VICE PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES

The 'Vice President of the Philippines' is the second highest executive official of the Philippine government. 'The Vice President of the Philippines' is locally termed as ''Ang Pangalawang Pangulo'' or ''Pangalawang Pangulo'' (or ''Bise Presidente'' informally), for example ''Ang Pangalawang Pangulong Noli L. De Castro''. The Vice President is the first in the presidential line of succession. The Vice President also becomes the new President upon the death, resignation, or removal by impeachment and subsequent conviction of the President. The position was temporarily abolished by martial law in 1972, and was restored by amendments to the 1973 Constitution in time for the national "snap" elections of 1986. The subsequent, and present, 1987 Constitution retained the position. The office of the Vice President is located in the Philippine International Convention Center in Pasay City, Metro Manila.

Contents

Description

History

Before independence

Vice Presidents

Succession

List of Vice Presidents

See also

External links

Description

Unlike the position of Vice-President in the United States, the Vice-President of the Philippines has no official responsibility other than those given by the incumbent President of the Philippines. The traditions governing the position of Vice-President date back to the Philippine Commonwealth, and the first Vice-President, Sergio Osmena (while there was a similarly-named position in governments prior to the First Philippine Republic, the position did not exist under what is considered the first official national government set up in 1898). The tradition is for the Vice-President to be given the highest-ranking cabinet portfolio.

History

Before independence

The first known vice president claiming to be part of a government was Mariano Trias. He was elected during the elections of the Tejeros Convention, and was later elected vice president of the Supreme Council that oversaw negotiations for the Biak na Bato pact in 1897. This Supreme Council had no sovereignty, did not govern any state, and was just used for bargaining with the Spanish. This council was replaced later, with no such position existing during the country's declaration of independence in 1898, which had a dictatorial government. Officially, the country's first actual republic was founded in 1899, and it too had no vice president. Trias instead served in the cabinets of Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno, as finance minister and war minister, respectively.

Vice Presidents

The 1935 Constitution of the Philippines established the position of Vice-President, with no required responsibilities, although the President could, if he so chose, appoint the Vice-President to a cabinet position. The first person elected to the position of Vice-President under the constitution was Sergio Osmena. Elected together with Manuel L. Quezon in the first Philippine national elections, Osmena was given the highest-ranking cabinet portfolio with inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines in November, 1935. Prior to independence in 1946, that cabinet portfolio was Secretary of Public Instruction, which had once been reserved only for the Vice Governor-General (an American). Vice-President Osmena held that position from 1935-1939, and a similar portfolio in the War Cabinet during World War II. After independence, the highest-ranking cabinet position became that of Secretary of Foreign Affairs (it is still the highest-ranking cabinet portfolio in official protocol to this day), which was given to Vice-President Elpidio Quirino. Vice-President Fernando Lopez declined the Foreign Affairs portfolio when he became Quirino's Vice-President in 1949. However, Vice-Presidents Carlos P. Garcia and Emmanuel Pelaez also held the Foreign Affairs portfolio, a tradition revived in the Fifth Republic, with Vice-Presidents Salvador Laurel and Teofisto Guingona, Jr. holding the Foreign Affairs portfolio. Alone of the Vice-Presidents of the Third Republic, Diosdado Macapagal was not given any cabinet position, since he was the first Vice-President elected who did not come from the same party as the incumbent.

ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12
PlotArea = top:10 bottom:100 right:130 left:20
AlignBars = late
DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1897 till:06/30/2010
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1900
Colors =
id:Vacant value:black
id:None value:gray(0.3)
id:abolished value:gray(0.6)
id:NP value:green
id:LP value:dullyellow
id:KBL value:red
id:UNIDO value:yellow
id:Lakas value:blue
id:NPC value:orange
id:linemark value:gray(0.8)
id:linemark2 value:gray(0.9)
BarData =
barset:PM
PlotData=
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
barset:PM
from:03/22/1897 till:11/22/1897 text:"Mariano Trias" color:None
from:11/22/1897 till:11/15/1935 text:"Abolished" color:abolished
from:11/15/1935 till:08/01/1944 text:"Sergio Osmeña" color:NP
from:08/01/1944 till:05/28/1946 text:"Vacant" color:abolished
from:05/28/1946 till:04/15/1948 text:"Elpidio Quirino" color:LP
from:04/15/1948 till:12/30/1949 text:"Vacant" color:abolished
from:12/30/1949 till:12/30/1953 text:"Fernando Lopez" color:LP
from:12/30/1953 till:03/17/1957 text:"Carlos P. Garcia" color:NP
from:03/17/1957 till:12/30/1957 text:"Vacant" color:abolished
from:12/30/1957 till:12/30/1961 text:"Diosdado Macapagal" color:LP
from:12/30/1961 till:12/30/1965 text:"Emmanuel Pelaez" color:LP
from:12/30/1965 till:01/17/1973 text:"Fernando Lopez (2nd)" color:NP
from:01/17/1973 till:01/23/1984 text:"Abolished" color:abolished
from:01/23/1984 till:02/16/1986 text:"Vacant" color:abolished
from:02/16/1986 till:02/25/1986 text:"Arturo Tolentino" color:KBL
from:02/25/1986 till:06/30/1992 text:"Salvador Laurel" color:UNIDO
from:06/30/1992 till:06/30/1998 text:"Joseph Estrada" color:NPC
from:06/30/1998 till:01/20/2001 text:"Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo" color:Lakas
from:01/20/2001 till:02/07/2001 text:"Vacant" color:abolished
from:02/07/2001 till:06/30/2004 text:"Teofisto Guingona" color:Lakas
from:06/30/2004 till:end text:"Noli de Castro" color:Lakas

Succession

Succession in case of the incapacitation or death of the President of the Philippines has occurred thrice: first, with Sergio Osmena's assumption of the presidency in 1944; then Elpidio Quirino's succession in 1948; and finally, Carlos P. Garcia's assumption of the presidency in 1957. A Vice-President has become President by virtue of resignation (or abandonment of office, depending on the argument used) once: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in 2001.
The proper term of address for the Vice-President is "The Honorable First Name Family Name, Vice-President of the Philippines." The simpler "Mr. Vice-President" or "Madam Vice-President" is also correct.

List of Vice Presidents

See also

★ President of the Philippines

★
★ List of Presidents of the Philippines

★ Prime Minister of the Philippines (defunct)

External links

★ Office of the Vice President of the Philippines