KYOSHI TAKAHAMA
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(Redirected from Takahama Kyoshi)
was the pen-name of a Japanese poet active in Showa period Japan. He was one of the closest disciples of Masaoka Shiki. His real name was Takahama Kiyoshi.
Takahama was born in what is now Matsuyama city, Ehime prefecture; his father, Ikeuchi Masatada, was a former ''samurai.'' At the age of nine he inherited from his grandmother's family, and took her surname of Takahama. He made an acquaintance with Masaoka Shiki via a classmate (Kawahigashi Hekigoto), and it was Masaoka Shiki who gave him the pen-name of ''Kyoshi''.
Ignoring Masaoka's advice, he quit school in 1894, and went to Tokyo to study Edo period Japanese literature. In 1895, he enrolled in the ''Tokyo Senmon Gakko'' (present-day Waseda University), but soon left the university for a job as an editor and literary critic for the literary magazine ''Nihonjin''. While working, he also submitted variants on ''haiku'' poetry, experimenting with irregular numbers of syllables. He married in 1897.
In 1898, Takahama came to manage the ''haiku'' magazine ''Hototogisu,'' which had been previously edited by Masaoka Shiki, and moved the headquarters of the magazine from Matsuyama to Tokyo. In ''Hototogisu'', he kept with the traditional style of ''haiku'', as opposed to the new trend having been developed in the Hekigo school. Takahama attached importance to the symbolic function of the ''kigo'' (season word), and he tried to exclude the more modern trend towards season-less ''haiku'' completely. While editing ''Hototogisu'', he also expanded its scope to include ''waka poems'' and prose, so that it became a general literary magazine. This was where Natsume SÅseki's ''Wagahai wa Neko de aru'' ("I Am a Cat") was first published, and Takahama contributed his own verses and short stories. These stories were collected into an anthology ''Keito'' ("Cockscomb",1908), with a foreword by Natsume SÅseki, who described the contents as “leisurely talesâ€.
In 1908, Takahama began a full length novel, ''Haikaishi'' ("The Haiku Master"), which appeared in newspapers in serialized form. This was followed by ''Bonjin'' ("An Ordinary Person", 1909), and ''ChÅsen'' ("Korea", 1912).
After 1912, he renewed his interest in ''haiku'', and published a commentary on ''haiku'' composition, ''Susumubeki haiku no michi'' ("The Path Haiku Ought to Take", 1915-1917). However, he continued to write short stories, edit ''Hototogisu'', and wrote another novel, ''Futatsu Kaki'' ("Two Persimmons", 1915). In addition, he began to show an interest in traditional Noh theatre, writing some new plays himself.
Takahama wrote 40,000 to 50,000 ''haiku'' in his lifetime, which appeared in anthologies such as ''Kyoshi Kushu'' and ''Gohyaku Ku''. His major postwar novel was ''Niji'' ("Rainbow", 1947).
In 1954, he was awarded the Order of Culture by the Japanese government. As editor of ''Hototogisu'', Takahama was instrumental in bringing many new writers and poets into the literary world, including Mizuhara Shuoshi, Yamaguchi Seishi and Takano Suju. He also encouraged his second daughter Hoshino Tatsuko to publish her own ''haiku'' magazine, ''Tamamo''.
Takahama moved to Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture in 1910 for his children's health and a fresh start for himself, and lived there for nearly 50 years until his death. His grave is at the temple of Jufuku-ji in Kamakura. He was posthumously awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1st class, by the Japanese government.
★ Japanese literature
★ List of Japanese authors
★ Literary Figures of Kamakura
★ Ehime Prefectural Library Site
★ Takahama Kyoshi Memorial Museum in Ashiya
was the pen-name of a Japanese poet active in Showa period Japan. He was one of the closest disciples of Masaoka Shiki. His real name was Takahama Kiyoshi.
| Contents |
| Early life |
| Literary career |
| See also |
| External links |
Early life
Takahama was born in what is now Matsuyama city, Ehime prefecture; his father, Ikeuchi Masatada, was a former ''samurai.'' At the age of nine he inherited from his grandmother's family, and took her surname of Takahama. He made an acquaintance with Masaoka Shiki via a classmate (Kawahigashi Hekigoto), and it was Masaoka Shiki who gave him the pen-name of ''Kyoshi''.
Ignoring Masaoka's advice, he quit school in 1894, and went to Tokyo to study Edo period Japanese literature. In 1895, he enrolled in the ''Tokyo Senmon Gakko'' (present-day Waseda University), but soon left the university for a job as an editor and literary critic for the literary magazine ''Nihonjin''. While working, he also submitted variants on ''haiku'' poetry, experimenting with irregular numbers of syllables. He married in 1897.
Literary career
In 1898, Takahama came to manage the ''haiku'' magazine ''Hototogisu,'' which had been previously edited by Masaoka Shiki, and moved the headquarters of the magazine from Matsuyama to Tokyo. In ''Hototogisu'', he kept with the traditional style of ''haiku'', as opposed to the new trend having been developed in the Hekigo school. Takahama attached importance to the symbolic function of the ''kigo'' (season word), and he tried to exclude the more modern trend towards season-less ''haiku'' completely. While editing ''Hototogisu'', he also expanded its scope to include ''waka poems'' and prose, so that it became a general literary magazine. This was where Natsume SÅseki's ''Wagahai wa Neko de aru'' ("I Am a Cat") was first published, and Takahama contributed his own verses and short stories. These stories were collected into an anthology ''Keito'' ("Cockscomb",1908), with a foreword by Natsume SÅseki, who described the contents as “leisurely talesâ€.
In 1908, Takahama began a full length novel, ''Haikaishi'' ("The Haiku Master"), which appeared in newspapers in serialized form. This was followed by ''Bonjin'' ("An Ordinary Person", 1909), and ''ChÅsen'' ("Korea", 1912).
After 1912, he renewed his interest in ''haiku'', and published a commentary on ''haiku'' composition, ''Susumubeki haiku no michi'' ("The Path Haiku Ought to Take", 1915-1917). However, he continued to write short stories, edit ''Hototogisu'', and wrote another novel, ''Futatsu Kaki'' ("Two Persimmons", 1915). In addition, he began to show an interest in traditional Noh theatre, writing some new plays himself.
Takahama wrote 40,000 to 50,000 ''haiku'' in his lifetime, which appeared in anthologies such as ''Kyoshi Kushu'' and ''Gohyaku Ku''. His major postwar novel was ''Niji'' ("Rainbow", 1947).
In 1954, he was awarded the Order of Culture by the Japanese government. As editor of ''Hototogisu'', Takahama was instrumental in bringing many new writers and poets into the literary world, including Mizuhara Shuoshi, Yamaguchi Seishi and Takano Suju. He also encouraged his second daughter Hoshino Tatsuko to publish her own ''haiku'' magazine, ''Tamamo''.
Takahama moved to Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture in 1910 for his children's health and a fresh start for himself, and lived there for nearly 50 years until his death. His grave is at the temple of Jufuku-ji in Kamakura. He was posthumously awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1st class, by the Japanese government.
See also
★ Japanese literature
★ List of Japanese authors
External links
★ Literary Figures of Kamakura
★ Ehime Prefectural Library Site
★ Takahama Kyoshi Memorial Museum in Ashiya
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