is probably an exaggeration to say that the Blue Peter shows were the sole contributor to the charity's name change, but they were undoubtedly a substantial factor. The rebranding can also be seen as part of the anti-discrimination movement of that period, and resulted in the terms dropping out of common usage as the majority of British society came to regard them as offensive and politically incorrect. The new name has led to the occasional perjorative use of related expressions such as ''Scoper'' or ''Scopey''.
In the mid-1980s, some people attempted to "reclaim" the term. This is the meaning in the Ian Dury and the Blockheads song: ''Spasticus Autisticus'', and it is also used in the Ben Elton book ''Gridlock''. There is also a movie called "I'm Spasticus" (a wordplay on "I'm Spartacus"). The group 2NU best known for their early 90's Top 40 song "Ponderous" wrote a song called "Spaz Attack".
The current connotations of the word are well-illustated by a BBC survey in 2003, which found that "spastic" was the second most offensive term relating to disability (retard was deemed most offensive) [3]. In 2007, Lynne Murphy, a linguist at the University of Sussex, described the term as being "one of the most taboo insults to a British ear" .
In American slang, the term "spaz" is generally inoffensive, most Americans considering it casual slang for clumsiness, sometimes associated from overexcitement, excessive energy, or hyperactivity. Its usage has been documented as far back as the mid 1950s [4] . It was especially common in Valley Girl or preppy pop culture trends of the 1980s which emulated the affectations of affluent urban youth of Southern California. The term is often said of oneself in moments of clumsiness, awkwardness or absentmindedness.
On occasion North American TV series or movies, such as ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', ''Firefly'' and ''Meatballs'', will use the term "spaz" and get a different reaction from British and American audiences.
The difference in understanding of the term was highlighted by an incident with the golfer Tiger Woods; after losing the US Masters Tournament in 2006, he said, "I was so in control from tee to green, the best I've played for years... But as soon as I got on the green I was a spaz." His remarks were broadcast and drew no attention in America. But they were widely reported in England, where they caused offence and were condemned by a representative of SCOPE and Tanni Grey-Thompson, a prominent paralympian. On learning of the furore over his comments, Woods' representative promptly apologized. [5] [6]
Most Americans were surprised when they learned about the controversy. In fact, at least one American dictionary (Merriam Webster's) makes no reference to cerebral palsy in its definition or word origins. It simply defines "spaz" as a shortening of the word "spastic" and "one who is inept."
Many products in America use the word Spaz as part of their name because of the American connotation of energy and excitement.
Controversy arises if products are sold in the UK or other parts of Europe under the same name. In particular the manufacturers and importers of the ''Spazz'' wheelchair were criticised by the British SCOPE charity when they put the wheelchair on sale in the UK. SCOPE expressed a fear that the usage of the word as an insult would increase again, after a steady decline since the 1980s. [7]
A caffeinated lipbalm created by a police officer is called "SpazzStick." [8] "Spaz-Stix" is the company that produces high end remote control car/plane paints.
An energy drink is called "Spaz Juice" and has a slogan, "all the energy you need to annoy everybody else." [9]
On June 29th 2007, Ubisoft of France pulled one of their games called '', for referring to players who did not perform well at the game as "Super Spastic" which can be construed in the UK as being offensive. The company stated "As soon as we were made aware of the issue we stopped distribution of the product and are now working with retailers to pull the game off the market." [10] Similarly, Nintendo recalled Mario Party 8 in the UK after releasing a version containing the line "[t]urn the train spastic" in its dialogue. [11]
1. spastic, learning disability
2. BBC News - The s-word
3. Worst Word Vote
4. A brief history of "spaz"
5. SI.com - Golf - Agent: Tiger sorry for 'spaz' remark - Thursday April 13, 2006 4:02PM
6. Tanni criticises "stupid" Tiger
7. The Daily Record - NEWS - DISABLED OUTRAGE OVER WHEELCHAIR CALLED THE SPAZZ - DISABLED OUTRAGE OVER WHEELCHAIR CALLED THE SPAZZ
8. SPAZZSTICK dot com :: The World's ONLY Caffeinated Lip Balm!
9. Happy Bunny Spaz Juice - The BevNET.com Review
10. Brain game pulled over 'offense'
11. Mario's Party ended for saying "spastic"
The word 'spastic' is used differently depending on location, which has led to some controversy and misunderstanding. The term generally originates from spasticity, a medical condition characterized by involuntary spasms. Similarly symptomatic conditions include spastic diplegia and cerebral palsy.
The term can also be used in a pejorative context and all its various colloquial diminutives such as 'spaz' carry this sense. Their level of severity depends on whether one understands them as they are used in the United States or the United Kingdom [1]. In the UK they are not used in polite society and are considered highly abusive terms that generally denote people deemed to be mentally or behaviorally deficient. In the US they are more closely associated with hyperactivity or clumsiness and carry no offensive connotations.
| Contents |
| Connotations in the United Kingdom |
| Connotations in the United States |
| "Spaz" products |
| References |
Connotations in the United Kingdom
The word was historically a medical term for a sufferer of spasticity. It is generally regarded as having been brought to public knowledge and popularized from its use in the name of The Spastics Society, a charity for people with cerebral palsy, which was founded in 1951 and has a reasonably high public profile from its street collections and charity shops.
However, the term began to be used as an insult, and became a term of abuse for an ungainly or physically inept person, derived from a common misconception that those with any physical disability resulting in spasticity would necessarily also have a mental or developmental disability. It is often colloquially abbreviated to forms such as "spa", "spaz", "spag", "spack", "spacko" and "spacker".
The Spastics Society changed its name to SCOPE in 1994. A widely held belief is that this was due to the BBC children's television programme Blue Peter. Several episodes of the show in 1981 featured a cerebral palsy sufferer (described as a "spastic") named Joey Deacon. This was an attempt during the International Year of Disabled Persons to bring the relatively hidden world of physical disabilities to a widespread audience by presenting one person's brave struggle with a debilitating condition. Sadly, it had unexpected negative consequences as Mr Deacon was the subject of ridicule from many of the show's viewers. Phrases such as "You Joey" and "You spaz" became popular insults amongst children at that time. [2]
It is therefore argued that Blue Peter caused "spastic" and its abbreviations to develop highly offensive connotations. In reality, these words had been used in a derogatory manner for some years previously. However, their usage did significantly increase as a result of the broadcasts, particularly amongst children. The widespread casual use of these terms as playground insults by children who did not fully understand physical disability caused great distress to sufferers and their carers and contributed to an increased stereotyping and misunderstanding of disability throughout society.
It is probably an exaggeration to say that the Blue Peter shows were the sole contributor to the charity's name change, but they were undoubtedly a substantial factor. The rebranding can also be seen as part of the anti-discrimination movement of that period, and resulted in the terms dropping out of common usage as the majority of British society came to regard them as offensive and politically incorrect. The new name has led to the occasional perjorative use of related expressions such as ''Scoper'' or ''Scopey''.
In the mid-1980s, some people attempted to "reclaim" the term. This is the meaning in the Ian Dury and the Blockheads song: ''Spasticus Autisticus'', and it is also used in the Ben Elton book ''Gridlock''. There is also a movie called "I'm Spasticus" (a wordplay on "I'm Spartacus"). The group 2NU best known for their early 90's Top 40 song "Ponderous" wrote a song called "Spaz Attack".
The current connotations of the word are well-illustated by a BBC survey in 2003, which found that "spastic" was the second most offensive term relating to disability (retard was deemed most offensive) [3]. In 2007, Lynne Murphy, a linguist at the University of Sussex, described the term as being "one of the most taboo insults to a British ear" .
Connotations in the United States
In American slang, the term "spaz" is generally inoffensive, most Americans considering it casual slang for clumsiness, sometimes associated from overexcitement, excessive energy, or hyperactivity. Its usage has been documented as far back as the mid 1950s [4] . It was especially common in Valley Girl or preppy pop culture trends of the 1980s which emulated the affectations of affluent urban youth of Southern California. The term is often said of oneself in moments of clumsiness, awkwardness or absentmindedness.
On occasion North American TV series or movies, such as ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', ''Firefly'' and ''Meatballs'', will use the term "spaz" and get a different reaction from British and American audiences.
The difference in understanding of the term was highlighted by an incident with the golfer Tiger Woods; after losing the US Masters Tournament in 2006, he said, "I was so in control from tee to green, the best I've played for years... But as soon as I got on the green I was a spaz." His remarks were broadcast and drew no attention in America. But they were widely reported in England, where they caused offence and were condemned by a representative of SCOPE and Tanni Grey-Thompson, a prominent paralympian. On learning of the furore over his comments, Woods' representative promptly apologized. [5] [6]
Most Americans were surprised when they learned about the controversy. In fact, at least one American dictionary (Merriam Webster's) makes no reference to cerebral palsy in its definition or word origins. It simply defines "spaz" as a shortening of the word "spastic" and "one who is inept."
"Spaz" products
Many products in America use the word Spaz as part of their name because of the American connotation of energy and excitement.
Controversy arises if products are sold in the UK or other parts of Europe under the same name. In particular the manufacturers and importers of the ''Spazz'' wheelchair were criticised by the British SCOPE charity when they put the wheelchair on sale in the UK. SCOPE expressed a fear that the usage of the word as an insult would increase again, after a steady decline since the 1980s. [7]
A caffeinated lipbalm created by a police officer is called "SpazzStick." [8] "Spaz-Stix" is the company that produces high end remote control car/plane paints.
An energy drink is called "Spaz Juice" and has a slogan, "all the energy you need to annoy everybody else." [9]
On June 29th 2007, Ubisoft of France pulled one of their games called '', for referring to players who did not perform well at the game as "Super Spastic" which can be construed in the UK as being offensive. The company stated "As soon as we were made aware of the issue we stopped distribution of the product and are now working with retailers to pull the game off the market." [10] Similarly, Nintendo recalled Mario Party 8 in the UK after releasing a version containing the line "[t]urn the train spastic" in its dialogue. [11]
References
1. spastic, learning disability
2. BBC News - The s-word
3. Worst Word Vote
4. A brief history of "spaz"
5. SI.com - Golf - Agent: Tiger sorry for 'spaz' remark - Thursday April 13, 2006 4:02PM
6. Tanni criticises "stupid" Tiger
7. The Daily Record - NEWS - DISABLED OUTRAGE OVER WHEELCHAIR CALLED THE SPAZZ - DISABLED OUTRAGE OVER WHEELCHAIR CALLED THE SPAZZ
8. SPAZZSTICK dot com :: The World's ONLY Caffeinated Lip Balm!
9. Happy Bunny Spaz Juice - The BevNET.com Review
10. Brain game pulled over 'offense'
11. Mario's Party ended for saying "spastic"
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