 | T cell response to MHC II Third part |
 | Apoptosis aka Cell Death. Apoptosis is a process where a cell is degraded in order for it to be ultimately engulfed and recycled. Apoptosis can occur when a cell has become mutated and is on the verge of becoming a cancer. Apoptosis is also the reason why we don't have webbed hands and feet. What basically happens is that the killer t cell communicates with the diseased cell by adhering to it by binding its death ligand to the death receptor on the diseased cell. This causes adapter proteins to attach to the cytosolic side of the receptor. This leads to a signal cascade which involves the recruitment of various other proteins and ultimately results in the death of the cell. |
 | Antibody Mediated Immune Response Antibody Mediated Immune Response |
 | Immune-mediated Tumor Destruction This scene shows several activated T cells attacking rapidly dividing cancer cells of a growing tumor. The activation and proliferation of cytotoxic T cells are critical for immune-mediated tumor destruction. Recent scientific advances have reignited interest in the area of cancer immunotherapy. http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com |
 | Peter Gabriel-Sledgehammer I Feel like Sharing Today |
 | Cancer parthway http://www.DNATUBE.COM During the 1960s and 1970s, a great deal of research was done on a class of viruses that affects rodents and birds and causes tumors in those species. The motivation for a lot of this research was the idea that similar viruses might cause tumors in humans, but in fact it's turned out that there are very few viruses that cause tumors in humans. Nevertheless, the study of these rodent viruses has been enormously fruitful in helping us to understand human cancer, and that's the basis of this story. One of the viruses that was studied in those years had two peculiarities. One was that it had lost most of the genes that it needed to reproduce itself. It could only reproduce if a helper virus was present in the same cell to supply the missing functions. The second peculiarity was that in place of the genes that were required for reproduction of the virus was another gene that had actually been picked up at some point in the history of this virus when it went through rats, and it picked up a rat gene and incorporated it into its own genome. At the same time that a lot of work was going on on these viruses, other scientists were studying other aspects of tumor formation, in particular, the action of carcinogenic agents, chemicals and X-rays and ultraviolet light. As you all know, human cells can turn into tumor cells under the influence of such agents. The tumor-like properties of those cells are inherited by all the daughter cells through many generations and, moreover, almost all chemicals that turn out to be carcinogens are also able to cause mutations. Another observation was that in tumor cells, many of the chromosomes seemed to have altered structures. So, all of these observations and others certainly suggested that changes in DNA might be involved in the development of tumor cells. By about 1980, it became possible to test that hypothesis directly. If you have human tumor cells produced in laboratory dishes or isolated from the tumor itself, then perhaps they have a gene or genes in them which is responsible for the fact that they're tumor cells. If you isolate the DNA from the cells and cut it up into more or less gene-sized pieces and then put it on top of mouse cells growing in a dish, the mouse cells can take up pieces of this DNA, and any mouse cell that picks up a piece of DNA that carries on it a gene that can cause a tumor will begin to grow like tumor cells, and its progeny will grow rapidly and form a tight little cluster on the cell. Now it's possible to pick such cells off and isolate the DNA from them and also separate the human DNA sequence that might have caused the tumor-like property from the bulk of the mouse sequences and to clone that DNA. And when you do that and put that DNA, which is now pure sequence, back in mouse cells, many of the cells become tumor-like rather than just a rare few. And such a gene, such a DNA sequence, bears the name of an oncogene. |
 | tolerancia central Gran video |
 | Lymphocytes Protect You Another tune by one of the lecturers on lymphocytes with a bit of solo guitar by one of the students! |
 | T cell lymphocyte T cell lymphocyte |
 | Fighting Cancer with Magnetic Nanoparticles MagForce Nanotechnologies AG is focused on using nanotechnology to fight cancer. Its proprietary system of therapy is based on injecting aminosilane-coated iron oxide nanoparticles into a tumor which has already been localized. These nanoparticles are then subjected to a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, causing them to vibrate and produce heat which then damages or destroys the tumor cells. Depending on the temperature attained within the tumor, the method may be used either as hyperthermia therapy in support of conventional forms of treatment (such as radiation and chemotherapy) or byitself as thermoablation for the direct destruction of tumor cells. This approach, now in clinical trials but not yet commercially available, may be used for many different types of solid tumors, as fundamentally all tumor cells may be damaged or destroyed at a certain temperature. Find more about this technology by visiting www.magforce.com |
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