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(Redirected from St. Januarius)
:''Januarius is the name of the month in the ancient Roman calendar, called January in English.''
:''Januarius is the name of one of the sons of Saint Felicitas of Rome.''
'Saint Januarius', or 'San Gennaro', bishop of Benevento, is a saint and martyr in both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions. According to legendary sources, he died in 305 during the persecution of Diocletian near Puteoli at the sulphur mines near the Solfatara, where he was visiting imprisoned deacons. He was beheaded along with many other companions (see Saint Proculus of Pozzuoli). His body was later transferred to Naples, of which he is now the patron saint.
He retains his feast day, September 19, in the calendar of the Catholic Church and in the new calendar of the Eastern Orthodox Church, despite very limited information about his life and works, primarily due to the reputed miracle of the annual liquefaction of his blood. The dried blood is safely stored in small capsules in a reliquary. When these capsules are brought into the vicinity of his body on his feast day or on the Saturday before the first Sunday in May, the dried blood becomes liquid.
Thousands of persons assemble to witness this event in the cathedral of Naples each year. The archbishop, at the high altar amid prayers and invocations holds up a glass phial that is said to contain the dried blood of San Gennaro, the city’s patron saint, and declares that it has liquefied. The announcement of the liquefaction is greeted with a 21-gun salute at the 13th-century Castel Nuovo.
The ceremony takes place in May and December as well as on San Gennaro's feast day in September. The first recorded reference to the 'miracle of the blood' was in 1389.
The liquefaction sometimes takes place almost immediately, or can take hours, even days.
For the Italian population of Little Italy, Manhattan, and other New Yorkers, the Feast of San Gennaro is a highlight of the year, when the saint's polychrome statue is carried through the streets and a blocks-long street fair ensues.
The Feast of San Gennaro Los Angeles, founded by Jimmy Kimmel and Doug DeLuca in 2002, is a major annual event held every September in Hollywood. for more information, go to www.feastofla.org
Famous historian Eric Hobsbawm mentions the "blood miracle" as a historical example to explain the sources of nationalism in his outstanding work of Nations and Nationalism since 1780 : programme, myth, reality (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990).
Critics suggest that the liquefaction miracle involves not blood but rather a thixotropic gel, such as hydrated iron oxide, or FeO(OH).[2] In such a substance viscosity increases if left unstirred and decreases if stirred or moved.[3][4]
Additionally, Joe Nickell notes that
★ Cathedral of Naples
★ Feast of San Gennaro, held annually in New York
1. Januarius
2. The Miracle Blood of Saint Januarius
3. Better Blood Through Chemistry: A Laboratory Replication of a Miracle, , Michael, Epstein, Journal of Scientific Exploration,
4. Naples blood boils at miracle's 'debunking' Richard Owen
★ The Blood of St. Januarius by CICAP, the Italian Committee for the Investigation of Claims on the Paranormal
★ San Gennaro
★ New York's Feast of San Gennaro
★ The Blood Still Boils by Doug Skinner, ''Fate'', July 2006
:''Januarius is the name of the month in the ancient Roman calendar, called January in English.''
:''Januarius is the name of one of the sons of Saint Felicitas of Rome.''
'Saint Januarius', or 'San Gennaro', bishop of Benevento, is a saint and martyr in both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions. According to legendary sources, he died in 305 during the persecution of Diocletian near Puteoli at the sulphur mines near the Solfatara, where he was visiting imprisoned deacons. He was beheaded along with many other companions (see Saint Proculus of Pozzuoli). His body was later transferred to Naples, of which he is now the patron saint.
| Contents |
| Blood miracle and veneration |
| Scientific scrutiny |
| Gallery |
| See also |
| Notes |
| External links |
Blood miracle and veneration
He retains his feast day, September 19, in the calendar of the Catholic Church and in the new calendar of the Eastern Orthodox Church, despite very limited information about his life and works, primarily due to the reputed miracle of the annual liquefaction of his blood. The dried blood is safely stored in small capsules in a reliquary. When these capsules are brought into the vicinity of his body on his feast day or on the Saturday before the first Sunday in May, the dried blood becomes liquid.
Thousands of persons assemble to witness this event in the cathedral of Naples each year. The archbishop, at the high altar amid prayers and invocations holds up a glass phial that is said to contain the dried blood of San Gennaro, the city’s patron saint, and declares that it has liquefied. The announcement of the liquefaction is greeted with a 21-gun salute at the 13th-century Castel Nuovo.
''Martyrdom of Saint Januarius'' (1727) by Girolamo Pesce (1679-1759).
The ceremony takes place in May and December as well as on San Gennaro's feast day in September. The first recorded reference to the 'miracle of the blood' was in 1389.
The liquefaction sometimes takes place almost immediately, or can take hours, even days.
For the Italian population of Little Italy, Manhattan, and other New Yorkers, the Feast of San Gennaro is a highlight of the year, when the saint's polychrome statue is carried through the streets and a blocks-long street fair ensues.
The Feast of San Gennaro Los Angeles, founded by Jimmy Kimmel and Doug DeLuca in 2002, is a major annual event held every September in Hollywood. for more information, go to www.feastofla.org
Famous historian Eric Hobsbawm mentions the "blood miracle" as a historical example to explain the sources of nationalism in his outstanding work of Nations and Nationalism since 1780 : programme, myth, reality (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990).
Scientific scrutiny
Critics suggest that the liquefaction miracle involves not blood but rather a thixotropic gel, such as hydrated iron oxide, or FeO(OH).[2] In such a substance viscosity increases if left unstirred and decreases if stirred or moved.[3][4]
Additionally, Joe Nickell notes that
Gallery
See also
★ Cathedral of Naples
★ Feast of San Gennaro, held annually in New York
Notes
1. Januarius
2. The Miracle Blood of Saint Januarius
3. Better Blood Through Chemistry: A Laboratory Replication of a Miracle, , Michael, Epstein, Journal of Scientific Exploration,
4. Naples blood boils at miracle's 'debunking' Richard Owen
External links
★ The Blood of St. Januarius by CICAP, the Italian Committee for the Investigation of Claims on the Paranormal
★ San Gennaro
★ New York's Feast of San Gennaro
★ The Blood Still Boils by Doug Skinner, ''Fate'', July 2006
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