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(Redirected from State Law and Order Restoration Council)

The 'State Peace and Development Council' (; ; abbreviated 'SPDC') is the official name of the military regime of Myanmar (formerly known as Burma). It seized power by force instead of honouring the free and fair election of 1990 which resulted in overwhelming support for the opposition National League for Democracy (NLD).
The regime has been accused of brutal persecutions of minority ethnic groups, opposition groups, students and human-rights activists. It has also brought a level of stability in the country through this authoritarian rule.
In 1997, Burma's ruling military junta announced it was changing its name from the 'State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC)' to the "State Peace and Development Council" (SPDC). The SPDC consists of the commanders of the service branches and of the regional military commands. The nineteen members of the junta probably wield a great deal more power than the cabinet ministers. Some members of the junta also hold cabinet portfolios. By most accounts, regional commanders enjoy a great deal of autonomy in their respective areas.

Contents

History

List of Heads of State of Burma (1948-Present)

Leaders of SPDC

Members

External links

References

History

SLORC was formed when the Burmese armed forces, commanded by General Saw Maung (later self-promoted to 'Senior General' Saw Maung, died July 1997), seized power on 18 September 1988 crushing the 'Four Eights' (8888) uprising. On the day it seized power SLORC issued Order No.1/1988 stating that the Armed Forces had taken over power and announced the formation of the SLORC. With Order No. 2/1988, the SLORC abolished all 'Organs of State Power' that were formed under the 1974 Burmese Constitution. The Pyithu Hluttaw (the Legislature under the 1974 Constitution), the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet), the Council of People's Justices (the Judiciary), the Council of People's Attorneys (the 'Attorney-General Office'), the Council of People's Inspectors (the 'Auditor-General Office'), as well as the State/Division, Township, Ward/Village People's Councils were abolished.
The SLORC also stated that the services of the Deputy Ministers in the previous Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) government which it replaced were also terminated. (Under the 1974 Burmese Constitution the 'Council of Ministers' acted as a Cabinet but since the Deputy Ministers were not considered to be formally part of the Council of Ministers the SLORC made sure that the Deputy Minister's -- together with the Ministers' -- services in the previous BSPP government from whom it had taken over power were also terminated.) The Orders that SLORC issued on the day of its takeover can be seen in the 19 September 1988 issue of The Working People's Daily. The first Chairman of SLORC was General Saw Maung, later Senior General Saw Maung. Saw Maung was also the Prime Minister. Saw Maung was removed as both Chairman of SLORC and Prime Minister on 23 April 1992 and General Than Shwe (later Senior General Than Shwe) took over both posts from him.
On 15 November 1997 the SLORC was abolished and reconstituted itself as the State Peace and Development Council. Most but not all members of the abolished SLORC were in the SPDC.

List of Heads of State of Burma (1948-Present)

===Presidents of the Union of Burma (1948-1988)===

★ Sao Shwe Thaik (4 January 1948 - 16 March 1952)

★ Ba U (16 March 1952 - 13 March 1957)

★ Win Maung (13 March 1957 - 2 March 1962)

★ General Ne Win (2 March 1962 - 9 November 1981) (Chairman Revolutionary Council to 2 March 1974)

★ General San Yu (9 November 1981 - 25 July 1988)

★ Colonel Sein Lwin (25 July - 19 August 1988)

★ Dr. Maung Maung (19 August - 18 September 1988)
===Chairmen of the State Law and Order Restoration Council of the Union of Myanmar (1988-1997)===

★ Senior General Saw Maung (18 September 1988 - 23 April 1992)

★ Senior General Than Shwe (23 April 1992 - 15 November 1997)
===Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of the Union of Myanmar (1997-present)===

★ Senior General Than Shwe (15 November 1997 - Present)

Leaders of SPDC

★ Chairman, Senior-General Than Shwe, Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services

★ Vice-Chairman, Vice Senior General Maung Aye, Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services, Commander-in-Chief (Army)

Members

★ General Thura Shwe Mann, Joint Chief of Staff of the Army, Navy and Air Force

★ General Soe Win, Prime Minister

★ Lieutenant-General Thein Sein, First Secretary of SPDC, Adjutant General

★ Lieutenant-General Thiha Thura Tin Aung Myint Oo, Quartermaster General

★ Lieutenant-General Kyaw Win, Chief of Bureau of Special Operation-2 (Shan, Kayah)

★ Lieutenant-General Tin Aye, Chief of Military Ordance

★ Lieutenant-General Ye Myint, Chief of Bureau of Special Operation - 1 (Kachin, Chin, Sagaing, Magawe, Mandalay)

★ Lieutenant-General Aung Htwe, Chief of Armed Forces Training

★ Lieutenant-General Khin Maung Than, Chief of Bureau of Special Operation - 3 (Pegu, Rangoon, Irrawaddy, Arakan)

★ Lieutenant-General Maung Bo, Chief of Bureau of Special Operation - 4 (Karen, Mon, Tenasserim)

External links

★ Official Page of SPDC

★ Another Official Page of SPDC

★ Burma Campaign UK

★ Members of State Peace and Development Council (SPDC)

References