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(Redirected from The Day After Tomorrow (film))
'''The Day After Tomorrow''' is a 2004 apocalyptic science-fiction film that depicts catastrophic effects of global warming and boasts high-end special effects, bending the lines between science, reality, and science fiction. Worldwide, it is the 47th top grossing film of all time, with total revenue of US $542,771,772. It is the second highest grossing movie not to be #1 in the US box office (behind ''My Big Fat Greek Wedding''). It currently holds the record for biggest opening weekend gross for any movie not opening at #1 with $68.7 million. The movie was filmed mostly in Montreal, and, as of 2007, is the highest grossing Hollywood film in history to be filmed in Canada.
''The Day After Tomorrow'' premiered in Mexico City on May 17 2004 and was released worldwide from May 26 to May 28 except in South Korea and Japan where it was released June 4 and June 5, respectively. The film was originally planned for release in summer 2003.
'Taglines':
★ Where will you be?
The movie was inspired by ''The Coming Global Superstorm'',[1] a book co-authored by ''Coast to Coast AM'' talk radio host Art Bell and Whitley Strieber. Strieber also wrote the film's novelization.
Shortly before and during the release of the movie, members of environmental and political advocacy groups distributed pamphlets to moviegoers describing what they believe to be the possible effects of global warming.[2] Although the film depicts some effects of global warming predicted by scientists, like rising sea levels, more destructive storms, and disruption of ocean currents and weather patterns, it depicts these events happening much more rapidly and severely than is considered scientifically plausible, and the theory that a "superstorm" will create rapid worldwide climate change does not appear in the scientific literature. When the film was playing in theaters, much criticism was directed at politicians concerning the Kyoto Protocol and climate change. The film's scientific adviser was Dr Michael Molitor, a leading climate change consultant who worked as a negotiator on the Kyoto Protocol.[3][4]
Global warming causes large areas of the Greenland and Antarctic ice shelves to break off and melt, diluting the Atlantic Ocean with large amounts of fresh water. This disrupts the ocean's thermohaline circulation and slows the Gulf Stream, causing a rapid cooling of the northern hemisphere. This triggers a series of anomalies and extreme weather events, eventually leading up to a massive "global superstorm" system consisting of three gigantic hurricane-like superstorms, which result in an ice age for the northern hemisphere within days. One hurricane-like storm is over Canada, one over Scotland, and a third over Siberia. The movie follows Jack, a paleoclimatologist for NOAA; his son Sam, a high school student; and his wife Lucy, a doctor.
The film portrays the eye of the superstorms as having such a low pressure that extremely cold air (−150 °F or −101 °C) from the upper troposphere is sucked downward, instantly freezing all who are caught in the eye. A woman in NOAA argues that the freezing air would warm up and rise, such as in regular storms, but Jack states that the air is dropping too fast. The storm is headed to New York, where Sam is trapped, and which Jack is trying to reach with Arctic gear and his survival skills.
Throughout the movie, a subplot involves the refusal of the Vice President of the United States to accept the threat of global warming—despite increasingly extreme weather conditions occurring throughout the world—insisting that measures to prevent it will do too much damage to the economy.
The story follows Jack Hall, a paleoclimatologist. The movie opens with Jack in Antarctica with two colleagues, Frank and Jason, drilling for ice core samples on the Larsen Ice Shelf for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The ice shelf cracks and breaks off from the rest of the continent, nearly killing Jack who almost falls into the crevasse while saving the ice cores. The concentration of greenhouse gases contained in the cores is used in a presentation he makes to a United Nations conference held in New Delhi, India on global warming. The idea, however, resonates with Dr. Terry Rapson of the Hedland Climate Research Center in Scotland.
Shortly after Dr. Rapson arrives back in Scotland from the conference, two buoys in the North Atlantic simultaneously show a large drop in water temperature. Rapson concludes that the melting of the polar ice has begun to disrupt the North Atlantic current and calls Jack to see if his paleoclimatological weather model could be used to predict what will happen. Jack is surprised at what Dr. Rapson is saying because he predicted that the events would not happen in his lifetime, but in a hundred or a thousand years.
The remainder of the story concerns itself with the proof of Hall's theory and the beginning of a new ice age, one that is short but still devastating, resulting in millions of deaths. Survivors are forced to flee to the Southern and Southwestern United States and Mexico, where strained relations between the two nations lead to refugee problems.
Dr. Hall decides to make the dangerous journey to Manhattan to find his son, Sam, who becomes stranded when one of the Arctic storms settles over that area. Sam is trapped with several survivors in a branch of the New York City public library. Along the route, Dr. Hall and his assistants must endure the deadly storm.
Inside the library, Sam Hall and the other survivors use advice Sam got from his father to outlast the cold. At one point, Sam and his two friends, Brian and J.D., are forced to leave the library and enter a nearby ship when a companion, Laura, starts to suffer from blood poisoning because of a cut on her leg. They narrowly avoid being killed by wolves that escaped from the New York Zoo, and manage to reach the library safely with the medicine.
At the end of the movie, Jack manages to find the library and signal for help. He, Sam, and everyone inside the library are rescued in a helicopter. As they leave, they see other people leaving buildings, indicating that there were other survivors of the storm.
The film has been strongly criticized by scientists for its premise being physically impossible and "absurd."[5] There is little meteorological or climatological science in the actual events of the movie. Critics of the science shown in the film have asserted that global warming is unlikely to bring about a sudden onslaught of natural disasters, but is rather a gradual trend in the average climate. In the film, the disasters are entertainingly sudden and cataclysmic. Criticisms of the science portrayed in the movie include:[6]
★ The initial idea that an increase in freshwater could cause a shutdown of thermoelastic circulation slowdown or stop of the thermohaline circulation has some probability, but it is impossible for the change to occur as rapidly as shown in the movie.
★ The plot-feasibility condition that descending tropospheric air would be cold, because it was descending too fast to warm up, is physically impossible. The potential temperature of tropospheric air is higher, not lower, than the temperature of surface air. Rarefied air would be compressed as it descended, producing a temperature ''higher'' than that of sea-level air.[7]
★ The freezing temperature for the kerosene fuel used in most commercial and military jet engines, such as the RAF helicopters, is between -40 to -52.6 °F ( -40 to -47 °C) and not at the -151 °F Prof. Rapson informs Jack is the freezing temperature ("We had to look it up!" Rapson tells Jack). Yet jet engines are routinely flown at 30,000 ft (9144m), the ''upper'' part of the troposphere whence the supercold air is supposed to be descending across the northern hemisphere.[8]
★ The temperature required the scene where helicopters froze solid in mid air would be far too low for snow to occur. Below about −40 °C the moisture capacity of air is so low that snow is very unlikely. The temperature in this scene would need to be much colder than −40 °C.[9]
★ In order for the sea ice to reach the level it does on the Statue of Liberty (approximately 215 ft or 65.6 m), 75% of Antarctica's ice would have to melt, which would take more than 2.5 years - only if ''all'' the solar radiation received by the Earth were concentrated on Antarctica. [10]
The movie generated mixed reviews from both the science and entertainment communities.
★ The online entertainment guide Rotten Tomatoes has rated the movie at 46%, with an average rating of 5.3/10.[11]
★ Environmental activist and ''Guardian'' columnist George Monbiot called ''The Day After Tomorrow'' "a great movie and lousy science." [12]
★ A ''USA Today'' editorial by Patrick J. Michaels, a Research Professor of Environmental Sciences at the University of Virginia, Michaels called the movie "propaganda", noting, "As a scientist, I bristle when lies dressed up as 'science' are used to influence political discourse."[13]
★ It was first released on DVD in the USA on October 12 2004 in both widescreen and fullscreen versions.
★ A 2-disc "collector's edition" containing production featurettes, two documentaries: a "behind-the-scenes" and another called "The Forces of Destiny", as well as storyboards and concept sketches were also included. It was released on May 24 2005.
★ One deleted scene included two surfers in Kona, Hawaii, who are killed by a canoe rigging thrown at their SUV by Typhoon Noelani.
★ Another deleted scene revealed that the Japanese man killed in the hailstorm was talking on a cell phone to the rude businessman (the same one who later dies on the bus when the giant wave hits New York City) about a failing insider trading scheme. Instead, in the final cut of the film, he is shown talking to a woman.
★ Another deleted scene showed Sam, Laura and Brian at Jack's house, preparing for the decathlon a few days before they depart to New York. Sam's bitterness towards his father is clearly shown when he is seen deliberately overwatering one of his plants.
★ When Sam, Laura, and Brian are at J.D.'s apartment in New York, they are watching the local FOX station on the television. The logo in the bottom-right identifies the station as WTTG-DC, the FOX O&O south in Washington, D.C. The FOX station for New York is WNYW-TV. Also, the Los Angeles FOX O&O KTTV is mentioned more than once in the movie as well in near-disastrous results such as a truck being thrown at the TV truck while on the 105 Freeway near LAX due to the force of the winds of the tornado.
★ In the party scene at the school in New York, Sam's name tag reads "Hello, my name is Yoda".
★ Manchester United is mentioned a few times. There's even a shot of a Man Utd match in the UEFA Champions League showing Ruud van Nistelrooy scoring a goal. The match commentary states that the match is against Celtic FC in Glasgow. At that time Manchester United had never played Celtic in the Champions League at all, and subsequently lost their only match in Glasgow 1-0 when they did, also the opposition are clearly wearing blue, a colour Celtic have never worn, and the colours of their great rivals Rangers FC. The game being showed was actually from Manchester United's pre-season tour friendly against Argentine side Boca Juniors. Interestingly enough, Manchester United actually played Celtic on the same tour.
★ There is one scene in which Jack Hall is wondering whether or not humans will survive a second ice age. His friend, Jason Evans (Dash Mihok), says "You were there for the first one," which is a reference to Dennis Quaid's role in ''Caveman''. Interestingly, Mihok plays one of the GEICO Cavemen.[14]
★ The news footage of "a plane that was brought down in the hurricane" was actual news footage of Avianca Flight 52, which crashed in Long Island, New York on January 25, 1990.
★ The post-storm New York City segment includes several shots of a partly-buried, ice-covered Statue of Liberty, which evoke similar post-apocalyptic scenes from the conclusion of ''Planet of the Apes''.
★ A Burger King sign and a Wendy's sign are partially visible near the end of movie when Jack is in New York, moments before the super cell begins to freeze the city.
★ Two of the reporters in L.A. during the tornadoes are named Bart and Lisa, an obvious reference to The Simpsons.
The animated show ''South Park'' has parodied this movie at least three times, in "Two Days Before the Day After Tomorrow," "Die Hippie, Die" and "Lice Capades."
★ ''State of Fear'', a 2004 novel by Michael Crichton.
★ ''Fifty Degrees Below'', a Kim Stanley Robinson novel in which greenhouse warming similarly disrupts the Gulf Stream; the rate of cooling is somewhat less exaggerated.
★ ''Superstorm'', a 2007 miniseries.
1. The New York Academy of Sciences [1]
2. MSNBC: Scientists warm up to 'Day after Tomorrow [2]
3. TheAge: Here comes the tsunami [3]
4. Greenpeace.org.uk: The day after tomorrow: who will you blame? [4]
5. [5]
6. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[6]
7. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[7]
8. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[8]
9. http://www.theweatherprediction.com/habyhints/222/
10. http://www.intuitor.com/moviephysics/dayAft.htm
11. Rotten Tomatoes: The Day after Tomorrow (2004). [9]
12. The Guardian:A hard rain's a-gonna fall[10]
13. USA Today: 'Day After Tomorrow': A lot of hot air [11]
14. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0981216/
★ Official Site
★
★
★ USA today review
★ CoolJunkie review
★ Bad Physics Review
★ Yahoo! Movies: The Day After Tomorrow (2004) - Movie Info
'''The Day After Tomorrow''' is a 2004 apocalyptic science-fiction film that depicts catastrophic effects of global warming and boasts high-end special effects, bending the lines between science, reality, and science fiction. Worldwide, it is the 47th top grossing film of all time, with total revenue of US $542,771,772. It is the second highest grossing movie not to be #1 in the US box office (behind ''My Big Fat Greek Wedding''). It currently holds the record for biggest opening weekend gross for any movie not opening at #1 with $68.7 million. The movie was filmed mostly in Montreal, and, as of 2007, is the highest grossing Hollywood film in history to be filmed in Canada.
''The Day After Tomorrow'' premiered in Mexico City on May 17 2004 and was released worldwide from May 26 to May 28 except in South Korea and Japan where it was released June 4 and June 5, respectively. The film was originally planned for release in summer 2003.
'Taglines':
★ Where will you be?
| Contents |
| Background |
| Synopsis |
| Plot |
| Science portrayed in the movie |
| Reception |
| DVD Details |
| Releases |
| Deleted scenes |
| References to real life and popular culture |
| Parodies |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Background
The movie was inspired by ''The Coming Global Superstorm'',[1] a book co-authored by ''Coast to Coast AM'' talk radio host Art Bell and Whitley Strieber. Strieber also wrote the film's novelization.
Shortly before and during the release of the movie, members of environmental and political advocacy groups distributed pamphlets to moviegoers describing what they believe to be the possible effects of global warming.[2] Although the film depicts some effects of global warming predicted by scientists, like rising sea levels, more destructive storms, and disruption of ocean currents and weather patterns, it depicts these events happening much more rapidly and severely than is considered scientifically plausible, and the theory that a "superstorm" will create rapid worldwide climate change does not appear in the scientific literature. When the film was playing in theaters, much criticism was directed at politicians concerning the Kyoto Protocol and climate change. The film's scientific adviser was Dr Michael Molitor, a leading climate change consultant who worked as a negotiator on the Kyoto Protocol.[3][4]
Synopsis
Global warming causes large areas of the Greenland and Antarctic ice shelves to break off and melt, diluting the Atlantic Ocean with large amounts of fresh water. This disrupts the ocean's thermohaline circulation and slows the Gulf Stream, causing a rapid cooling of the northern hemisphere. This triggers a series of anomalies and extreme weather events, eventually leading up to a massive "global superstorm" system consisting of three gigantic hurricane-like superstorms, which result in an ice age for the northern hemisphere within days. One hurricane-like storm is over Canada, one over Scotland, and a third over Siberia. The movie follows Jack, a paleoclimatologist for NOAA; his son Sam, a high school student; and his wife Lucy, a doctor.
The film portrays the eye of the superstorms as having such a low pressure that extremely cold air (−150 °F or −101 °C) from the upper troposphere is sucked downward, instantly freezing all who are caught in the eye. A woman in NOAA argues that the freezing air would warm up and rise, such as in regular storms, but Jack states that the air is dropping too fast. The storm is headed to New York, where Sam is trapped, and which Jack is trying to reach with Arctic gear and his survival skills.
Throughout the movie, a subplot involves the refusal of the Vice President of the United States to accept the threat of global warming—despite increasingly extreme weather conditions occurring throughout the world—insisting that measures to prevent it will do too much damage to the economy.
Plot
Jack giving his presentation to a conference on global warming in New Delhi, India.
The story follows Jack Hall, a paleoclimatologist. The movie opens with Jack in Antarctica with two colleagues, Frank and Jason, drilling for ice core samples on the Larsen Ice Shelf for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The ice shelf cracks and breaks off from the rest of the continent, nearly killing Jack who almost falls into the crevasse while saving the ice cores. The concentration of greenhouse gases contained in the cores is used in a presentation he makes to a United Nations conference held in New Delhi, India on global warming. The idea, however, resonates with Dr. Terry Rapson of the Hedland Climate Research Center in Scotland.
Shortly after Dr. Rapson arrives back in Scotland from the conference, two buoys in the North Atlantic simultaneously show a large drop in water temperature. Rapson concludes that the melting of the polar ice has begun to disrupt the North Atlantic current and calls Jack to see if his paleoclimatological weather model could be used to predict what will happen. Jack is surprised at what Dr. Rapson is saying because he predicted that the events would not happen in his lifetime, but in a hundred or a thousand years.
Sam Hall, Laura Chapman, Brian Parks, & J.D. in waist-high water in Manhattan on their way to the New York Public Library.
The remainder of the story concerns itself with the proof of Hall's theory and the beginning of a new ice age, one that is short but still devastating, resulting in millions of deaths. Survivors are forced to flee to the Southern and Southwestern United States and Mexico, where strained relations between the two nations lead to refugee problems.
Dr. Hall decides to make the dangerous journey to Manhattan to find his son, Sam, who becomes stranded when one of the Arctic storms settles over that area. Sam is trapped with several survivors in a branch of the New York City public library. Along the route, Dr. Hall and his assistants must endure the deadly storm.
Inside the library, Sam Hall and the other survivors use advice Sam got from his father to outlast the cold. At one point, Sam and his two friends, Brian and J.D., are forced to leave the library and enter a nearby ship when a companion, Laura, starts to suffer from blood poisoning because of a cut on her leg. They narrowly avoid being killed by wolves that escaped from the New York Zoo, and manage to reach the library safely with the medicine.
At the end of the movie, Jack manages to find the library and signal for help. He, Sam, and everyone inside the library are rescued in a helicopter. As they leave, they see other people leaving buildings, indicating that there were other survivors of the storm.
Science portrayed in the movie
The film has been strongly criticized by scientists for its premise being physically impossible and "absurd."[5] There is little meteorological or climatological science in the actual events of the movie. Critics of the science shown in the film have asserted that global warming is unlikely to bring about a sudden onslaught of natural disasters, but is rather a gradual trend in the average climate. In the film, the disasters are entertainingly sudden and cataclysmic. Criticisms of the science portrayed in the movie include:[6]
★ The initial idea that an increase in freshwater could cause a shutdown of thermoelastic circulation slowdown or stop of the thermohaline circulation has some probability, but it is impossible for the change to occur as rapidly as shown in the movie.
★ The plot-feasibility condition that descending tropospheric air would be cold, because it was descending too fast to warm up, is physically impossible. The potential temperature of tropospheric air is higher, not lower, than the temperature of surface air. Rarefied air would be compressed as it descended, producing a temperature ''higher'' than that of sea-level air.[7]
★ The freezing temperature for the kerosene fuel used in most commercial and military jet engines, such as the RAF helicopters, is between -40 to -52.6 °F ( -40 to -47 °C) and not at the -151 °F Prof. Rapson informs Jack is the freezing temperature ("We had to look it up!" Rapson tells Jack). Yet jet engines are routinely flown at 30,000 ft (9144m), the ''upper'' part of the troposphere whence the supercold air is supposed to be descending across the northern hemisphere.[8]
★ The temperature required the scene where helicopters froze solid in mid air would be far too low for snow to occur. Below about −40 °C the moisture capacity of air is so low that snow is very unlikely. The temperature in this scene would need to be much colder than −40 °C.[9]
★ In order for the sea ice to reach the level it does on the Statue of Liberty (approximately 215 ft or 65.6 m), 75% of Antarctica's ice would have to melt, which would take more than 2.5 years - only if ''all'' the solar radiation received by the Earth were concentrated on Antarctica. [10]
Reception
The movie generated mixed reviews from both the science and entertainment communities.
★ The online entertainment guide Rotten Tomatoes has rated the movie at 46%, with an average rating of 5.3/10.[11]
★ Environmental activist and ''Guardian'' columnist George Monbiot called ''The Day After Tomorrow'' "a great movie and lousy science." [12]
★ A ''USA Today'' editorial by Patrick J. Michaels, a Research Professor of Environmental Sciences at the University of Virginia, Michaels called the movie "propaganda", noting, "As a scientist, I bristle when lies dressed up as 'science' are used to influence political discourse."[13]
DVD Details
Releases
★ It was first released on DVD in the USA on October 12 2004 in both widescreen and fullscreen versions.
★ A 2-disc "collector's edition" containing production featurettes, two documentaries: a "behind-the-scenes" and another called "The Forces of Destiny", as well as storyboards and concept sketches were also included. It was released on May 24 2005.
Deleted scenes
★ One deleted scene included two surfers in Kona, Hawaii, who are killed by a canoe rigging thrown at their SUV by Typhoon Noelani.
★ Another deleted scene revealed that the Japanese man killed in the hailstorm was talking on a cell phone to the rude businessman (the same one who later dies on the bus when the giant wave hits New York City) about a failing insider trading scheme. Instead, in the final cut of the film, he is shown talking to a woman.
★ Another deleted scene showed Sam, Laura and Brian at Jack's house, preparing for the decathlon a few days before they depart to New York. Sam's bitterness towards his father is clearly shown when he is seen deliberately overwatering one of his plants.
References to real life and popular culture
★ When Sam, Laura, and Brian are at J.D.'s apartment in New York, they are watching the local FOX station on the television. The logo in the bottom-right identifies the station as WTTG-DC, the FOX O&O south in Washington, D.C. The FOX station for New York is WNYW-TV. Also, the Los Angeles FOX O&O KTTV is mentioned more than once in the movie as well in near-disastrous results such as a truck being thrown at the TV truck while on the 105 Freeway near LAX due to the force of the winds of the tornado.
★ In the party scene at the school in New York, Sam's name tag reads "Hello, my name is Yoda".
★ Manchester United is mentioned a few times. There's even a shot of a Man Utd match in the UEFA Champions League showing Ruud van Nistelrooy scoring a goal. The match commentary states that the match is against Celtic FC in Glasgow. At that time Manchester United had never played Celtic in the Champions League at all, and subsequently lost their only match in Glasgow 1-0 when they did, also the opposition are clearly wearing blue, a colour Celtic have never worn, and the colours of their great rivals Rangers FC. The game being showed was actually from Manchester United's pre-season tour friendly against Argentine side Boca Juniors. Interestingly enough, Manchester United actually played Celtic on the same tour.
★ There is one scene in which Jack Hall is wondering whether or not humans will survive a second ice age. His friend, Jason Evans (Dash Mihok), says "You were there for the first one," which is a reference to Dennis Quaid's role in ''Caveman''. Interestingly, Mihok plays one of the GEICO Cavemen.[14]
★ The news footage of "a plane that was brought down in the hurricane" was actual news footage of Avianca Flight 52, which crashed in Long Island, New York on January 25, 1990.
★ The post-storm New York City segment includes several shots of a partly-buried, ice-covered Statue of Liberty, which evoke similar post-apocalyptic scenes from the conclusion of ''Planet of the Apes''.
★ A Burger King sign and a Wendy's sign are partially visible near the end of movie when Jack is in New York, moments before the super cell begins to freeze the city.
★ Two of the reporters in L.A. during the tornadoes are named Bart and Lisa, an obvious reference to The Simpsons.
Parodies
The animated show ''South Park'' has parodied this movie at least three times, in "Two Days Before the Day After Tomorrow," "Die Hippie, Die" and "Lice Capades."
See also
★ ''State of Fear'', a 2004 novel by Michael Crichton.
★ ''Fifty Degrees Below'', a Kim Stanley Robinson novel in which greenhouse warming similarly disrupts the Gulf Stream; the rate of cooling is somewhat less exaggerated.
★ ''Superstorm'', a 2007 miniseries.
References
1. The New York Academy of Sciences [1]
2. MSNBC: Scientists warm up to 'Day after Tomorrow [2]
3. TheAge: Here comes the tsunami [3]
4. Greenpeace.org.uk: The day after tomorrow: who will you blame? [4]
5. [5]
6. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[6]
7. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[7]
8. Movie Physics: ''The Day After Tomorrow''[8]
9. http://www.theweatherprediction.com/habyhints/222/
10. http://www.intuitor.com/moviephysics/dayAft.htm
11. Rotten Tomatoes: The Day after Tomorrow (2004). [9]
12. The Guardian:A hard rain's a-gonna fall[10]
13. USA Today: 'Day After Tomorrow': A lot of hot air [11]
14. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0981216/
External links
★ Official Site
★
★
★ USA today review
★ CoolJunkie review
★ Bad Physics Review
★ Yahoo! Movies: The Day After Tomorrow (2004) - Movie Info
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