العربية
中国
Français
Deutsch
Ελληνική
हिन्दी
Italiano
日本語
Português
Русский
EspañolTOPICS (ARISTOTLE)
The 'Topics' is the name given to one of Aristotle's six standard works on logic, collectively known as the Organon. The other five are ''Categories'', ''Prior Analytics'', ''De Interpretatione'', ''Posterior Analytics'', and ''Sophistical Refutations''. The Topics was written as a textbook on how to argue successfully. ''Topoi'' are basic principles designed to help a disputant win arguments.
In the Topics, Aristotle does not define a ''topos'', though a characterises it in the Rhetorics as follows: "I call the same thing element and topos; for an element or a topos is a heading under which many enthymemes fall" (Rhet. 1403a18-19). By 'element', he means a general form under which enthymemes of the same type can be included. Thus the ''topos'' is a general argument form, of which the individual arguments are instances, and is thus a sort of template from which many individual arguments can be constructed. The word 'topos' (place, location) is probably derived from an ancient method of memorizing things by connecting them in the mind with successive places (e.g. as houses along a street one knows).
The Topics seem to represents a pre-syllogistic version of Aristotelian logic, since there are no hints of syllogistic theory in it.
★ Oxford Classical Text edition by W. D. Ross, 1958.
★ Loeb Classical Library edition (includes English translation) by E.S. Forster, 1960.
★ Collection Budé edition (includes French translation) of Books 1-4 only by Jacques Brunschwig, 1967 (2nd ed., 2002).
★ 'Topics', trans. by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge
★
★ http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/a/a8t/
In the Topics, Aristotle does not define a ''topos'', though a characterises it in the Rhetorics as follows: "I call the same thing element and topos; for an element or a topos is a heading under which many enthymemes fall" (Rhet. 1403a18-19). By 'element', he means a general form under which enthymemes of the same type can be included. Thus the ''topos'' is a general argument form, of which the individual arguments are instances, and is thus a sort of template from which many individual arguments can be constructed. The word 'topos' (place, location) is probably derived from an ancient method of memorizing things by connecting them in the mind with successive places (e.g. as houses along a street one knows).
The Topics seem to represents a pre-syllogistic version of Aristotelian logic, since there are no hints of syllogistic theory in it.
| Contents |
| Bibliography |
| Editions of the Greek text |
| External links |
Bibliography
Editions of the Greek text
★ Oxford Classical Text edition by W. D. Ross, 1958.
★ Loeb Classical Library edition (includes English translation) by E.S. Forster, 1960.
★ Collection Budé edition (includes French translation) of Books 1-4 only by Jacques Brunschwig, 1967 (2nd ed., 2002).
External links
★ 'Topics', trans. by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge
★
★ http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/a/a8t/
This article provided by Wikipedia. To edit the contents of this article, click here for original source.
psst.. try this: add to faves
