39TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS

(Redirected from Thirty-ninth United States Congress)

The 'Thirty-ninth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1865 to March 3 1867, during the second administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, and the first two years of the administration of his successor, U.S. President Andrew Johnson.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Contents

Dates of sessions

Party summary

Leadership

Party Leadership

Major events

Major legislation

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Delegates

Changes in membership

Officers

References

External links

Dates of sessions

March 4 1865 - March 3 1867

★ Special session of the Senate: March 4 1865 – March 11 1865

★ First session: December 4 1865 - July 28 1866

★ Second session: December 3 1866 - March 3 1867 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 38th Congress

Next congress: 40th Congress

Party summary

Nebraska was newly admitted to the Union and first represented as states in this Congress. Tennessee was readmitted to representation.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

:'Senate' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 11 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 39 ''(majority)'' ★ Unionist ''(U)'': 1 ★ Unconditional Unionist ''(UU)'': 3'TOTAL members: 54'

:'House of Representatives' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 38 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 136 ''(majority)'' ★ Independent Republican ''(IR)'': 1 ''(majority)'' ★ Unionist ''(U)'': 5 ★ Unconditional Unionist ''(UU)'': 13'TOTAL members: 193'

Leadership

:'Senate'

★ Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):

★
★ Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, succeeded to the U.S. Presidency April 15 1865, vacant thereafter.

★ President pro tempore of the Senate:

★
★ Lafayette S. Foster, ''Republican'' of Connecticut, elected May 7 1865.

★
★ Benjamin F. Wade, ''Republican'' of Ohio, elected March 2 1867.
:'House of Representatives'

★ Speaker of the House

★
★ Schuyler Colfax, ''Republican'' of Indiana, reelected December 4 1865.

Party Leadership

:'House of Representatives'

★ Republican Conference Chairman:

★
★ Justin S. Morrill of Vermont

Major events

:''Main article: Events of 1865; Events of 1866; Events of 1867''

★ April 15 1865 Andrew Johnson became President of the United States

Major legislation

:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 39th Congress

★ March 1 1867 Nebraska was admitted as a state into the Union.

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 39th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 39th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1864''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.
:''See also:
:''See also:

:'Alabama' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Arkansas' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'California' ★ 3: James A. McDougall ''(D)'' ★ 1: John Conness ''(R)'' :'Connecticut' ★ 3: La Fayette S. Foster ''(R)'' ★ 1: James Dixon ''(R)'' :'Delaware' ★ 2: Willard Saulsbury, Sr. ''(D)'' ★ 1: George Read Riddle ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ 1: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Georgia' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Illinois' ★ 3: Lyman Trumbull ''(R)'' ★ 2: Richard Yates ''(R)'' :'Indiana' ★ 3: Henry S. Lane ''(R)'' ★ 1: Thomas A. Hendricks ''(D)'' :'Iowa' ★ 3: James Harlan ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel J. Kirkwood ''(R)'' ★ 2: James W. Grimes ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ 3: Samuel C. Pomeroy ''(R)'' ★ 2: James H. Lane ''(R)'' ★ : Edmund G. Ross ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ 3: Garrett Davis ''(D)'' ★ 2: James Guthrie ''(D)''

:'Louisiana' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Maine' ★ 1: Lot M. Morrill ''(R)'' ★ 2: William Pitt Fessenden ''(R)'' :'Maryland' ★ 1: Reverdy Johnson ''(D)'' ★ 3: John A. J. Creswell ''(UU)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ 1: Charles Sumner ''(R)'' ★ 2: Henry Wilson ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ 1: Zachariah Chandler ''(R)'' ★ 2: Jacob M. Howard ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ 1: Alexander Ramsey ''(R)'' ★ 2: Daniel S. Norton ''(R)'' :'Mississippi' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Missouri' ★ 1: John B. Henderson ''(R)'' ★ 3: B. Gratz Brown ''(R)'' :'Nebraska' ★ 2: John M. Thayer ''(R)'' ★ 1: Thomas W. Tipton ''(R)'' :'Nevada' ★ 1: William M. Stewart ''(R)'' ★ 3: James W. Nye ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ 3: Daniel Clark ''(R)'' ★ : George G. Fogg ''(R)'' ★ 2: Aaron H. Cragin ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ 1: William Wright ''(D)'' ★ : Frederick T. Frelinghuysen ''(R)'' ★ 2: John P. Stockton ''(D)'' ★ : Alexander G. Cattell ''(R)''

:'New York' ★ 3: Ira Harris ''(R)'' ★ 1: Edwin D. Morgan ''(R)'' :'North Carolina' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Ohio' ★ 1: Benjamin F. Wade ''(R)'' ★ 3: John Sherman ''(R)'' :'Oregon' ★ 3: James W. Nesmith ''(D)'' ★ 2: George H. Williams ''(R)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ 3: Edgar Cowan ''(R)'' ★ 1: Charles R. Buckalew ''(D)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ 2: Henry B. Anthony ''(R)'' ★ 1: William Sprague ''(R)'' :'South Carolina' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Tennessee' ★ 2: Joseph S. Fowler ''(UU)'' ★ 1: David T. Patterson ''(U)'' :'Texas' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Vermont' ★ 1: Solomon Foot ''(R)'' ★ : George F. Edmunds ''(R)'' ★ 3: Jacob Collamer ''(R)'' ★ : Luke P. Poland ''(R)'' :'Virginia' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'West Virginia' ★ 1: Peter G. Van Winkle ''(UU)'' ★ 2: Waitman T. Willey ''(R)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ 1: James R. Doolittle ''(R)'' ★ 3: Timothy O. Howe ''(R)''

President ''pro tempore'' Lafayette S. Foster President ''pro tempore'' Benjamin F. Wade

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:

:'Alabama' ★ all seats vacant :'Arkansas' ★ all seats vacant :'California' ★ : Donald C. McRuer ''(R)'' ★ : William Higby ''(R)'' ★ : John Bidwell ''(R)'' :'Connecticut' ★ : Henry C. Deming ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel L. Warner ''(R)'' ★ : Augustus Brandegee ''(R)'' ★ : John H. Hubbard ''(R)'' :'Delaware' ★ : John A. Nicholson ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ all seats vacant :'Georgia' ★ all seats vacant :'Illinois' ★ : John Wentworth ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Farnsworth ''(R)'' ★ : Elihu B. Washburne ''(R)'' ★ : Abner C. Harding ''(R)'' ★ : Ebon C. Ingersoll ''(R)'' ★ : Burton C. Cook ''(R)'' ★ : Henry P. H. Bromwell ''(R)'' ★ : Shelby M. Cullom ''(R)'' ★ : Lewis W. Ross ''(D)'' ★ : Anthony Thornton ''(D)'' ★ : Samuel S. Marshall ''(D)'' ★ : Jehu Baker ''(R)'' ★ : Andrew J. Kuykendall ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel W. Moulton ''(R)'' :'Indiana' ★ : William E. Niblack ''(D)'' ★ : Michael C. Kerr ''(D)'' ★ : Ralph Hill ''(R)'' ★ : John H. Farquhar ''(R)'' ★ : George W. Julian ''(R)'' ★ : Ebenezer Dumont ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel W. Voorhees ''(D)'' ★ : Henry D. Washburn ''(R)'' ★ : Godlove S. Orth ''(R)'' ★ : Schuyler Colfax ''(R)'' ★ : Joseph H. Defrees ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas N. Stilwell ''(R)'' :'Iowa' ★ : James F. Wilson ''(R)'' ★ : Hiram Price ''(R)'' ★ : William B. Allison ''(R)'' ★ : Josiah B. Grinnell ''(R)'' ★ : John A. Kasson ''(R)'' ★ : Asahel W. Hubbard ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ : Sidney Clarke ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ : Lawrence S. Trimble ''(D)'' ★ : Burwell C. Ritter ''(D)'' ★ : Henry Grider ''(D)'' ★ : Elijah Hise ''(D)'' ★ : Aaron Harding ''(D)'' ★ : Lovell H. Rousseau ''(UU)'' ★ : Green C. Smith ''(UU)'' ★ : Andrew H. Ward ''(D)'' ★ : George S. Shanklin ''(D)'' ★ : William H. Randall ''(UU)'' ★ : Samuel McKee ''(UU)'' :'Louisiana' ★ all seats vacant :'Maine' ★ : John Lynch ''(R)'' ★ : Sidney Perham ''(R)'' ★ : James G. Blaine ''(R)'' ★ : John H. Rice ''(R)'' ★ : Frederick A. Pike ''(R)'' :'Maryland' ★ : Hiram McCullough ''(D)'' ★ : Edwin H. Webster ''(UU)'' ★ : John L. Thomas, Jr. ''(UU)'' ★ : Charles E. Phelps ''(UU)'' ★ : Francis Thomas ''(UU)'' ★ : Benjamin G. Harris ''(D)''

:'Massachusetts' ★ : Thomas D. Eliot ''(R)'' ★ : Oakes Ames ''(R)'' ★ : Alexander H. Rice ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel Hooper ''(R)'' ★ : John B. Alley ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel W. Gooch ''(R)'' ★ : Nathaniel P. Banks ''(R)'' ★ : George S. Boutwell ''(R)'' ★ : John D. Baldwin ''(R)'' ★ : William B. Washburn ''(R)'' ★ : Henry L. Dawes ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ : Fernando C. Beaman ''(R)'' ★ : Charles Upson ''(R)'' ★ : John W. Longyear ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas W. Ferry ''(R)'' ★ : Rowland E. Trowbridge ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Driggs ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ : William Windom ''(R)'' ★ : Ignatius L. Donnelly ''(R)'' :'Missisippi' ★ all seats vacant :'Missouri' ★ : John Hogan ''(D)'' ★ : Henry T. Blow ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas E. Noell ''(R)'' ★ : John R. Kelso ''(IR)'' ★ : Joseph W. McClurg ''(R)'' ★ : Robert T. Van Horn ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin F. Loan ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Benjamin ''(R)'' ★ : George W. Anderson ''(R)'' :'Nebraska' ★ : Turner M. Marquette ''(R)'' :'Nevada' ★ : Delos R. Ashley ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ : Gilman Marston ''(R)'' ★ : Edward H. Rollins ''(R)'' ★ : James W. Patterson ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ : John F. Starr ''(R)'' ★ : William A. Newell ''(R)'' ★ : Charles Sitgreaves ''(D)'' ★ : Andrew J. Rogers ''(D)'' ★ : Edwin R. V. Wright ''(D)'' :'New York' ★ : Stephen Taber ''(D)'' ★ : Teunis G. Bergen ''(D)'' ★ : James Humphrey ''(R)'' ★ : John W. Hunter ''(D)'' ★ : Morgan Jones ''(D)'' ★ : Nelson Taylor ''(D)'' ★ : Henry J. Raymond ''(R)'' ★ : John W. Chanler ''(D)'' ★ : James Brooks ''(D)'' ★ : William E. Dodge ''(R)'' ★ : William A. Darling ''(R)'' ★ : William Radford ''(D)'' ★ : Charles H. Winfield ''(D)'' ★ : John H. Ketcham ''(R)'' ★ : Edwin N. Hubbell ''(D)'' ★ : Charles Goodyear ''(D)'' ★ : John A. Griswold ''(R)'' ★ : Orlando Kellogg ''(R)'' ★ : Robert S. Hale ''(R)'' ★ : Calvin T. Hulburd ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Marvin ''(R)'' ★ : Demas Hubbard, Jr. ''(R)'' ★ : Addison H. Laflin ''(R)'' ★ : Roscoe Conkling ''(R)'' ★ : Sidney T. Holmes ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas T. Davis ''(R)'' ★ : Theodore M. Pomeroy ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel Morris ''(R)'' ★ : Giles W. Hotchkiss ''(R)'' ★ : Hamilton Ward, Sr. ''(R)'' ★ : Roswell Hart ''(R)'' ★ : Burt Van Horn ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Humphrey ''(D)'' ★ : Henry H. Van Aernam ''(R)''

:'North Carolina' ★ all seats vacant :'Ohio' ★ : Benjamin Eggleston ''(R)'' ★ : Rutherford B. Hayes ''(R)'' ★ : Robert C. Schenck ''(R)'' ★ : William Lawrence ''(R)'' ★ : Francis C. Le Blond ''(D)'' ★ : Reader W. Clarke ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel Shellabarger ''(R)'' ★ : James R. Hubbell ''(R)'' ★ : Ralph P. Buckland ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Ashley ''(R)'' ★ : Hezekiah S. Bundy ''(R)'' ★ : William E. Finck ''(D)'' ★ : Columbus Delano ''(R)'' ★ : Martin Welker ''(R)'' ★ : Tobias A. Plants ''(R)'' ★ : John A. Bingham ''(R)'' ★ : Ephraim R. Eckley ''(R)'' ★ : Rufus P. Spalding ''(R)'' ★ : James A. Garfield ''(R)'' :'Oregon' ★ : James H. D. Henderson ''(R)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ : Samuel J. Randall ''(D)'' ★ : Charles O'Neill ''(R)'' ★ : Leonard Myers ''(R)'' ★ : William D. Kelley ''(R)'' ★ : M. Russell Thayer ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin M. Boyer ''(D)'' ★ : John M. Broomall ''(R)'' ★ : Sydenham E. Ancona ''(D)'' ★ : Thaddeus Stevens ''(R)'' ★ : Myer Strouse ''(D)'' ★ : Philip Johnson ''(D)'' ★ : Charles Denison ''(D)'' ★ : Ulysses Mercur ''(R)'' ★ : George F. Miller ''(R)'' ★ : Adam J. Glossbrenner ''(D)'' ★ : Alexander H. Coffroth ''(D)'' ★ : William H. Koontz ''(R)'' ★ : Abraham A. Barker ''(R)'' ★ : Stephen F. Wilson ''(R)'' ★ : Glenni W. Scofield ''(R)'' ★ : Charles V. Culver ''(R)'' ★ : John L. Dawson ''(D)'' ★ : James K. Moorhead ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas Williams ''(R)'' ★ : George V. Lawrence ''(R)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ : Thomas A. Jenckes ''(R)'' ★ : Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. ''(R)'' :'Tennessee' ★ : Nathaniel G. Taylor ''(U)'' ★ : Horace Maynard ''(UU)'' ★ : William B. Stokes ''(UU)'' ★ : Edmund Cooper ''(U)'' ★ : William B. Campbell ''(U)'' ★ : Samuel M. Arnell ''(UU)'' ★ : Isaac R. Hawkins ''(U)'' ★ : John W. Leftwich ''(U)'' :'South Carolina' ★ all seats vacant :'Tennessee' ★ all seats vacant :'Texas' ★ all seats vacant :'Vermont' ★ : Frederick E. Woodbridge ''(R)'' ★ : Justin S. Morrill ''(R)'' ★ : Portus Baxter ''(R)'' :'Virginia' ★ all seats vacant :'West Virginia' ★ : Chester D. Hubbard ''(UU)'' ★ : George R. Latham ''(UU)'' ★ : Kellian V. Whaley ''(UU)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ : Halbert E. Paine ''(R)'' ★ : Ithamar C. Sloan ''(R)'' ★ : Amasa Cobb ''(R)'' ★ : Charles A. Eldredge ''(D)'' ★ : Philetus Sawyer ''(R)'' ★ : Walter D. McIndoe ''(R)''

Speaker of the House Schuyler Colfax Delegates :'Arizona Territory' ★ : John N. Goodwin ''(R)'' :'Colorado Territory' ★ : Allen A. Bradford ''(R)'' :'Dakota Territory' ★ : Walter A. Burleigh ''(R)'' :'Idaho Territory' ★ : Edward D. Holbrook ''(D)'' :'Montana Territory' ★ : Samuel McLean ''(D)'' :'Nebraska Territory' ★ : Phineas W. Hitchcock ''(R)'' :'New Mexico Territory' ★ : J. Francisco Chaves ''(R)'' :'Utah Territory' ★ : William H. Hooper ''(D)'' :'Washington Territory' ★ : Arthur A. Denny ''(R)''

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

:'Senate' ★ replacements: 7 ★ ★ Democratic: 2 seat net loss ★ ★ Republican: 2 seat net gain ★ deaths: ★ resignations: ★ vacancy: ★ 'Total seats with changes: '

:'House of Representatives' ★ replacements: 6 ★ ★ Democratic: 2 seat net gain ★ ★ Republican: 1 seat net loss ★ ★ Unconditional Unionist: 1 seat net loss ★ deaths: ★ resignations: ★ contested election: ★ 'Total seats with changes: '

Officers

:'Senate' ★ Secretary of the Senate: ★ ★ John W. Forney of Pennsylvania elected July 15 1861 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: ★ ★ George T. Brown of Illinois, elected July 6 1861 ★ Chaplain of the Senate ★ ★ The Rev. Edgar H. Gray, ''Baptist'', elected March 9 1865:'Other' ★ Architect of the Capitol: ★ ★ Thomas U. Walter, appointed June 11 1851, resigned May 26 1865 ★ ★ Edward Clark, appointed August 30 1865

:'House of Representatives' ★ Clerk of the House: ★ ★ Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected December 4 1865 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the House: ★ ★ Nehemiah G. Ordway of New Hampshire, elected December 4 1865 ★ Doorkeeper of the House: ★ ★ Ira Goodnow of New York, elected December 4 1865 ★ Postmaster of the House: ★ ★ Joshua Given of Ohio, elected December 4 1865 ★ Messenger to the Speaker: ★ ★ William D. Todd ★ Chaplain of the House ★ ★ The Rev. Charles B. Boynton, ''Congregationalist'', elected December 4 1865

References

★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,

★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,

External links

★ Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

★ Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

★ House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History

★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists