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'Gemination' is when, during development, a tooth splits to form what appears to be two teeth.
Gemination is easily confused with 'fusion', which is the result of two teeth which fuse either partially or entirely during development to form what appears to be a single tooth. The way to tell fusion from gemination is to count the teeth. If the number of teeth correspond to the normal quantity, it is a case of fusion. If the number is in excess of normal, it is a case of gemination.