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'Yuppies' ('young urban professionals', or less commonly 'young upwardly-mobile professionals'[1]) is a market segment whose consumers are characterized as self-reliant, financially secure individualists.[2] Since the late 1980s, the phrase 'affluent professionals' has been used as a synonym, stripped of negative associations with the once-homogenous market.[3]
Although the term ''yuppies'' had not appeared until the early 1980s, there was discussion about young upwardly mobile professionals as early as 1968.
Joseph Epstein is sometimes credited for coining the term in 1982;[5] however, the first printed appearance of the word so far found is in a May 1980, "Chicago Magazine" article by Dan Rottenberg.[6] The word gained currency in United States when syndicated newspaper columnist Bob Greene published a story in 1983 about the former radical leader of Youth International Party, Jerry Rubin, whose members were called ''yippies''.[7] The proliferation of the word was effected by the publication of ''The Yuppie Handbook'' in January 1983, followed by Senator Gary Hart's 1984 candidacy as a "yuppie candidate" for President of the United States.2 The term was then used to describe a political demographic group of socially liberal but fiscally conservative voters favoring his candidacy.[8] ''Newsweek'' magazine declared 1984 ''The Year of the Yuppie'', and described the salary range, occupations, and politics of yuppies as "demographically hazy."2
In a 1985 issue of The Wall Street Journal, Theressa Kersten at SRI International described a "yuppie backlash" from people who fit the demographic profile yet expressed resentment of the label, "You're talking about a class of people who put off having families so they can make payments on the BMWs ... To be a Yuppie is to be a loathsome undesirable creature". Leo Shapiro, a market researcher in Chicago, responded, "Stereotyping always winds up being derogatory. It doesn't matter whether you are trying to advertise to farmers, Hispanics or Yuppies, no one likes to be neatly lumped into some group".2
Later, the word lost its political connotations and, particularly after the 1987 stock market crash, gained the negative socio-economic connotations it enjoys today. By 1991, TIME proclaimed the death of the Yuppie in a mock obituary.[9]
★ ''The Bonfire of the Vanities'', by Tom Wolfe, a "satire of yuppie excess"[10]
★ ''Bright Lights, Big City'' by Jay McInerney[11] (McInerney himself has been called "the archetypal yuppie")[12]
★ ''Fight Club'', the 1996 novel and 1999 film adaptation, follows "a disenchanted yuppie ... numbed by the sterile materialism of modern life."[13]
★ ''Slaves of New York'' by Tama Janowitz describes a later (early 1990s) evolution of the Yuppie, in which the upper tier made considerably more than the lower, supporting tier, the "slaves" of the title, who were trapped by rents and insufficient salaries into a struggle merely to stay afloat and in Manhattan
★ ''thirtysomething'', U.S. TV series, seen as a representation of "yuppie "[14]
★ ''Wall Street'', the 1987 film about stock traders, has been described as "encapsulation of 80s yuppie greed culture", particularly Charlie Sheen's naive 20-something character.[15]
★ Buppie is a black urban professional.[16]
★ Yuppification often replaces the word ''gentrification''; it is the act of making something, someone, or someplace appealing and thus marketable to yuppie tastes. [17]
★ DINKs (also ''DINKY'' in the UK) is an acronym is for ''Dual Income, No Kids [Yet]'';[18][19] at least one authority considers this to be synonymous with "yuppie".[20]
★ Yuppie Flu was a sometimes derisive, and inaccurate, term applied to chronic fatigue syndrome, before its medical legitimation.[21]
★ Reporter David Brooks characterized yuppies as bourgeois bohemians, or ''Bobos'', in his book ''Bobos in Paradise'', a.k.a. ''Trustifarians''.
★ ''Guppie'' is a gay urban professional.16
★ Hippie
★ Yippie
★ Hipster
★ Model Minority
★ Sellout
★ Paninaro
★ Gold collar
★ Fads and trends
1. Fifty Years Among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologisms, , John, Algeo, Cambridge University Press, 1991,
2.
3.
4.
5. Movers And Shakers: A Chronology of Words That Shaped Our Age, , John, Ayto, Oxford University Press, 2006,
6. About that urban renaissance.... there'll be a slight delay
7. Global Finance and Urban Living: A Study of Metropolitan Change, , Leslie, Budd, Routledge, 1992,
8. Campaign for President: The Managers Look at '84, , Jonathan, Moore, Praeger/Greenwood, 1986,
9. The Birth and -- Maybe -- Death of Yuppiedom
10. Things that Make You Go Hmmm...
11. Yuppie Lit: Publicize or Perish
12. Jay Watch
13. Showdown at the Fight Club
14. thirtysomethingtherapy: the hit TV show may be filled with "yuppie angst," but therapists are using it to help people
15. Wall Street Review
16. Ayto 2006, p. 225.
17. Algeo 1991, p. 228.
18. The American Heritage Abbreviations Dictionary, , , , Houghton Mifflin Reference Books, 2002,
19. Wordsworth Dictionary of Abbreviations & Acronyms, , Rodney, Dale, , ,
20. The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, , , , Merriam-Webster, 1991,
21. Emerging Illnesses and Society: Negotiating the Public Health Agenda, , Randall M., Packhard, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004,
★ Yuppies entry in the St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture
| Contents |
| History |
| Notable cultural depictions of yuppies |
| Related terms |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
History
Although the term ''yuppies'' had not appeared until the early 1980s, there was discussion about young upwardly mobile professionals as early as 1968.
Critics believe that the demand for "instant executives" has led some young climbers to confuse change with growth. One New York consultant comments, "Many executives in their 20's and 30's have been so busy job-hopping that they've never developed their skills. They're apt to suffer a sudden loss of career impetus and go into a power stall."[4]
Joseph Epstein is sometimes credited for coining the term in 1982;[5] however, the first printed appearance of the word so far found is in a May 1980, "Chicago Magazine" article by Dan Rottenberg.[6] The word gained currency in United States when syndicated newspaper columnist Bob Greene published a story in 1983 about the former radical leader of Youth International Party, Jerry Rubin, whose members were called ''yippies''.[7] The proliferation of the word was effected by the publication of ''The Yuppie Handbook'' in January 1983, followed by Senator Gary Hart's 1984 candidacy as a "yuppie candidate" for President of the United States.2 The term was then used to describe a political demographic group of socially liberal but fiscally conservative voters favoring his candidacy.[8] ''Newsweek'' magazine declared 1984 ''The Year of the Yuppie'', and described the salary range, occupations, and politics of yuppies as "demographically hazy."2
In a 1985 issue of The Wall Street Journal, Theressa Kersten at SRI International described a "yuppie backlash" from people who fit the demographic profile yet expressed resentment of the label, "You're talking about a class of people who put off having families so they can make payments on the BMWs ... To be a Yuppie is to be a loathsome undesirable creature". Leo Shapiro, a market researcher in Chicago, responded, "Stereotyping always winds up being derogatory. It doesn't matter whether you are trying to advertise to farmers, Hispanics or Yuppies, no one likes to be neatly lumped into some group".2
Later, the word lost its political connotations and, particularly after the 1987 stock market crash, gained the negative socio-economic connotations it enjoys today. By 1991, TIME proclaimed the death of the Yuppie in a mock obituary.[9]
Notable cultural depictions of yuppies
★ ''The Bonfire of the Vanities'', by Tom Wolfe, a "satire of yuppie excess"[10]
★ ''Bright Lights, Big City'' by Jay McInerney[11] (McInerney himself has been called "the archetypal yuppie")[12]
★ ''Fight Club'', the 1996 novel and 1999 film adaptation, follows "a disenchanted yuppie ... numbed by the sterile materialism of modern life."[13]
★ ''Slaves of New York'' by Tama Janowitz describes a later (early 1990s) evolution of the Yuppie, in which the upper tier made considerably more than the lower, supporting tier, the "slaves" of the title, who were trapped by rents and insufficient salaries into a struggle merely to stay afloat and in Manhattan
★ ''thirtysomething'', U.S. TV series, seen as a representation of "yuppie "[14]
★ ''Wall Street'', the 1987 film about stock traders, has been described as "encapsulation of 80s yuppie greed culture", particularly Charlie Sheen's naive 20-something character.[15]
Related terms
★ Buppie is a black urban professional.[16]
★ Yuppification often replaces the word ''gentrification''; it is the act of making something, someone, or someplace appealing and thus marketable to yuppie tastes. [17]
★ DINKs (also ''DINKY'' in the UK) is an acronym is for ''Dual Income, No Kids [Yet]'';[18][19] at least one authority considers this to be synonymous with "yuppie".[20]
★ Yuppie Flu was a sometimes derisive, and inaccurate, term applied to chronic fatigue syndrome, before its medical legitimation.[21]
★ Reporter David Brooks characterized yuppies as bourgeois bohemians, or ''Bobos'', in his book ''Bobos in Paradise'', a.k.a. ''Trustifarians''.
★ ''Guppie'' is a gay urban professional.16
See also
★ Hippie
★ Yippie
★ Hipster
★ Model Minority
★ Sellout
★ Paninaro
★ Gold collar
★ Fads and trends
References
1. Fifty Years Among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologisms, , John, Algeo, Cambridge University Press, 1991,
2.
3.
4.
5. Movers And Shakers: A Chronology of Words That Shaped Our Age, , John, Ayto, Oxford University Press, 2006,
6. About that urban renaissance.... there'll be a slight delay
7. Global Finance and Urban Living: A Study of Metropolitan Change, , Leslie, Budd, Routledge, 1992,
8. Campaign for President: The Managers Look at '84, , Jonathan, Moore, Praeger/Greenwood, 1986,
9. The Birth and -- Maybe -- Death of Yuppiedom
10. Things that Make You Go Hmmm...
11. Yuppie Lit: Publicize or Perish
12. Jay Watch
13. Showdown at the Fight Club
14. thirtysomethingtherapy: the hit TV show may be filled with "yuppie angst," but therapists are using it to help people
15. Wall Street Review
16. Ayto 2006, p. 225.
17. Algeo 1991, p. 228.
18. The American Heritage Abbreviations Dictionary, , , , Houghton Mifflin Reference Books, 2002,
19. Wordsworth Dictionary of Abbreviations & Acronyms, , Rodney, Dale, , ,
20. The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories, , , , Merriam-Webster, 1991,
21. Emerging Illnesses and Society: Negotiating the Public Health Agenda, , Randall M., Packhard, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004,
External links
★ Yuppies entry in the St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture
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