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EspañolWALLINGFORD (UK PARLIAMENT CONSTITUENCY)
'Wallingford' was a constituency in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
It was a parliamentary borough created in 1295, centred on the market town Wallingford in Berkshire (now in Oxfordshire). It used to return two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons; this was cut to one in 1832, and the constituency was abolished in 1885. The town of Wallingford is now within the constituency of Wantage.
History
Before 1832 the borough consisted only of the town of Wallingford, which by the 19th century was divided into four parishes. The franchise was limited to (male) inhabitants paying scot and lot, a local tax. Namier and Brooke estimated that the number of electors in the mid-eighteenth century was about 200; but the number fluctuated considerably with the fortunes of the town, which had no manufacturing interests and considerable unemployment at some periods. There were never enough voters to avoid the risk of corruption, and systematic bribery generally prevailed, with anything up to 150 votes being bought and sold at any one election. (In 1754, Thomas Sewell, one of the Whig candidates, spent over £1000 of his own money and not only was this reimbursed from the "secret service" funds but the government spent further money unsuccessfully attempting to secure him a seat in Wallingford.) By the 19th century Wallingford was regarded as one of the worst of the rotten boroughs, and Oldfield recorded in 1816 that the price of a vote was 40 guineas.
The 1831 census found the borough had a population of approximately 2,500, and 485 houses. Under the Reform Act 1832, the constituency was allowed to survive and to keep one of its two MPs, but the boundaries were considerably extended, taking in the Wallingford Castle precincts, which had previously been excluded, and all or part of a dozen neighbouring parishes including Benson and Crowmarsh, and part of Cholsey. This change of boundaries almost trebled the population, but the effect on the electorate was much smaller. According to the reports on which the Reform Act was based, Wallingford had about 300 men qualified to vote in 1831 (though no more than 230 had ever voted in the previous thirty years). Yet despite the widening of the right to vote, which preserved the ancient right voters of the borough while adding new electors on an occupation franchise, there were only 453 names on the 1832 electoral register for the extended borough. (Stooks Smith records that 166 of these claimed their vote as scot and lot payers, while 287 qualified as £10 occupiers; but many of the latter group presumably paid scot and lot within the old boundaries and could have voted before the Reform Act.)
In 1868 the franchise was further extended and there were 942 registered electors, but the constituency was much too small to survived the Third Reform Act, and was abolished with effect from the general election of 1885. The constituency was mostly included in the new Berkshire North or Abingdon county constituency, but Benson and the other parts of the extended borough on the Oxfordshire side of the Thames were placed in the Oxfordshire South or Henley division of that county.
Members of Parliament
1295-1660
★ 1302: Osbert de Notele, William Clericus
★ 1304: Nicholas de la Barre, William Mareschal
★ 1306: Nicholas de la Barre, Richard de Cippenham
★ 1306: John Mariot, Osbert de Notele
★ 1307: Nicholas de la Barre, John Mariot
★ 1309: Thomas de Morton, Thomas Bene
★ 1311: Nicholas de la Barre, Osbert de Notele
★ 1311: Nicholas de la Barre, Osbert de Notele
★ 1312: Nicholas de la Barre, Richard de Cippenham
★ 1313: Nicholas de la Barre, William Butty
★ 1314: Walter at Russhe, William Butty
★ 1314-5: Osbert de Notele, Thomas Bone
★ 1318: Thomas Garston, Thomas Bone
★ 1327: John Osbern, Richard Grotard
★ 1320: Thomas Bone, Thomas Bortorat
★ 1321: Nicholas de la Barre, John Osbern
★ 1322: Reginald de Bradebourn, Alexander le Vacher
★ 1322: Thomas at Gaston, Alexander le Vacher
★ 1323: Osbert de Notele, Reginald de Bradebourn
★ 1325: Robert Butty, Richard Reswald
★ 1327: John Osbern, Roger de Saucer
★ 1328: Thomas Bone, John Osbern
★ 1328: John Osbern, John Breton
★ 1329: John Mariot, William Arnyot
★ 1330: John Mariot, Robert Butty
★ 1331: John Mariot, Robert Butty
★ 1331: Thomas Bone, William de Dene
★ 1333: John Mariot, John de Preston
★ 1335: William de Cornwall, Philip Preston
★ 1335: William de Cornwall, Thomas Bone
★ 1336: William de Cornwall, Edmund Bonham
★ 1336: William de Cornwall, Thomas Bone
★ 1337: John Mariot, William de Cornwall
★ 1337: John Mariot, William de Cornwall
★ 1338: William le Goldsmith, John Berewyk
★ 1338: John Mariot, William Arnyat
★ 1339: John Stacy, Thomas Batheshall
★ 1339: Robert Butty, William le Goldsmith
★ 1341: John Mariot, Robert Butty
★ 1344: Roger Tylewyne, John Berewyk
★ 1347: John atte Ruysshe, John at Barston
★ 1348: Philip de Preston, William le Goldsmith
★ 1350-1: William Harewell, Thomas Reynald
★ 1355: John Louch, John Brightwalton
★ 1357-8: Robert Berot, John Heronn
★ 1360: John Louch, John Andrew
★ 1360: Nicholas Payable, Roger Preston
★ 1362: William Harewell, Henry Redyng
★ 1363: William Harewell, Alexander Absolan
★ 1364: John James, Roger Preston
★ 1366: John James, Nicholas Payable
★ 1368: Nicholas Tanner,
★ 1369: John James, Nicholas Tanner
★ 1370: John James, Richard Attefelde
★ 1371: John James, Richard Attefelde
★ 1372: Richard Attefelde, Roger Melbourne
★ 1373: Thomas Grove, Roger Arnyate
★ 1375: John James, Richard Attefelde
★ 1376: Thomas Beneshef, Henry de Bedyng
★ 1377: Thomas Reynald, Richard Attefelde
★ 1378: Roger Arnyate
★ 1379-80: Roger Melbourne, Walter Hervy
★ 1381: Roger Melbourne
★ 1383: Thomas Grove, Robert Oxenford
★ 1383: Roger Melbourne, John Kerre
★ 1383: Roger Arnyate, John Kerre
★ 1384: Thomas Grove, John Lyttel
★ 1384: Thomas Grove, Walter Harby
★ 1385: Thomas Beneshef, Robert Oxenford
★ 1386: Thomas Beneshef, John Derby
★ 1387: Thomas Beneshef, Roger Melbourne
★ 1388: Richard de Brugge, John Bernard
★ 1389: John Cotterell, Roger Melbourne
★ 1391: Richard Hovelock, William Hende
★ 1392: John Cotterell, William Cary
★ 1393: John Cotterell, John Derby
★ 1394: John Cotterell, John Derby
★ 1396: John Cotterell, Robert Oxenford
★ 1397: John Cotterell, Walter Colete
★ 1399: Walter Hervy, John Culham
★ 1405-6: William Essex, Walter Hyndon
★ 1407: John Culham, William Clowd
★ 1409-10: John Cotterell, William Cotterell
★ 1413: Thomas Ravening, Lewys Ihon
★ 1413-4: Robert Deffonte, Robert Carswell
★ 1419: John Denby, Richard Algate
★ 1420: John Cotterell, Richard Algate
★ 1421: John Cotterell, John Mercham
★ 1421: John Warfeld, William Bodyngton
★ 1422: John Warfeld, Laurence Haweman
★ 1423: Laurence Haweman, Henry Payne
★ 1429: John Mercham, Thomas Jones
★ 1425-6: Laurence Haweman, John Denby
★ 1427: John Warfeld, William Borde
★ 1429: John Warfeld, Laurence Haweman
★ 1430-1: John Warfeld, Thomas Ramsey
★ 1432: John Warfeld, William Bodyngton
★ 1433: John Warfeld, William Bodyngton
★ 1435: John Warfeld, William Borde
★ 1436-7: John Warfeld, William Borde
★ 1441-2: John Bruggewater, John Stoke
★ 1446: John Stoke, Robert Dalby
★ 1448: Thomas Carlyll. Henry Herleton
★ 1449: Robert Hopton, Thomas Bron
★ 1450: Henry Spencer, Richard Bulstrode
★ 1452-3: Thomas Preston, John Burgh
★ 1459: Richard Houghton, Henry Spencer
★ 1460: William Bedeston, John Bydon
★ 1467: John Colynggrugge, Robert Hopton
★ 1472: Thomas Roos, Thomas Ashynden
★ 1477-8: Thomas Wode, Thomas Vynsent
★ 1529: Edward Chamberlain, Godelacius Overton
★ 1547: Sir Thomas Parry, Henry Hontley
★ 1552-3: Sir Thomas Parry, George Wright
★ 1553: George Wright, Edmund Plowden
★ 1554: Edmund Ashfield, Anthony Butler
★ 1554: Edmund Ashfield, Robert Cockson
★ 1555: Sir Thomas Parry, Thomas Mynde
★ 1557: Thomas Mynde, Radulphus Pollyngton
★ 1558-9: Thomas Mynde, John Fortesque
★ 1563: William Dunch, Thomas Brown
★ 1571: Sir Edmund Dunch, Thomas Dudley
★ 1572: Thomas Digges, John Fortesque
★ 1584: Christopher Edmonds, Richard Knollys
★ 1586: Richard Knollys, Thomas Stampe
★ 1588-9: Michael Molyns, Thomas Stampe
★ 1592-3: Thomas Fortesque, Anthony Bacon
★ 1597: Thomas Fortesque, Owen Oglethorpe
★ 1603: (John Harberte), Henry Doyley, Thomas Fortesque (who took John Harberte's seat as he served for Glamorgan)
★ 1603: Sir William Dunch, Griffith Payne
★ 1614: William Reynolds, George Symonds
★ 1620: Sir George Simeon, Samuel Dunch
★ 1623: (Sir Edward Howarde), Sir George Simeon, Sir Anthony Forrest (who took Edward Howarde's seat as he served for Calne, Wilts)
★ 1625: Sir Anthony Forrest, Michael Molyns
★ 1625: Sir Anthony Forrest, Unton Croke
★ 1627: Sir Robert Knollys, Edmund Dunch
★ 1640-1653: Edmund Dunch (Parliamentarian), Unton Croke
★ 1640-1644: Thomas Howard (Royalist) - ''disabled to sit, January 1644''
★ 1646(?)-1648: Robert Packer - ''excluded in Pride's Purge, December 1648''
★ 1658: William Cook, Walter Bigg
1660-1832
★ ''Constituency reduced to one seat, (1832)''
1832-1885
| Year | Member | Party | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1832 | William Seymour Blackstone | Conservative | ||
| 1852 | Richard Malins | Conservative | ||
| 1865 | Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke, Bt | Liberal | ||
| 1868 | Stanley Vickers | Conservative | Died 24 February 1872 | |
| 1872 | Edward Wells | Conservative | ||
| 1880 | Walter Wren | Liberal | Election declared void, on petition, 19 June 1880 | |
| 1880 | Pandeli Ralli | Liberal | ||
★ ''Constituency abolished'' (1885)
Notes
1. Dunch was also elected for Cricklade, which he chose to represent, and did not sit for Wallingford
2. The Lord Pigot from 1766
Elections
Electoral system: The bloc vote electoral system was used in two seat elections and first past the post for single member elections. Each voter had up to as many votes as there were seats to be filled. Votes had to be cast by a spoken declaration, in public, at the hustings (until the secret ballot was introduced in 1872).
Percentage change calculations: Where there was only one candidate of a party in successive elections, for the same number of seats, change is calculated on the party percentage vote. Where there was more than one candidate, in one or both successive elections for the same number of seats, then change is calculated on the individual percentage vote.
Sources (unless otherwise indicated): (1754-1784) Namier and Brooke; (1790-1831) Stooks Smith; (1832-1880) Craig. Where Stooks Smith gives additional information or differs from the other sources this is indicated in a note after the result.
Swing: Positive swing is from Whig/Liberal to Tory/Conservative. Negative swing is from Tory/Conservative to Whig/Liberal.
| 1750-1760s – 1770-1780s –1790s – 1800s – 1810s – 1820s – 1830s – 1840s – 1850s – 1860s – 1870s – 1880s |
Elections in the 1750-1760s
★ ''Death of Hervey''
★ ''Creation of Pigot as the 1st Baron Pigot in the Peerage of Ireland, 1766''
Elections in the 1770-1780s
★ ''Seat vacated on the appointment of Pigot as Warden of the Mint''
★ ''Seat vacated on the appointment of Aubrey as a Lord of the Admiralty 2 ''
★ ''Seat vacated on the appointment of Aubrey to an office''
★ ''Seat vacated on the appointment of Aubrey as a Commissioner of the Treasury 2 ''
★ ''Note (1784 by-election): Namier and Brooke do not include this by-election, which is noted in Stooks Smith's book. Stooks Smith does not include the previous by-election won by Aubrey.''
Elections in the 1790s
★ ''Resignation of Wraxall''
Elections in the 1800s
★ ''Death of Sykes''
Elections in the 1810s
Elections in the 1820s
★ ''Resignation of Robarts''
Elections in the 1830s
★ ''Creation of Hughes as the 1st Baron Dinorben''
★ ''Note (1832): Change and swing calculated from the 1831 by-election. Stooks Smith classifies Blackstone as a Tory and Eyston as a Whig. Blackstone used crimson and white colours and Eyston used green.''
★ ''Note (1835): Stooks Smith classifies Blackstone as a Tory and gives the registered electors as 344.''
★ ''Note (1837): Stooks Smith classifies Blackstone as a Tory and Teed as a Whig. He also gives the registered electorate as 322. Blackstone used crimson and white colours and Teed used light blue.''
Elections in the 1840s
★ ''Note (1841): Stooks Smith classifies Blackstone as a Tory and gives the registered electors as 368.''
★ ''Note (1847): Stooks Smith classifies Blackstone as a Tory and Morrison as a Whig.''
Elections in the 1850s
Elections in the 1860s
Elections in the 1870s
★ ''Death of Vickers''
Elections in the 1880s
★ ''Election declared void on petition''
★ ''Constituency abolished (1885)''
Notes:-
★ 1 A Peer of Ireland.
★ 2 This is the office attributed to the MP by Stooks Smith. However Pigot in 1772 does not appear on the Wikipedia list of Masters of the Mint.
References
★ ''British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885'', compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (The Macmillan Press 1977)
★ J.K. Hedges, ''Wallingford History'' (London: Wm Clowes, 1881)
★ Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke, ''The House of Commons 1754-1790'', (London: HMSO, 1964)
★ Lewis Namier, ''The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III'' (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1961)
★ Robert Henry O'Byrne ''The representative history of Great Britain and Ireland, comprising biographical and genealogical notices of the Members of Parliament from Edward VI 1547 to Victoria 1847.'' (London, John Ollivier, 1848)
★ T H B Oldfield, ''The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland'' (London: Baldwin, Cradock & Joy, 1816)
★ J Holladay Philbin, ''Parliamentary Representation 1832 - England and Wales'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
★ M. Stenton (ed.), ''Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885'' (The Harvester Press, 1976)
★ Henry Stooks Smith, ''The Parliaments of England'' (1st edition in three volumes, 1844-50; 2nd edition edited in one volume by F.W.S. Craig, Political Reference Publications, 1973)
★ Frederic A Youngs, jr, "Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol I" (London: Royal Historical Society, 1979)
★
External links
★ Wallingford History Gateway
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