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'Standard time' is the result of synchronizing clocks in different geographical locations within a time zone to the same time rather than using the local meridian as in local mean time or solar time. The time so set has come to be defined in terms of offsets from Universal Time. (See more about standard time.)
Where daylight saving time is used, 'standard time' may refer to the time without daylight saving time.
Standard time was first used by British railways on December 11, 1847, when they switched from local mean time to GMT. The vast majority of Great Britain's public clocks were being synchronised using GMT by 1855.
Prior to the 1883, local mean time was used throughout North America, resulting in an inordinate number of local times. This caused convoluted regional and national train schedules. Sandford Fleming, a Canadian, proposed Standard Time at a Meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute on 1879 February 8. The heads of the major railroads met in Chicago to adopt the Standard Time System. The new system was adopted by most states almost immediately after railroads did so and finally officially adopted by the U.S. government almost fifty years later.
In 2007 the United States enacted a federal law formalizing the use of Coordinated Universal Time as the basis of standard time, and the role of the Secretary of Commerce (effectively, the National Institute of Standards and Technology) and the Secretary of the Navy (effectively, the U.S. Naval Observatory) in disseminating standard time (H.R. 2272: 21st Century Competitiveness Act of 2007, Section 3013).[1]
★ Solar time
★ Time zone
★ Universal Time
★ Standard time movement
★ The adoption of standard time, Ian R. Bartky, , , Technology and Culture,
★ The standardization of time: a sociohistorical perspective, Eviatar Zerubavel, , , The American Journal of Sociology,
★ World Time Scales
Where daylight saving time is used, 'standard time' may refer to the time without daylight saving time.
| Contents |
| History of Standard Time |
| Great Britain |
| North America |
| See also |
| References |
| Further reading |
History of Standard Time
Great Britain
Standard time was first used by British railways on December 11, 1847, when they switched from local mean time to GMT. The vast majority of Great Britain's public clocks were being synchronised using GMT by 1855.
North America
Prior to the 1883, local mean time was used throughout North America, resulting in an inordinate number of local times. This caused convoluted regional and national train schedules. Sandford Fleming, a Canadian, proposed Standard Time at a Meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute on 1879 February 8. The heads of the major railroads met in Chicago to adopt the Standard Time System. The new system was adopted by most states almost immediately after railroads did so and finally officially adopted by the U.S. government almost fifty years later.
In 2007 the United States enacted a federal law formalizing the use of Coordinated Universal Time as the basis of standard time, and the role of the Secretary of Commerce (effectively, the National Institute of Standards and Technology) and the Secretary of the Navy (effectively, the U.S. Naval Observatory) in disseminating standard time (H.R. 2272: 21st Century Competitiveness Act of 2007, Section 3013).[1]
See also
★ Solar time
★ Time zone
★ Universal Time
★ Standard time movement
References
Further reading
★ The adoption of standard time, Ian R. Bartky, , , Technology and Culture,
★ The standardization of time: a sociohistorical perspective, Eviatar Zerubavel, , , The American Journal of Sociology,
★ World Time Scales
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