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Español34TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS
(Redirected from Thirty-fourth United States Congress)
The 'Thirty-fourth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1855 to March 3 1857, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had an anti-Democratic, coalition majority.
March 4 1855 - March 3 1857
★ First session: December 3 1855 - August 18 1856
★ Second session: August 21 1856 - August 30 1856
★ Third session: December 1 1856 - March 3 1857 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: ''33rd Congress''
Next congress: ''35th Congress''
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
During the time of the elections for the Thirty-Fourth Congress opponents to the Democrats used the Whig party label inconsistently and not all in some states. Hence in this Congress, and in accordance with the practice of the Senate and House, representatives not associated with the Democratic Party or the American Party are labeled as “Opposition.”
The three parties that rivaled the Democrats joined a coalition government.
:'Senate'
★ Vice President of the United States ''(President of the Senate)'':
★
★ vacant
★ President ''pro tempore'' of the Senate:
★
★ Jesse D. Bright, ''Democrat'' of Indiana, elected December 3 1855
★
★ Charles E. Stuart, ''Democrat'' of Michigan, elected June 9 1856
★
★ James M. Mason, ''Democrat'' of Virginia, elected June 11 1856
:'House of Representatives'
★ Speaker of the House
★
★ Nathaniel P. Banks, ''American'' of Massachusetts, elected February 2 1856
:''Main article: Events of 1855; Events of 1856; Events of 1857''
:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 34th Congress
★ August 18 1856 - Guano Islands Act, ch. 164,
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 34th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 34th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1854''
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
:''See also:
:''See also:
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
1. The parties that opposed the Democrats joined a coalition government, and were the majority.
2. Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,
★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,
★ Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
★ Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History
★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
United States Capitol (1846)
The 'Thirty-fourth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1855 to March 3 1857, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had an anti-Democratic, coalition majority.
| Contents |
| Dates of sessions |
| Party summary |
| Leadership |
| Major events |
| Major legislation |
| Members |
| Senate |
| House of Representatives |
| Delegates |
| Changes in membership |
| Officers |
| Notes |
| References |
| External links |
Dates of sessions
March 4 1855 - March 3 1857
★ First session: December 3 1855 - August 18 1856
★ Second session: August 21 1856 - August 30 1856
★ Third session: December 1 1856 - March 3 1857 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: ''33rd Congress''
Next congress: ''35th Congress''
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
During the time of the elections for the Thirty-Fourth Congress opponents to the Democrats used the Whig party label inconsistently and not all in some states. Hence in this Congress, and in accordance with the practice of the Senate and House, representatives not associated with the Democratic Party or the American Party are labeled as “Opposition.”
| :'Senate' ★ Democratic '' (D) '': 39 ''(majority)'' ★ Opposition '' (O) '': 22 ★ American '' (A) '': 1'TOTAL members: 62' | :'House of Representatives' ★ Democratic '' (D) '': 84 ★ Opposition '' (O) '': 100 ''(majority)'' [1] ★ American '' (A) '': 51 ''(majority)'' 'TOTAL members: 234' |
The three parties that rivaled the Democrats joined a coalition government.
Leadership
:'Senate'
★ Vice President of the United States ''(President of the Senate)'':
★
★ vacant
★ President ''pro tempore'' of the Senate:
★
★ Jesse D. Bright, ''Democrat'' of Indiana, elected December 3 1855
★
★ Charles E. Stuart, ''Democrat'' of Michigan, elected June 9 1856
★
★ James M. Mason, ''Democrat'' of Virginia, elected June 11 1856
:'House of Representatives'
★ Speaker of the House
★
★ Nathaniel P. Banks, ''American'' of Massachusetts, elected February 2 1856
Major events
:''Main article: Events of 1855; Events of 1856; Events of 1857''
Major legislation
:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 34th Congress
★ August 18 1856 - Guano Islands Act, ch. 164,
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 34th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 34th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1854''
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.
:''See also:
:''See also:
| :'Alabama' ★ 2: Clement C. Clay, Jr. ''(D)'' ★ 3: Benjamin Fitzpatrick ''(D)'' :'Arkansas' ★ 2: William K. Sebastian ''(D)'' ★ 3: Robert W. Johnson ''(D)'' :'California' ★ 1: John B. Weller ''(D)'' ★ 3: William M. Gwin ''(D)'' :'Connecticut' ★ 1: Isaac Toucey ''(D)'' ★ 3: La Fayette S. Foster ''(O)'' :'Delaware' ★ 1: James A. Bayard, Jr. ''(D)'' ★ 2: John M. Clayton ''(O)'' ★ : Joseph P. Comegys ''(O)'' ★ : Martin W. Bates ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ 1: Stephen R. Mallory ''(D)'' ★ 3: David Levy Yulee ''(D)'' :'Georgia' ★ 2: Robert A. Toombs ''(D)'' ★ 3: Alfred Iverson, Sr. ''(D)'' :'Illinois' ★ 2: Stephen A. Douglas ''(D)'' ★ 3: Lyman Trumbull ''(D)'' :'Indiana' ★ 1: Jesse D. Bright ''(D)'' ★ 3: Graham N. Fitch ''(D)'' :'Iowa' ★ 2: George W. Jones ''(D)'' ★ 3: James Harlan ''(O)'' | :'Kentucky' ★ 2: John B. Thompson ''(O)'' ★ 3: John J. Crittenden ''(O)'' :'Louisiana' ★ 2: Judah P. Benjamin ''(O)'' ★ 3: John Slidell ''(D)'' :'Maine' ★ 1: Hannibal Hamlin ''(D)'' ★ : Amos Nourse ''(R)'' ★ 2: William Pitt Fessenden ''(O)'' :'Maryland' ★ 3: James A. Pearce ''(O)'' ★ 1: Thomas G. Pratt ''(O)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ 1: Charles Sumner ''(O)'' ★ 2: Henry Wilson ''(O)'' :'Michigan' ★ 1: Lewis Cass ''(D)'' ★ 2: Charles E. Stuart ''(D)'' :'Mississippi' ★ 1: Stephen Adams ''(D)'' ★ 2: Albert G. Brown ''(D)'' :'Missouri' ★ 1: Henry S. Geyer ''(O)'' ★ 3: James S. Green ''(D)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ 2: John P. Hale ''(O)'' ★ 3: James Bell ''(O)'' :'New Jersey' ★ 1: John R. Thomson ''(D)'' ★ 2: William Wright ''(D)'' | :'New York' ★ 3: William H. Seward ''(O)'' ★ 1: Hamilton Fish ''(O)'' :'North Carolina' ★ 2: David S. Reid ''(D)'' ★ 3: Asa Biggs ''(D)'' :'Ohio' ★ 1: Benjamin F. Wade ''(O)'' ★ 3: George E. Pugh ''(D)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ 1: Richard Brodhead ''(D)'' ★ 3: William Bigler ''(D)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ 1: Charles T. James ''(D)'' ★ 2: Philip Allen ''(D)'' :'South Carolina' ★ 3: Andrew P. Butler ''(D)'' ★ 2: Josiah J. Evans ''(D)'' :'Tennessee' ★ 2: John Bell ''(O)'' ★ 1: James C. Jones ''(O)'' :'Texas' ★ 2: Samuel Houston ''(A)'' ★ 1: Thomas J. Rusk ''(D)'' :'Vermont' ★ 1: Solomon Foot ''(O)'' ★ 3: Jacob Collamer ''(O)'' :'Virginia' ★ 1: James M. Mason ''(D)'' ★ 2: Robert M. T. Hunter ''(D)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ 1: Henry Dodge ''(D)'' ★ 3: Charles Durkee ''(O)'' |   President ''pro tempore'' James M. Mason |
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| :'Senate' ★ replacements: 2 ★ ★ Democrats '' (D) '': no net change ★ ★ Opposition '' (O) '': 2 seat net loss ★ ★ Republicans '' (R) '': 1 seat net gain ★ ★ Americans '' (A) '': 1 seat net gain ★ deaths: 1 ★ resignations: 1 ★ interim appointments: 1 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 10' | :'House of Representatives' ★ replacements: 6 ★ ★ Democrats '' (D) '': 2 seat net loss ★ ★ Opposition '' (O) '': 3 seat net gain ★ ★ Free Soilers '' (FS) '': 1 seat net loss ★ deaths: 4 ★ resignations: 5 ★ contested election: 1 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 10' |
Officers
Notes
1. The parties that opposed the Democrats joined a coalition government, and were the majority.
2. Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
References
★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,
★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,
External links
★ Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
★ Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History
★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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