 | Chinese Civilization for Five Thousand Years1-4Xia夏 & Shang商 Wu Ding (Chinese: 武丁, born Zi Zhao, Chinese: 子昭) was a Shang Dynasty King of China. His is the first historically verifiable name in the history of Chinese dynasties. The records of later historians that recorded his reign were long thought to be little more than legends until contemporary records of his reign were discovered in oracle script inscriptions on bones unearthed at the ruins of his capital Yinxu in 1899. In the 6th year of his father's reign, he was ordered to live at He (Chinese: 河) and study at Ganpan (Chinese: 甘盘). These early years spent among the common people allowed him to become familiar with their daily problems. In the Records of the Grand Historian he was listed by Sima Qian as the twenty-second Shang king, succeeding his father Xiao Yi (Chinese: 小乙). He was enthroned in the year of Dingwei (Chinese: 丁未) with Gan Pan (Chinese: 甘盘) as his prime minister and Yin (Chinese: 殷) as his capital. He cultivated the allegiance of neighbouring tribes by marrying one woman from each of them. His favoured consort Fu Hao entered the royal household through such a marriage and took advantage of the semi-matriarchal slave society to rise through the ranks to military general and high priestess. In the 3rd year of his reign he had vivid dreams about the way to rule his kingdom. He went on to ordered his prime minister to edit the book of ruling in the 6th year of his reign. He also ordered all the people must support their elders. In the 12th year of his regime, he promoted Shangjiawei to a position of power to exercise control over the Qi (Chinese: 契) people. In the 25th year of his reign, his son Zu Ji (Chinese: 祖己) died at a remote area after he exiled him. His mother died before and the new wife of Wu Ding does not like Zi Xiao. In the 29th year of his reign, he conducted rituals in honour of his ancestor King Tang, the first king of the Shang Dynasty, at the Royal Temple. Angered by the presence of a wild chicken standing on one of the ceremonial bronze vessels, he condemned his vassals and wrote an article called Gao Zong Tong Day (Chinese: 高宗肜日). In the 32nd year of his reign, he sent troops to Guifang (Chinese: 鬼方) and after 3 years of fighting he conquered it. The Di (Chinese: 氐) and Qiang (Chinese: 羌) barbarians immediately sent envoys to Shang to negotiate. His armies went on to conquer Dapeng (Chinese: 大彭) in the 43th year of his reign, and Tunwei (Chinese: 豕韦) in the 50th year of his reign. He died in the 59th year of his reign according to all the sources available. Widely regarded one of best kings of the Shang Dynasty, he was given the posthumous name Wu Ding (Chinese: 武丁) and was succeeded by his son Zu Geng (Chinese: 祖庚). The oracle script inscriptions on the bones unearthed at Yinxu alternatively record that he was the twenty-first Shang king. ------------------------------------------------- I,Xia Dynasty夏朝(c21th-c.16th century B.C) II,Shang Dynasty商朝(c16th-11th,century B.C.) III,Zhou Dynasty周朝 1,Western zhou 西周(c11th-771 B.C.) |
 | Chinese Civilization中华文明3-1Western Zhou Dynasty礼乐颂歌 西周（公元前1046年~公元前771年）中国历史上继奴隶制商朝之后的第一个封建朝代，由周文王之子周武王姬发灭商后所建立，定都于镐京（今陕西省西安市西部）。由于周朝后来将都城东迁洛邑（今河南洛阳）称东周，所以称这一时期的周朝为西周。 另：东周赧王时其地亦分为东西二周。 The Zhou Dynasty (Chinese: 周朝; pinyin: Zhōu Cháo; Wade-Giles: Chou Ch`ao; 1122 BC to 256 BC) was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. The Zhou dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history—though the actual political and military control of China by the dynasty only lasted during the Western Zhou. During the Zhou, the use of iron was introduced to China, while this period of Chinese history produced what many consider the zenith of Chinese bronze-ware making. The dynasty also spans the period in which the written script evolved from the ancient stage as seen in early Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, to the beginnings of the modern stage, in the form of the archaic clerical script of the late Warring States period. During the Zhou Dynasty, the origins of matured Chinese philosophy developed, its initial stages beginning in the 6th century BC. The greatest Chinese philosophers, those who made the greatest impact on later generations of Chinese, were Kong Fuzi (Latin: Confucius), founder of Confucianism, and Laozi, founder of Daoism. Other philosophers, theorists, and schools of thought in this era were Mozi (Latin: Micius), founder of Mohism, Mengzi (Latin: Mencius), a famous Confucian who expanded upon Kong Fuzi's legacy, Shang Yang and Han Feizi, responsible for the development of ancient Chinese Legalism (the core philosophy of the Qin Dynasty), and Xunzi, who was arguably the center of ancient Chinese intellectual life during his time, even more so than iconic intellectual figures such as Mencius. Mandate of Heaven In the Chinese historical tradition, the Zhou defeated the Shang and oriented the Shang system of ancestor worship toward a universalized worship away from the worship of Di and to that of Tian or "heaven". They legitimized their rule by invoking the Mandate of Heaven, the notion that the ruler (the "Son of Heaven") governed by divine right but that his dethronement would prove that he had lost the mandate. Such things that proved the ruling family had lost the Mandate were natural disasters and rebellions. The doctrine explained and justified the demise of the Xia and Shang Dynasties and at the same time supported the legitimacy of present and future rulers. The Zhou dynasty was founded by the Ji family and had its capital at Hào (鎬, near the present-day city of Xi'an in the Wei River valley). Sharing the language and culture of the Shang, the early Zhou rulers, through conquest and colonization, established a large imperial territory wherein states as far as Shandong acknowledged Zhou rulership and took part in elite culture. The spread of Zhou bronzes, though, was concurrent with the continued use of Shang style pottery in the distant regions and these states were the last to recede during the late Western Zhou. Zhou military The early Western Zhou supported a strong military split into two major units: "The Six Armies of the West" and "The Eight Armies of Chengzhou". The armies campaigned in the northern Loess Plateau, modern Ningxia and the Huanghe floodplain. The military prowess of Zhou peaked during the 19th year of King Zhao's reign, when the Six Armies were wiped out along with King Zhao on a campaign around the Han River. Early Zhou kings were true commanders-in-chief. They were in constant wars with barbarians on behalf of the fiefs called 'guo', namely, statelet or principality. Charles Hucker noted that Zhou had 14 standing royal armies, with 6 stationed in Haojing, near today's Xian, and 8 armies stationed in the east. Zhou Zhaowang (r. 1052--1001 BC) was famous for repeated campaigns in the Yangtze areas and died in his last action. Zhou Muwang (r. 1001--946 BC) was a legendary figure famous for fighting in the west and maybe today's Central Asia where he met and rendezvoused on Kunlun Mountain with so-called Xi Wang Mu, namely, Queen Mother of the West, rumored by some western historians, including Charles Hucker, to be Queen of Sheba. (The actual place for Kunlun Mountains would be somewhere close to today's Jiuquan County, Gansu Province. Mt Kunlun, extending for almost 2000 miles from Kara-Kunlun bordering Tibet in the west to Qilian Mountain in the east, was a source of many Chinese myths and legends.) Later kings' campaigns were less effective. King Liwang (r. 878--7 BC) led 14 armies against barbarians in the south but failed to achieve any victory. King Xuanwang (r 827--782 BC) fought the Jiangrong nomads in vain. King Youwang was killed by Quanrong, and capital Haojing was sacked. Although chariots had been introduced to China since the Shang Dynasty,[3] the Zhou period saw the use of massed chariots in battle, a technology imported from Central Asia |
 | Discovery探索发现-Shang Dynasty (YinXu) Site殷墟4-4 (A total of 4.There are some English descriptions on this video in "Chinese Civilization for Five Thousand Years1-4Xia夏 & Shang商") Yinxu (Chinese: 殷墟; pinyin: Yīnxū; literally "Ruins of Yin") is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty (1766 BC - 1050 BC). The capital served 255 years for 12 kings in 8 generations. Rediscovered in 1899 it is one of the oldest and largest archeaological sites in China and is one of the Historical capitals of China and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is located in the central Henan province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu. It is famous as the original source of oracle bones and oracle bone script, the earliest recorded form of Chinese writing. At the beginning of the 14th century B.C.E. King Pangeng of the Shang Dynasty established his capital on the banks of the Huan River. The city was known as Yin, and from that point on the dynasty that founded it would also be known as the Yin Dynasty.[1] King Wu Ding continued to use Yin as his capital and from this base launched numerous military campaigns (many led by his own wife Fu Hao) against surrounding tribes securing Shang rule and raising the dynasty to its historical zenith. Later rulers were pleasure-seekers who took no interest in state affairs as social differences increased within the slave-owning society. King Zhou, the last of the Shang dynasty kings, is in particular remembered as ruthless and debauched. His increasingly autocratic laws alienated the nobility until King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty was able to gain the support to rise up and overthrow the Shang. The Zhou established their capital in Feng and Hao near modern day Xi'an and Yin was abandoned to fall into ruin. These ruins were mentioned by Sima Qian, in his Records of the Grand Historian, but soon they were lost and their location forgotten with the once-great city of Yin being relegated to legend along with the dynasty that founded it. |
 | Chinese Civilization for Five Thousand Years12-8Yuan Dynasty Ní Zàn (倪瓚) (1301-1374) is considered to be one of the four "Late Yuan" masters. He was born into a wealthy family in Wuxi. Ni Zan was born after the death of the Kublai Khan, the Mongolian ruler who defeated the Song and established dominance over all that had traditionally been considered China. The Yuan rulers did not trust many of the Confucian scholars and instead preferred to instill Mongolians and Muslims to perform administrative tasks. Ni Zan was born into an elite who could afford to be educated despite the unavailability of high-paying governmental jobs that traditionally were the reward for a rigorous Confucian education. These wealthy scholars and poets were often entertained by the eccentric Ni Zan and were part of a movement that radically altered the traditional conceptions of Chinese painting. Their paintings depicted representations of natural settings that were highly localized, portraying personally valued vistas that reflected their individual feelings. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni_Zan 倪瓒(1301～1374)元代画家、诗人。擅山水、竹石、枯木等，其山水师法董源、荆浩、关仝、李成，加以发展，画法疏简 ，格调天真幽淡。作品多画太湖一带山水，构图平远，景物极简，多作疏林坡岸，浅水遥岑。用笔变中锋为侧锋，折带皴画山石，枯笔干墨，淡雅松秀，意境荒寒空寂，风格萧散超逸。墨竹萧爽清丽。论画主张抒发主观感情，认为绘画应表现作者胸中逸气，不求形似，说仆之所谓画者，不过逸笔草草，不求形似，聊以自娱耳。其绘画实践和理论观点，对明清文人画家有很大影响，享誉极高，画史将他与黄公望、吴镇、王蒙并称元四家。 http://bk.baidu.com/view/80620.html Wang Meng is considered to be one of the four great masters of the Yuan Dynasty, along with Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen, and Ni Zan. They famously refused to serve the Mongolian rulers of their country. Works on silk by them are virtually unknown, an indication of the importance they gave to the calligraphic touch of the brush on paper. They exclusively painted landscapes, which they believed to be the visible key to the invisible reality. They restricted their acquaintenceship to each other, and like-minded "wen ren" (gentleman-scholars). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Meng_(artist) 王蒙（1308－1385）元画家。字叔明，号黄鹤山樵、香光居士，湖州（今浙江吴兴）人。外祖父赵孟頫、外祖母管道升、舅父赵雍、表弟赵彦徵都是元代著名画家。王蒙的山水画受到赵孟頫的直接影响，后来进而师法王维、董源、巨然等人，综合出新风格。 http://bk.baidu.com/view/31496.htm#2 |
 | Chinese Imperial Palace2-1 Properous Dynasties盛世的屋脊 The Qing Dynasty (Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: Qīng cháo; Wade-Giles: Ch'ing ch'ao; Manchu: Daicing gurun; Mongolian: Манж Чин Улс), also known as the Manchu Dynasty, was the last ruling dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 (ostensibly with a brief restoration during the short-lived Empire of China). During its reign, the Qing Dynasty became highly integrated with Chinese culture. However, its military power weakened during the 1800s, and faced with international pressure, massive rebellions and defeats in wars, the Qing Dynasty declined after the mid-19th century. The Qing Dynasty was overthrown following the Xinhai Revolution, when the Empress Dowager Longyu abdicated on behalf of the last emperor, Puyi, on February 12, 1912. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty The Shunzhi Emperor (March 15, 1638February 5, 1661) was the second emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper from 1644 to 1661. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor Dorgon (Manchu: ; traditional Chinese: 多爾袞; simplified Chinese: 多尔衮; pinyin: Duō'ěrgǔn) (November 17, 1612December 31, 1650), also known as Hošoi Mergen Cin Wang, the Prince Rui (和碩睿親王), was one of the most influential Manchu princes in the early Qing dynasty. He laid the groundwork for the Manchu rule of China. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorgon A Brief Chinese Chronology I,Xia Dynasty夏朝(c2070-1600 B.C) II,Shang Dynasty商朝(c1600-1046 B.C.) III,Zhou Dynasty周朝 1,Western zhou 西周(c11th-771 B.C.), 2,Eastern Zhou东周(770-256 B.C.) 1),Spring and Autumn Period春秋(770-476 B.C) 2),Warring States战国(475-211 B.C) IV,Qin Dynasty秦朝(221-207 B.C.) V,Han Dynasty汉朝(206 B.C.-220) 1,Western han西汉(206 B.C.-24) 2,Eastern Han东汉(25-220) VI,Three Kingdoms三国(220-280) 1,Wei魏(220-265) 2,Shu Han蜀汉(221-263) 3,Wu吴(222-280) VII,Western Jin Dynasty西晋(265-316) VIII，Eastern Jin Dynasty东晋(3170420) IX,Northern and Southern Dynasties南北朝 1,Southern Dynasty南朝 1)，Song宋(420-479) 2),Qi齐(479-502) 3),Liang梁(502-557) 4),Chen陈(557-589) 2,Northern Dynasties北朝 1),Northern Wei北魏(386-534) 2),Eastern Wei东魏(534-550) 3),Northern Qi北齐(550-556) 4),Western Wei西魏(535-556) 5),Northern Zhou北周(557-581) X,Sui Dynasty隋朝(581-618) XI,Tang Dynasty唐朝(618-907) XII,Five Dynasties五代 1,Later Liang后梁(907-923) 2,Later Tang后唐(923-936) 3,Later Jin后晋(936-946) 4,Later Han后汉(947-950) 5,Later Zhou后周(951-960) XIII，Song Dynasty宋朝 1,Northern Song Dynasty北宋(960-1127) 2,Southern Song Dynasty南宋(1127-1279) XIV,Liao Dynasty辽朝(916-1125) XV，Jin Dynasty金朝(1115-1234) XVI,Yuan Dynasty元朝(1271-1368) XVII,Ming Dynasty明朝(1368-1644) XVIII,Qing Dynasty清朝(1644-1911) |
 | Chinese Civilization for Five Thousand Years2-5Confucius (2-5)Notes: 5, Han Fei韩非 (also Han Feizi韩非子) (ca. 280--233 BC) was aphilosopher who, along with Li Si, developed Xun Zi's philosophy into the doctrine embodied by the School of Law or Legalism. Unlike the other famed philosophers of the time, Han Fei was a member of the ruling aristocracy, having been born into the ruling family of the state of Han during the end phase of the Warring States Period. In this context, his works have been interpreted by some scholars as being directed to his cousin, the King of Han.[2] After many years in the Qin court, Han Fei was persecuted by his colleague Li Si and forced to drink poison in prison. Legalism Han Fei's philosophy, called Legalism, centered on the ruler. In his philosophy, the ruler firmly controls the state with the help of three concepts: his position of power (勢, Shi); certain techniques (術, Shu), and laws (法, Fa). Legalism assumes that everyone acts according to one principle: avoiding punishment while simultaneously trying to achieve gains. Thus, the law must severely punish any unwanted action, while at the same time reward those who follow it. (compare: Legalism) Legalism synthesised the ideas of Shang Yang, Shen Buhai, and Shen Dao. He borrowed Shang Yang's emphasis on laws, Shen Buhai's emphasis on techniques, and Shen Dao's ideas on authority and legitimacy. Comparison with Confucianism and Taoism Apart from the Confucianist Xun Zi, who was his and Li Si's teacher, the other main source for his political theories was Lao Zi's Taoist work, the Tao Te Ching, which he interpreted as a political text, and on which he wrote a commentary (chapters 20 and 21 in his book, Han Feizi). He saw the Tao as a natural law that everyone and everything was forced to follow. Parallel to this, he believed that an ideal ruler made laws, like an inevitable force of nature, that the people could not resist. His philosophy was very influential on the first King of Qin and the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, becoming one of the guiding principles of the ruler's policies. After the early demise of the Qin Dynasty, Han Fei's philosophy was officially vilified by the following Han Dynasty. Despite its outcast status throughout the history of imperial China, Han Fei's political theory continued to heavily influence every dynasty afterwards, and the Confucian ideal of a rule without laws was never again realized. Han Fei's philosophy experienced a renewed interest under the rule of the Communist Party during the leadership of Mao Zedong, who personally admired some of the principles laid out in it. Han Fei's entire recorded work is collected in the Han Feizi, a book containing 55 chapters. It is also important as the only surviving source for numerous anecdotes from the Warring States Period. ------------------------------------------------- III,Zhou Dynasty周朝 1,Western zhou 西周(c11th-771 B.C.), 2,Eastern Zhou东周(770-256 B.C.) 1),Spring and Autumn Period春秋(770-476 B.C) 2),Warring States战国(475-211 B.C) IV,Qin Dynasty秦朝(221-207 B.C.) |
 | Chinese civilization for Five Thousand Years中华文明五千年-Music片头曲 Chinese civilization for Five Thousand Years中华文明五千年-Music片头曲 |
 | Discovery探索发现-Oringinal Zhou's Site周原4-1 ZhouYuan was the birth place of Zhou's people. 周原是周人的发祥地，周族之祖古公亶父率众由豳地所迁居之处。 周原包括今陕西省岐山、扶风两县的一部分。古公亶父曾在此处营筑城郭、宫殿、宗庙、房屋，成为周人的早期都邑。后来，周文王、周武王虽然迁都丰、镐，但周原一带仍是一处重要的政治中心。周原考古在70年代后期屡有重大发现。 1976年在岐山县凤雏村发现了一组大型西周建筑基址。它坐落在一个夯土台基之上。建筑物的布局以门道、前堂、过廊、后室为中轴，东西配置厢房，形成一个前后两进、东西对称的封闭式院落。1977年秋，在清理西厢房南头第二间房屋时，在一个窖穴中发现大量卜甲和卜骨，共有17000多片。有刻辞的卜甲有190多片，共600多字。周原甲骨刻辞的内容记载商周关系和周初历史，是一批宝贵资料。在扶风县召陈村，与发现凤雏遗址同时，也发现了一处西周建筑基址群，共有十几处基址。其中一座夯土台基东西长约22.5米，南北宽约10.4米，台基周围还有半米多宽的用卵石铺筑的散水。台基上由南到北有四排柱础，间距3米，由东到西有八排柱础，间距大都是3米。台基上有两道南北向的宽0.8米的夯土墙。这些情况表明台基上原来的建筑应当是宽敞高大的建筑。除了凤雏和召陈的大型建筑基址以外，在扶风云塘还发现一处规模较大的骨器作坊遗址，扶风齐家村等地也发现有居住遗址。 西周时期的墓葬在周原地区也多有发现。岐山贺家村于1966年发掘的一座墓中出土了鼎、簋、尊、角等17件铜器，还有兵器和车马器。贺家村的西周墓地还有不少小墓，随葬器物大都是一件陶鬲、一件铜戈和一件大铜泡。从陶鬲的形制可以推定贺家村西周墓地中有相当一部分墓葬可能属于灭商以前的先周时期。 《诗经·绵》记载古公亶父率族迁于周原时的描述： 绵绵瓜瓞。民之初生，自土沮漆。古公亶父，陶复陶冗，未有家室。 古公亶父，来朝走马。率西水浒，至于岐下。爰及姜女，聿来胥宇。 周原膴膴，堇荼如饴。爰始爰谋，爰契我龟，曰止曰时，筑室于兹。 乃慰乃止，乃左乃右，乃疆乃理，乃宣乃亩。自西徂东，周爰执事。 乃召司空，乃召司徒，俾立室家。其绳则直，缩版以载，作庙翼翼。 捄之陾，度之薨薨，筑之登登，削屡冯冯。百堵皆兴，鼛鼓弗胜。 乃立皋门，皋门有伉。乃立应门，应门将将。乃立冢土，戎丑攸行。 肆不殄厥愠，亦不陨厥问。柞棫拔矣，行道兑矣。混夷駾矣，维其喙矣！ 虞芮质厥成，文王蹶厥生。予曰有疏附，予曰有先后。予曰有奔奏，予曰有御侮！ 《史记·周本纪》说古公亶父迁到周原之后"营筑城郭室屋，而邑别居之，作五官有司，民皆歌乐之"。周原地区的考古资料证明古代文献的相关记载是可靠的。 |
 | 漫畫大師蔡志忠~動畫系列~封神榜1/ The Investiture of the Gods I 漫畫大師蔡志忠~動畫系列~封神榜1 《封神榜》從周武王討伐商紂王的過程，演繹出一個歷史與神怪相結合的故事。其中豐富生動的文學想像力，一直深受喜愛。本書經由作者蔡志忠的巧思安排，將故事與現代種種眾生相結合，更增加了時代性與可看性。蔡志忠多媒體叢書--《封神榜1》中由哪叱、姜子牙、商紂王、周文王四位主要人物率先登場，除了摘錄蔡志忠以漫畫解說經典的漫畫原著，亦增加了動畫DVD、典出原文以及精采的彩色動漫畫，讓讀者能夠相互參照欣賞。 "The Saga of Gods" mainly describes a group of heroes against the tyranny of old times, namely Jou Wu Wang, Jiang Tai Gong, Huang Fei Hu etc, along with the line of gods, like Yang Jien and Nuo Ja, who offer their supernormal skills to help these earthly heroes. In the end, justice prevails and all these heroes become ordained as part of the line of gods. Based on original folktales, this is an animation which accumulates fascinating stories of Nuo Ja, Jiang Tz Ya, King Shang Jou, and King Jou Wen etc.; it will be interesting to see the variety of different personas of these legendary characters in digital motion. 甲馬創意： http://store.pchome.com.tw/jamaridea/ 明日工作室： http://www.tomor.com/ |
 | Chinese Civilization for Five Thousand Years2-1Confucius II，contention of a hundred schools of thought 二，百家争鸣 contention of a hundred schools of thought百家争鸣:Confucius孔子,Lao-tzu老子,Mohist墨家，Legalist法家,etc.(during of Spring and Autumn春秋 and Warring States 战国Periods,770-721 B.C.). The appearance of Confucius'Confuciusist made the significant change of Chinese social form. 孔子儒家思想的出现,成为中国社会形态的重大转变 ------------------------------------------------- 1，Confucius (Chinese: 孔夫子; pinyin: Kǒng Fūzǐ; Wade-Giles: K'ung-fu-tzu), lit. "Master Kung,"551 BCE -- 479 BCE) was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese thought and life. His philosophy emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. These values gained prominence in China over other doctrines, such as Legalism (法家) or Taoism (道家) during the Han Dynasty.Confucius' thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism (儒家). It was introduced to Europe by the Jesuit Matteo Ricci, who was the first to Latinise the name as "Confucius." His teachings may be found in the Analects of Confucius (論語), a collection of "brief aphoristic fragments", which was compiled many years after his death. Modern historians do not believe that any specific documents can be said to have been written by Confucius, but for nearly 2,000 years he was thought to be the editor or author of all the Five Classics such as the Classic of Rites (editor), and the Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋) (author). 2，The Duke of Zhou (Chinese: 周公; pinyin: Zhōu Gōng) was the brother of King Wu of Zhou in ancient China. Only three years after defeating the Shang Dynasty King Wu died, leaving the task of consolidating the dynasty's power to the Duke of Zhou, who ruled as regent. The Duke of Zhou fought with the rulers of eastern states who joined with the remnants of the Shang to oppose the Zhou. The east was conquered in five years. According to Chinese legend, he annotated the 64 hexagrams and completed the classic of I Ching, established the Rites of Zhou, and created the Yayue of Chinese classical music. ------------------------------------------------- III,Zhou Dynasty周朝 1,Western zhou 西周(c11th-771 B.C.), 2,Eastern Zhou东周(770-256 B.C.) 1),Spring and Autumn Period春秋(770-476 B.C) 2),Warring States战国(475-211 B.C) IV,Qin Dynasty秦朝(221-207 B.C.) |
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