 | South Africa: Then and Now Video clips from Apartheid to Democracy Music begins 16 seconds into the video. |
 | The truth why Cherokee Nation is against the Freedmens. http://www.katherineceesayandcompany.blogspot.com/ Slowalker700 thank you for letting me use your pictures music and video my friend!! The truth is all of the five civilized tribes are against letting the Freedmen back into the tribe. Cherokee Nation Administration claims that they are not racist. And that everyone has to have an ancestor on the Final Dawes Rolls. They even have the "Blacks" who are in their tribe calling themselves Freedmen? If their ancestor was on the final dawes rolls THEY WERE NEVER FREEMEN!!! I don't see them accepting the Freedmen unless there is something done. They choose to ignore Congress ruling on HR 2824 bill this is why the government is wanting to pull funding. The solution is simple. CLAIM YOUR BROTHER INTO THE TRIBE AND CHEROKEE NATION WILL RECIEVE FUNDING!!! The truth is that they are so racist they are willing to risk and play on the sympathy of their own people. If they really cared they would do the right thing. White America didn't have a choice to keep getting away with racism why should Cherokee Nation? Or Choctaw, Creek Nation? |
 | South Africa During Apartheid Anton Lowenberg writes: "South Africa 's apartheid system was enormously costly and ultimately collapsed because the inefficiencies created by apartheid policies escalated as the economy's structure changed. Labor market regulation and industrial decentralization policy inhibited efficient resource utilization, especially as the manufacturing sector became dominant. Apartheid educational policies generated skill shortages. A mercantilistic development strategy distorted trade patterns, exacerbated dependence on foreign capital inflows, and created chronic balance of payments difficulties. The administrative and defense costs of implementing apartheid were onerous and rising. These internal weaknesses enhanced South Africa's vulnerability to capital flight, changes in world prices and business cycle conditions, and political changes abroad. Ultimately, apartheid was abandoned because its costs came to exceed its benefits to white South Africans. The internal dynamics of the system dictated the retrenchment of apartheid, which in all probability would have occurred even without foreign sanctions." Copyright 1997 by Oxford University Press. Apartheid distorted resource allocation because race, rather than economic criteria, determined where people could live, what job they could hold, and where they could open up a business. Inefficient resource allocation reduced South Africa's material wealth (as seen in diminishing returns to investment) over the long-term. Take the mining industry for example: After gold was found in South Africa's Transvaal province in 1873, mining became the country's chief industry. South African capitalists soon recognized that blacks could do many of the jobs previously done by whites and for much less money. In an efficiency drive, they fired whites and hired blacks instead. Between 1911 and 1922, the number of white miners decreased from 24,746 to 14,207. Discontent among white workers grew. South Africa's capitalists were accused of racial treason. General Ian Smuts, the prime minister at the time, was called a capitalist puppet. He was urged to protect "civilised labour standards" by barring blacks from competing with whites. Smuts held out and white miners, egged on by communist labor unions, instigated the so-called Rand Rebellion of 1922. By the time the government put the rebellion down by violent means, which included artillery shelling and aerial bombardment that flattened parts of South Africa's commercial center of Johannesburg, hundreds of people lay dead. General Barry Hertzog of the opposition Afrikaans National Party played the protectionist card during the 1924 general election. He declared that it was "in the nature of things [that] the fittest would survive, but the fittest was not European. The fittest was the native, who could live more cheaply. Parliament would have to take steps to stop the kind of economic force which was against the European." Hertzog won and formed a coalition government with the socialist Labour Party. In 1926, the national-socialist government barred much of black competition by passing the "Mines and Works Amendment Act." The system of job protectionism or "color bar" would later expand to include social segregation. Apartheid was born. In the long run, the "colour bar" proved as impracticable as it was immoral. It imposed unacceptably high costs on South African mining companies, who had to compete with increasingly productive foreign firms. The companies bribed and cajoled their way to government exemptions, hiring blacks and cutting their costs wherever and whenever they could. As a consequence, the number of black miners steadily increased from 190,137 in 1911 to 609,790 in 1970. The costs of apartheid - which is in a class with other collusions such as price ceilings, regulation, cartels and embargoes - produced incentives for contravention. Protecting white workers from open competition with blacks was costly. Wage differentials gave employers a strong incentive to favour black labour. |
 | Ciskei National Anthem Ciskei was a Bantustan in the south east of South Africa. It consisted of two separate blocks of land covering 2,970 square miles (7,700 km³), almost entirely surrounded by what was then the Cape Province and possessing a small coastline along the shore of the Indian Ocean. Ciskei had a succession of capitals during its existence. Originally, Zwelitsha served as the capital with the view that Alice would become the long term national capital. However, it was Bisho (now spelled Bhisho) that became the capital until Ciskei's reintegration into South Africa. Under South Africa's policy of apartheid, land was set aside for black peoples in self-governing territories. Ciskei was designated as one of two homeland or "Bantustan" for Xhosa-speaking people. Xhosa speakers were resettled there and to Transkei, the other Xhosa homeland. The name Ciskei means "on this side of the Kei River", and is in contrast to the neighboring Bantustan of Transkei. In 1961 it became a separate administrative region and in 1972 was declared self-governing under the rule of Lennox Sebe. In 1981 it became the fourth homeland to be declared independent by the South African government and its residents lost their South African citizenship. In common with other Bantustans its independence was not recognised by the international community. Sebe was deposed in 1990 by Brigadier Oupa Gqozo, who ruled as a dictator despite an initial promise of a swift return to civilian rule. During 1991-92, many of the legal foundations of apartheid in South Africa were removed, undermining the rationale for the homelands' continued existence. The African National Congress pressed strongly for them to be reincorporated into South Africa. This was opposed by Gqozo and the other homeland leaders. On 7 September 1992 the Ciskei Defence Force fired into a crowd of ANC members demanding the removal of Gqozo. 28 people were killed and hundreds injured in the Bisho massacre outside the Ciskei capital, Bisho. Gqozo refused to participate in the multiracial negotiations to agree a post-apartheid constitution for South Africa and initially threatened to boycott the first multiracial elections. This became unsustainable and in March 1994, Ciskei government workers went on strike for fear of losing their job security and pensions in the post-apartheid era. The police then mutinied, prompting Gqozo to resign on 22 March. South African government took control of the homeland to ensure security until the elections could be held the following month. Ciskei and all of the other homelands were reincorporated into South Africa on 27 April 1994, after the first post-apartheid elections. Along with Transkei, it became part of the new Eastern Cape Province. Its capital became the capital of the Eastern Cape Province http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciskei |
 | 1910 Eerste Minister Louis Botha The Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, consisting of the four former colonies: the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, the Orange Free State and the Transvaal. As a self-governing state of the British Empire, the Union remained under the formal rule of the British crown, represented in South Africa by a Governor-General. When South Africa obtained dominion status in 1910, General Louis Botha became the first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa. He was a major player in the postwar reconstruction of my country after the Boer War. The Botha government placed a high priority on creating a unified military out of the separate armies of the union's four provinces. The Defence Act, Number 13 of 1912, established a Union Defence Force, or U.D.F., that included a Permanent Force of career soldiers, an Active Citizen Force of temporary conscripts and volunteers as well as a Cadet organization. The Botha government also formed the South African Police force in 1913. Four years later, the Mounted Riflemen's Association relinquished its civilian responsibilities to the S.A.P. as most of its riflemen left to serve in the first World War. Botha amalgamated the four provincial Main Post Office administrations and placed them under a central control system. All railways in South Africa became a unified state-owned railway system under General Botha's leadership in 1916 when the Central South African Railways, the Cape Government Railways and the Natal Government Railways were merged by an Act of Parliament. Thus was born the South African Railways and Harbours (SAR&H). The Botha government granted charters to three universities, with their respective centres at Cape Town, Stellenbosch and Pretoria. The creation of a university at Stellenbosch was made possible by Mr Jan Marais of Coertzenburg; to the cause of higher education at Stellenbosch, he had donated the sum of £100000 Th Botha Government initiated the conservation efforts of the Union of South Africa. The administration proclaimed the Mkuze Game Reserve a protected area on 15 February 1912. The foundations for the establishment of the Kruger Park were laid by the Transvaal Volksraad in 1896, when the Rinderpest virus wiped out most of the Eastern Transvaal's game and cattle. Aiming to preserve wildlife, the Transvaal Volksraad voted in favour of a small government game reserve. In 1916 Prime Minister Botha appointed a government commission to assess the future of the reserves. In 1926 the administration officially renamed the reserves after Paul Kruger, and declared it to be South Africa's first National Park. Paul Roos was the captain of the first Springbok team, which was largely dominated by players from the Western Province. The first tour of Britain took place in 1906 and 7 and took in 29 matches. After the First World War started, Botha sent troops to take German South West Africa, a move unpopular among Boers. The Maritz Rebellion or the Boer Revolt, occurred in 1914, when men who supported the recreation of the old Boer republics rose up against the government of the Union of South Africa because of Botha's action against the Germans. Siener van Rensburg, the respected Boer Prophet, joined the rebels. The rebellion failed, and the ringleaders received heavy fines and terms of imprisonment. At the end of the War Botha briefly led a British Empire military mission to the Second Polish Republic during the Polish-Soviet War. Botha argued that the terms of the Versailles Treaty were too harsh on the Central Powers, but still signed the treaty. A number of laws controlling Indian immigration and commercial rights were passed by the Botha government. These laws were met with passive resistance from the Indians in South Africa. On 6 November 1913 Mahatma Ghandi led a March to protest against the legislation. He also entered into negotiations with the Botha government. The Land Act of 1913 which set up the 'reserves', later called 'bantustans' and 'homelands' was also passed in this time. This law effectively zoned Africans to specific areas of South Africa. They were prevented from buying land outside these areas. In response African intellectual leaders come together on January 8 in Bloemfontein and elect John Dube President of the South African Native National Congress. The two men most involved in bringing this to fruition, Solomon Plaatje and Pixley ka Isaka Seme are elected Secretary-General and Treasurer-General respectively. (The organisation changed its name in 1923 to the African National Congress.). In July 1913 moves to extend the pass laws to include women are met with determined resistance. In Winburg, Charlotte Maxeke, one of the organisers and spokeswomen of the anti-pass campaign, is arrested with 800 singing women on a march to the town hall. Prime Minister Botha unexpectedly died in 1919 and Jan Smuts becomes the new Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa. |
 | Nigga Please We found some nigger jokes. And we, recorded us telling them while wasted. FYI we are NOT racist so fuck off. If you are offended by the word NIGGER then you obviously are a NIGGER. Go look up the definition. Here is another joke for all of you bitches that are soooo offended: Three men are walking along the beach, a mexican, an african american and a white dude. They find a bottle and when they rub it, out pops a genie. The genie grants them all one wish. The mexican says, "I wish that all my mexican brethren and me could be transported back to our native homeland and we could all be happy there.' Poof! The mexican disappears. The genie turns to the african american. "And what is your wish?" "I wish that all my african brothers and I can all go back to our motherland and be happy and free." Poof! The black guys disappears. The genie turns to the white guy. "And what is your wish?" The white guy looks thoughful. "Are you telling me that all the spicks and blacks are gone from america?" The genie nods. "Oh, in that case then, I'll have a coke." |
 | My Life in South Africa My life growing up in South Africa. These pictures will bring back memories to ex-Cape Townians. These pictures were taken before November 1989. I left in Nov 1989. Pictures are from Cape Town, Wetton, Tokai, Muizenberg, Kruger National Park, possibly Transkei, Ciskei, and old postcards of Cape Town. We travelled everywhere but unfortunately didn't take too many pictures at the time. |
 | Bourj ash-Shamali Camp: Harvesting Oranges (part 2) http://a-films.blogspot.com Early in the morning, between 5 and 6am, a wave of footsteps and whispering voices can be heard in the narrow alleys of Bourj ash-Shamali Refugee Camp in South Lebanon. It is in the darkness of the early morning hours that hundreds of Palestinian day laborers leave their homes, gather in the streets and then head to their work in the fields and plantations of the region. More than two-thirds of the camp's labor force work at least part-time in agriculture. Lebanese law treats the more than 400,000 Palestinian refugees in the country as foreigners. Therefore they are not allowed to own land, they are forbidden to work in dozens of jobs, they aren't guaranteed a minimum wage and they aren't integrated into the Lebanese social and medical insurance system. These various forms of exclusion make them vulnerable and exploitable in many ways. This 17-minute film is the result of a video workshop in Bourj ash-Shamali Camp. It deals with various aspects of the work and life of Palestinian day laborers in the plantations of South Lebanon. Full quality versions of this clip are available at: http://a-films.blogspot.com/2008/10/video-harvesting-oranges.html Please check the collective's website for further videos on Palestinian refugees in Lebanon: http://a-films.blogspot.com |
 | South Africa: An Overview of International Business A piece done as part of a class project...isn't too in depth but not too dry either... |
 | Scotland the Brave (Bagpipes) "Scotland the Brave" (Scottish Gaelic: Alba an Aigh) is a patriotic song and one of the main contenders to be considered as a national anthem of Scotland. In June 2006, the song came second to Flower of Scotland in an online poll with more than 10,000 votes to determine the nation's favourite unofficial "anthem". The song is used to represent Scotland in the Commonwealth Games. Scotland the Brave is also the authorised pipe band march of The British Columbia Dragoons of the Canadian Forces and is played during the Pass in Review at Friday parades at The Citadel. In 2006, it was adopted as the regimental quick march of the Royal Regiment of Scotland. Scotland the Brave (in schottischem Gälisch Alba an Aigh) ist neben "Flower of Scotland" und "Scots Wha Hae" eine der drei inoffiziellen Nationalhymnen Schottlands. Sie wird als schottische Nationalhymne bei den Commonwealth Games verwendet. Des weiteren ist sie der autorisierte Pipe Band-Marsch der The British Columbia Dragoons der Kanadischen Streitkräfte und wird während der "Pass in Review" bei Freitagsparaden an der Militärschule "The Citadel" gespielt. 2006 wurde es als schneller Regimentsmarsch des Royal Regiment of Scotland eingeführt. Scotland the Brave (Alba an Aigh en gaélique écossais) est, avec The Flower of Scotland, l'hymne national écossais. Scotland the Brave (en gaélico escocés, Alba an Aigh) es una canción patriótica escocesa, y una de las candidatas para ser el himno nacional de Escocia. En junio de 2006, en una encuesta en internet organizada por la Royal Scottish National Orchestra, esta canción quedó segunda, sólo por detrás de Flower of Scotland, como favorita para convertirse en himno oficial. De hecho, Scotland the Brave ya se utiliza para representar a Escocia en los Juegos de la Commonwealth. «Scotland the Brave» (шотл.(гэльс.): Alba an Aigh) патриотическая песня народа Шотландии; претендует на звание неофициального гимна Шотландии. Scotland the Brave è considerato uno degli inni non ufficiali della Scozia. Scotland The Brave is een van drie onofficiële volksliederen van Schotland. De andere zijn Flower of Scotland en Scots Wha Hae. Scotland the Brave é um dos hinos não-oficiais da Escócia junto com Scots Wha Hae e Flower of Scotland. Geralmente é executada como uma marcha binária 4/4. Scotland the Brave (Skotsk-gælisk: Alba an Aigh) regnes som en av skottenes nasjonalsanger, og blir blant annet benyttet som nasjonalhymne ved Samveldelekene. I likhet med England har heller ikke Skottland noen offisiell nasjonalsang, men Scotland the Brave benyttes tradisjonelt som nasjonens sang - ofte sammen med Flower of Scotland. Teksten er skrevet ca. 1950 av journalisten Clifford Leonard Clark Hanley (1922 - 1999). Scotland the Brave, skotsk sång som brukar framföras på säckpipa. Sången brukar anses som skottlands nationalsång. |
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